BIM Workbench/it: Difference between revisions
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* [[Image:Arch_Check.svg|32px]] [[Arch_Check|Check]]: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects. |
* [[Image:Arch_Check.svg|32px]] [[Arch_Check|Check]]: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects. |
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* [[Image:Arch_ToggleIfcBrepFlag.svg|32px]] [[Arch_ToggleIfcBrepFlag|Toggle IFC Brep flag]]: Forces a selected object to be exported as an [ |
* [[Image:Arch_ToggleIfcBrepFlag.svg|32px]] [[Arch_ToggleIfcBrepFlag|Toggle IFC Brep flag]]: Forces a selected object to be exported as an [[https://standards.buildingsmart.org/IFC/DEV/IFC4_2/FINAL/HTML/schema/ifcgeometricmodelresource/lexical/ifcfacetedbrep.htm IfcFacetedBrep]. |
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* [[Image:Arch_ToggleSubs.svg|32px]] [[Arch_ToggleSubs|Toggle subcomponents]]: Shows or hides the subcomponents of an Arch object. |
* [[Image:Arch_ToggleSubs.svg|32px]] [[Arch_ToggleSubs|Toggle subcomponents]]: Shows or hides the subcomponents of an Arch object. |
Latest revision as of 15:59, 21 June 2024
This page has been updated for that version.
Introduzione
The BIM Workbench provides a modern Building Information Modelling workflow in FreeCAD, with fully parametric objects such as walls, beams, roofs, windows, stairs, pipes, and furniture. It supports Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) files, and the production of 2D plans in combination with the TechDraw Workbench.
The BIM Workbench imports tools from the Draft Workbench, as it uses its 2D objects to build 3D parametric objects. But it can also use solid shapes created with other workbenches like Part and PartDesign.
Vedere FreeCAD BIM migration guide per una rapida panoramica se si è già utente di un'altra applicazione BIM.
Gli sviluppatori di Draft, Arch e BIM collaborano anche con la più ampia comunità OSArch, con l'obiettivo finale di migliorare la progettazione degli edifici utilizzando software completamente gratuito.
Per iniziare
Al primo avvio di BIM viene visualizzata una finestra di benvenuto, che fornisce una rapida panoramica di come funziona questo ambiente e consente all'utente di avviare un divertente tutorial di BIM. La finestra di benvenuto è disponibile anche dal menu Aiuto. Quando la schermata di benvenuto viene chiusa facendo clic su OK, viene visualizzata la finestra di dialogo di configurazione BIM, che consente all'utente di impostare rapidamente alcune delle più comuni preferenze relative al BIM di FreeCAD senza la necessità di sfogliare tutte le pagine delle preferenze di FreeCAD.
Lo strumento Configurazione del progetto BIM consente di configurare rapidamente un progetto BIM riempiendo alcune informazioni di base sul progetto. È quindi possibile, ad esempio, utilizzare i diversi strumenti di disegno 2D per tracciare linee guida e linee di base, quindi utilizzare i diversi strumenti di modellazione 3D per creare automaticamente gli oggetti BIM 3D. Una linea, ad esempio, può diventare un muro semplicemente selezionandola e premendo il pulsante Wall.
Se si è abituati a lavorare con un'altra applicazione BIM, controllare la nostra Tabella di compatibilità dell'applicazione BIM quando si inizia a lavorare con FreeCAD.
Il tutorial divertente di BIM è un modo semplice per iniziare rapidamente a usare l'ambiente BIM.
Strumenti
The BIM workbench gathers tools from several other FreeCAD workbenches, mainly Draft and Part, roughly reorganized in logical categories.
Inoltre, se tali addon sono installati, gli strumenti da Reinforcement (strumenti aggiuntivi per barre d'armatura), Fasteners (bulloni e viti), Flamingo/Dodo (strumenti per strutture metalliche e tubazioni) e Parts Library vengono automaticamente inclusi nell'ambiente BIM.
L'ambiente BIM aggiunge anche una serie di elementi nella barra di stato di FreeCAD e un paio di voci nel menu contestuale, accessibili facendo clic con il tasto destro nella vista 3D o nella vista ad albero .
Disegni 2D
Gli oggetti 2D sono comunemente usati come strumenti di disegno o per disegnare linee di base e profili per costruire oggetti BIM. Possono anche essere utilizzati per disegnare simboli e annotazioni nel modello. Oltre agli schizzi, che utilizzano il proprio sistema di coordinate, gli oggetti 2D verranno disegnati sul corrente piano di lavoro.
- Sketch: Creates a new sketch and enters sketch edit mode. Sketches are advanced 2D objects with constraints support.
- Line: Creates a straight line.
- Polyline: Creates a polyline (also called wire), a sequence of several connected line segments.
- Circle: Creates a circle from a center and a radius.
- Arc: Creates a circular arc from a center, a radius, a start angle and an aperture angle.
- Arc by 3 points: Creates a circular arc from three points that define its circumference.
- Fillet: Creates a fillet, a rounded corner, or a chamfer, a straight edge, between two Draft Lines.
- Ellipse: Creates an ellipse from two points defining a rectangle in which the ellipse will fit.
- Polygon: Creates a regular polygon from a center and a radius.
- Rectangle: Creates a rectangle from two points.
- B-spline: Creates a B-spline curve from several points.
- Bézier curve: Creates a Bézier curve from several points.
- Cubic Bézier curve: Creates a Bézier curve of the third degree.
- Point: Creates a simple point.
3D/BIM
Gli oggetti 3D e BIM sono gli elementi del mondo reale che compongono il progetto BIM.
- Project: Creates a project including selected objects.
- Site: Creates a site including selected objects.
- Building: Creates a building including selected objects.
- Level: Creates a floor including selected objects.
- Space: Creates a space object.
- Wall: Creates a wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Curtain Wall: Creates a curtain wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Column: Creates a vertical structural element at a given point, optionally using a selected object as a profile.
- Beam: Creates a horizontal structural element between two points, optionally using a selected object as a profile.
- Slab: Creates a flat structural element by extruding a selected flat object.
- Window: Creates a window from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Pipe: Creates a pipe.
- Connector: Creates a corner or T-connection between 2 or 3 selected pipes.
- Stairs: Creates a stairs object.
- Roof: Creates a sloped roof from a selected wire.
- Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.
- Frame: Creates a frame object from a selected layout.
- Fence: Creates a fence object from a selected post and path.
- Truss: Creates a truss from a selected line or from scratch.
- Equipment: Creates an equipment or furniture object.
- Reinforcement tools:
- These tools, except the first, are only available if the Reinforcement Workbench has been installed.
- Custom Rebar: Creates a custom reinforcement bar in a selected structural element using a sketch.
- Straight Rebar: Creates a straight reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- U-Shape Rebar: Creates a U-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- L-Shape Rebar: Creates an L-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Stirrup: Creates a stirrup reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Bent-Shape Rebar: Creates a bent-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Helical Rebar: Creates a helical reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
- Column Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected column.
- Beam Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected beam.
- Slab Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected slab.
- Footing Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected footing.
- Generic 3D tools:
- These tools build generic 3D objects that can be turned or used into BIM components.
- Profile: Creates a parametric 2D profile.
- Box: Creates a box by specifying its dimensions graphically.
- Shape builder...: Creates more complex shapes from various geometric primitives.
- Facebinder: creates a surface object from selected faces.
- Objects library: Inserts an equipment or furniture object. Requires the Parts Library addon.
- Component: Creates a non-parametric Arch component.
- External reference: Links objects from another FreeCAD file into the current document.
Annotazioni
Le annotazioni sono oggetti di aiuto visivo che possono essere inseriti all'interno del modello. Possono essere utilizzati per esportare il modello direttamente in un formato 2D come DXF, o riutilizzati durante la creazione di viste 2D del modello con TechDraw.
- Text:
- Shape from text: Creates a compound shape that represents a text string.
- Label: Creates a multi-line text with a 2-segment leader line and an arrow.
- Axis: Adds a 1-direction array of axes.
- Axis System: Adds an axis system composed of several axes.
- Grid: Adds a grid-like object.
- Section Plane: Adds a section plane object.
- Hatch: Creates hatches on the planar faces of a selected object.
- Page:
- View:
Snapping
This menu contains the Draft Snap tools as well as the following tools:
Modify
- Move: Moves or copies selected objects from one point to another.
- Copy: Copies selected objects from one point to another.
- Rotate: Rotates or copies selected objects around a center point by a given angle.
- Clone: Clones selected objects.
- Create simple copy: Creates a non-parametric copy of a selected object. This is the same tool as Part SimpleCopy.
- Make compound: Creates a compound from selected objects. This is the same tool as Part Compound.
- Offset: Offsets each segment of a selected object over a given distance, or creates an offset copy of the selected object.
- 2D Offset...: Constructs a parallel wire at a given distance from the original, or enlarges/shrinks a planar face (parametric version). This is the same tool as Part Offset2D.
- Trimex: Trims or extends a selected object.
- Join: Joins Draft Lines and Draft Wires into a single wire.
- Split: Splits a Draft Line or Draft Wire at a specified point or edge.
- Scale: Scales or copies selected objects around a base point.
- Stretch: Stretches objects by moving selected points.
- Draft to sketch: Converts Draft objects to Sketcher Sketches and vice versa.
- Upgrade: Upgrades selected objects.
- Downgrade: Downgrades selected objects.
- Add component: Adds objects to a component.
- Remove component: Subtracts or removes objects from a component.
- Path array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies along a path.
- Circular array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies along concentric circumferences. It can optionally create a Link array.
- Point array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies at the points from a point compound.
- Cut with plane: Cuts an object according to a plane.
- Mirror: Creates mirrored copies from selected objects.
- Extrude...: Extrudes planar faces of an object. This is the same tool as Part Extrude.
- Difference: Subtracts one object from another. This is the same tool as Part Cut.
- Intersection: Extracts the common part of two objects. This is the same tool as Part Common.
Manage
- BIM Setup...: Configures some of the FreeCAD preferences most commonly used for BIM.
- Views manager: Manage the different views and levels of your project.
- Manage project...: Allows to create some basic objects such as a site, a building and axes by filling basic project information.
- Manage doors and windows...: Manage the doors and windows of your project.
- Manage IFC elements...: Manage how the different elements of your project will be exported to IFC.
- Manage IFC quantities...: Manage how the quantities of your objects are explicitely exported to IFC
- Manage IFC properties...: Manage the IFC properties attached to each of your objects.
- Manage classification...: Manage how objects and materials of your project relate to classifications systems such as Uniclass.
- Manage layers...: Manage the layers of your document.
- Material: Manages materials or multimaterials of selected objects
- Schedule: Creates different types of schedules.
- Preflight checks...: Perform different checks on your model before exporting to IFC.
- Annotation styles...: Allows you to define styles that affect the visual properties of annotation-like objects.
Utils
- Select group: Selects the contents of Std Groups or group-like Arch objects.
- Set slope: Slopes selected Draft Lines or Draft Wires by increasing, or decreasing, the Z coordinate of all points after the first one.
- Create working plane proxy: Creates a working plane proxy to save the current Draft working plane.
- Add to construction group: Moves objects to the Draft construction group.
- Split Mesh: Splits a selected mesh into separate components.
- Mesh to Shape: Converts a mesh into a shape, unifying coplanar faces.
- Select non-manifold meshes: Selects all non-manifold meshes from the current selection or from the document.
- Remove Shape from Arch: Turns cubic shape-based Arch object fully parametric.
- Close holes: Closes holes in a selected shape-based object.
- Merge Walls: Merge two or more walls.
- Check: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects.
- Toggle IFC Brep flag: Forces a selected object to be exported as an [IfcFacetedBrep.
- Toggle subcomponents: Shows or hides the subcomponents of an Arch object.
- Survey: Enters or leaves surveying mode.
- Glue:
- Panel tools:
- Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.
- Panel Cut: Creates a 2D cut view from a panel.
- Panel Sheet: Creates a 2D cut sheet including panel cuts or other 2D objects.
- Nest: Allows to nest several flat objects inside a container shape.
- Structure tools:
- Structure: Creates a structural element from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
- Nudge:
Status bar
TBD
TBD
TBD
Obsolete tools
- Arch 3Views: Creates top, front and side views from a mesh. Not available in version 1.0 and above.
- Arch CutLine: Cuts an object according to a line. Not available in version 1.0 and above. Use Arch CutPlane instead.
- Arch Project: Creates a project including selected objects. Not available in version 1.0 and above. Use BIM Project instead.
Preferences
- Preferences: General preferences for the BIM Workbench.
- Fine tuning: Extra parameters to fine-tune BIM behavior.
File formats
- IFC: industry foundation classes
- DAE: Collada mesh format
- OBJ: OBJ mesh format (export only)
- JSON: JavaScript Object Notation format (export only)
- 3DS: 3DS format (import only)
- SHP: GIS Shapefiles (import only)
API
The Arch module can be used in Python scripts and macros using the Arch Python API functions.
Tutorial e apprendimento
- Migrazione a FreeCAD da Revit
- Tutorial Architettura e BIM in questo wiki
- "BIM with FreeCAD" video series by Yorik
- "FreeCAD tutorials" video series by Regis
- "Quinta Monroy" video series by Regis
- 2D drafting: Sketch, Line, Polyline, Circle, Arc, Arc by 3 points, Fillet, Ellipse, Polygon, Rectangle, B-spline, Bézier curve, Cubic Bézier curve, Point
- 3D/BIM: Project, Site, Building, Level, Space, Wall, Curtain Wall, Column, Beam, Slab, Door, Window, Pipe, Pipe Connector, Stairs, Roof, Panel, Frame, Fence, Truss, Equipment
- Reinforcement tools: Custom Rebar, Straight Rebar, U-Shape Rebar, L-Shape Rebar, Stirrup, Bent-Shape Rebar, Helical Rebar, Column Reinforcement, Beam Reinforcement, Slab Reinforcement, Footing Reinforcement
- Generic 3D tools: Profile, Box, Shape builder..., Facebinder, Objects library, Component, External reference
- Annotation: Text, Shape from text, Aligned dimension, Horizontal dimension, Vertical dimension, Leader, Label, Axis, Axes System, Grid, Section Plane, Hatch, Page, View, Shape-based view
- Snapping: Snap lock, Snap endpoint, Snap midpoint, Snap center, Snap angle, Snap intersection, Snap perpendicular, Snap extension, Snap parallel, Snap special, Snap near, Snap ortho, Snap grid, Snap working plane, Snap dimensions, Toggle grid, Working Plane Top, Working Plane Front, Working Plane Side
- Modify: Move, Copy, Rotate, Clone, Create simple copy, Make compound, Offset, 2D Offset..., Trimex, Join, Split, Scale, Stretch, Draft to sketch, Upgrade, Downgrade, Add component, Remove component, Array, Path array, Circular array, Point array, Cut with plane, Mirror, Extrude..., Difference, Union, Intersection
- Manage: BIM Setup..., Views manager, Manage project..., Manage doors and windows..., Manage IFC elements..., Manage IFC quantities..., Manage IFC properties..., Manage classification..., Manage layers..., Material, Schedule, Preflight checks..., Annotation styles...
- Utils: Toggle bottom panels, Move to Trash, Working Plane View, Select group, Set slope, Create working plane proxy, Add to construction group, Split Mesh, Mesh to Shape, Select non-manifold meshes, Remove Shape from Arch, Close Holes, Merge Walls, Check, Toggle IFC Brep flag, Toggle subcomponents, Survey, IFC Diff, IFC explorer, Image plane, Unclone, Rewire, Glue, Reextrude
- Panel tools: Panel, Panel Cut, Panel Sheet, Nest
- Structure tools: Structure, Structural System, Multiple Structures
- IFC tools: IFC Diff..., IFC Expand, Make IFC project, IfcOpenShell update
- Nudge: Nudge Switch, Nudge Up, Nudge Down, Nudge Left, Nudge Right, Nudge Rotate Left, Nudge Rotate Right, Nudge Extend, Nudge Shrink
- Additional: Preferences, Fine tuning, Import Export Preferences, IFC, DAE, OBJ, JSON, 3DS, SHP
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Assembly, BIM, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Material, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub