Part Module/zh-cn: Difference between revisions

From FreeCAD Documentation
(Updating to match new version of source page)
(Updating to match new version of source page)
Line 1: Line 1:
<languages/>
<languages/>
{{Docnav
{{Docnav
|[[OpenSCAD Module|OpenSCAD Module]]
|[[OpenSCAD_Module|OpenSCAD Module]]
|[[PartDesign Workbench|PartDesign Workbench]]
|[[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign Workbench]]
|IconL=Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg
|IconL=Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg
|IconR=Workbench_PartDesign.svg
|IconR=Workbench_PartDesign.svg
Line 18: Line 18:
</div>
</div>


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
零件对象比[[Mesh Workbench|网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)]]创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。
零件对象比[[Mesh Workbench|网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)]]创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。
</div>


[[Image:Part_Workbench_relationships.svg|600px]]
[[Image:Part_Workbench_relationships.svg|600px]]
Line 28: Line 30:
== 工具 ==
== 工具 ==


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
这些工具皆位于{{MenuCommand|Part}}菜单。
这些工具皆位于{{MenuCommand|Part}}菜单。
</div>


===图元===
===图元===
Line 73: Line 77:
</div>
</div>


* [[Image:Part_Compound.svg|48px]] [[Part_CompCompoundTools|Compound Tools]]:
* [[Image:Part_CompCompoundTools.png|48px]] [[Part_CompCompoundTools|Compound Tools]]:
** [[Image:Part_Compound.svg|32px]] [[Part_Compound|Make compound]]: Creates a compound from the selected objects.
** [[Image:Part_Compound.svg|32px]] [[Part_Compound|Make compound]]: Creates a compound from the selected objects.
** [[Image:Part_ExplodeCompound.svg|32px]] [[Part_ExplodeCompound|Explode Compound]]: Tool to split up compounds of shapes
** [[Image:Part_ExplodeCompound.svg|32px]] [[Part_ExplodeCompound|Explode Compound]]: Tool to split up compounds of shapes
** [[Image:Part Compound‏‎Filter.svg|32px]] [[Part Compound‏‎Filter|Compound Filter]]: The CompoundFilter can be used to extract the individual pieces.
** [[Image:Part Compound‏‎Filter.svg|32px]] [[Part_Compound‏‎Filter|Compound Filter]]: The CompoundFilter can be used to extract the individual pieces.


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Line 85: Line 89:
</div>
</div>


* [[Image:Part_CompJoinFeatures.png|48px]] [[Part CompJoinFeatures|Join features]]: smart booleans for walled objects (e.g., pipes) {{Version|0.16}}
* [[Image:Part_CompJoinFeatures.png|48px]] [[Part CompJoinFeatures|Join features]]: smart booleans for walled objects (e.g., pipes).
** [[Image:Part_JoinConnect.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinConnect|Connect]]: Connects interiors of objects {{Version|0.16}}
** [[Image:Part_JoinConnect.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinConnect|Connect]]: Connects interiors of objects.
** [[Image:Part_JoinEmbed.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinEmbed|Embed]]: Embeds a walled object into another walled object {{Version|0.16}}
** [[Image:Part_JoinEmbed.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinEmbed|Embed]]: Embeds a walled object into another walled object.
** [[Image:Part_JoinCutout.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinCutout|Cutout]]: Creates a cutout in a wall of an object for another walled object {{Version|0.16}}
** [[Image:Part_JoinCutout.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinCutout|Cutout]]: Creates a cutout in a wall of an object for another walled object.


* [[Image:Part_CompSplittingTools.png|48px]] [[Part CompSplittingTools|Splitting tools]]: {{Version|0.17}}
* [[Image:Part_CompSplittingTools.png|48px]] [[Part CompSplittingTools|Splitting tools]]:.
** [[Image:Part_BooleanFragments.svg|32px]] [[Part_BooleanFragments|Boolean fragments]]: makes all the pieces that can be obtained by Boolean operations between objects {{Version|0.17}}
** [[Image:Part_BooleanFragments.svg|32px]] [[Part_BooleanFragments|Boolean fragments]]: makes all the pieces that can be obtained by Boolean operations between objects.
** [[Image:Part SliceApart.svg|32px]] [[Part_SliceApart|Slice a part]]: tool to split shapes by intersection with other shapes
** [[Image:Part SliceApart.svg|32px]] [[Part_SliceApart|Slice a part]]: tool to split shapes by intersection with other shapes
** [[Image:Part_Slice.svg|32px]] [[Part_Slice|Slice]]: Splits an object into pieces by intersections with another object {{Version|0.17}}
** [[Image:Part_Slice.svg|32px]] [[Part_Slice|Slice]]: Splits an object into pieces by intersections with another object.
** [[Image:Part_XOR.svg|32px]] [[Part_XOR|XOR]]: removes space shared by even number of objects (symmetric version of [[Part_Cut|Cut]]) {{Version|0.17}}
** [[Image:Part_XOR.svg|32px]] [[Part_XOR|XOR]]: removes space shared by even number of objects (symmetric version of [[Part_Cut|Cut]]).


* [[Image:Part Defeaturing.svg|32px]] [[Part_Defeaturing|Defeaturing]]: {{Version|0.18}}
* [[Image:Part Defeaturing.svg|32px]] [[Part_Defeaturing|Defeaturing]]:
* [[Image:Part_Section.svg|32px]] [[Part_Section|Section]]: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane
* [[Image:Part_Section.svg|32px]] [[Part_Section|Section]]: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane
* [[Image:Part_CrossSections.svg|32px]] [[Part_SectionCross|Cross sections...]]: Creates one or more cross-sections through a selected shape
* [[Image:Part_CrossSections.svg|32px]] [[Part_SectionCross|Cross sections...]]: Creates one or more cross-sections through a selected shape
* [[Image:Part Attachment.svg|32px]] [[Part Attachment|Attachment]]: attachment is a utility to attach an object to another one.
* [[Image:Part Attachment.svg|32px]] [[Part_Attachment|Attachment]]: attachment is a utility to attach an object to another one.


=== Measure ===
=== Measure ===
Line 134: Line 138:
** [[Image:Part_RefineShape.svg|32px]] [[Part_RefineShape|Refine shape]]: Cleans faces by removing unnecessary lines.
** [[Image:Part_RefineShape.svg|32px]] [[Part_RefineShape|Refine shape]]: Cleans faces by removing unnecessary lines.


* [[Image:Part_CheckGeometry.svg|32px]] [[Part CheckGeometry|Check geometry]]: Checks the geometry of selected objects for errors.
* [[Image:Part_CheckGeometry.svg|32px]] [[Part_CheckGeometry|Check geometry]]: Checks the geometry of selected objects for errors.
* [[Part_MakeFace|Make face from wires]]: Makes a face from a set of wires. {{Version|0.19}}


=== Context menu items ===
=== Context menu items ===


*[[Std_SetAppearance|Appearance]]: determines appearance of the whole part (color transparency etc.).
*[[Std_SetAppearance|Appearance]]: determines appearance of the whole part (color transparency etc.).
* [[File:Part_ColorFace.svg|32px]] [[Part_FaceColors|Set colors]]: assigns colors to part faces.
* [[File:Part_FaceColors.svg|32px]] [[Part_FaceColors|Set colors]]: assigns colors to part faces.


== 首选项 ==
== 首选项 ==
Line 166: Line 171:


{{Docnav
{{Docnav
|[[OpenSCAD Module|OpenSCAD Module]]
|[[OpenSCAD_Module|OpenSCAD Module]]
|[[PartDesign Workbench|PartDesign Workbench]]
|[[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign Workbench]]
|IconL=Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg
|IconL=Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg
|IconR=Workbench_PartDesign.svg
|IconR=Workbench_PartDesign.svg

Revision as of 20:31, 1 December 2020

Part workbench icon

简介

FreeCAD的实体建模能力都是基于 Open Cascade Technology (OCCT)内核——一种具有创建与处理高级3D几何体等特性的专业级CAD系统。零件工作台(Part Workbench)是一种建立于OCCT库之上的层级,为用户提供了访问OCCT几何图元与函数的功能。每种工作台(如底图工作台, 草图工作台, 零件设计工作台等等)的一切2D与3D绘制功能其实都是基于零件工作台暴露出的函数实现的。因此,可以认为零件工作台是FreeCAD建模功能的核心组件。

以零件工作台创建的对象相对简单;为了构建更为复杂的几何图形,可以为之运用布尔运算(并集与减运算)。此建模范式就是尽人皆知的构造实体几何 (CSG) 工作流程,它是早期CAD系统中所用的传统方法。另一方面,零件设计工作台(PartDesign Workbench)还提供了更为现代的工作流程来构建几何图形:它利用参数化方式来定义草图,再将其挤压成型为基本的实体对象,最后通过参数化变换(特征编辑)来修改模型,直到用户获取预期的最终模型为止。

零件对象比网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。

零件工作台是最基础的层级,它为FreeCAD中的其他工作台暴露出OCCT的各种绘制函数

工具

这些工具皆位于Part菜单。

图元

以下这些工具用于创建图元对象。

  • Box: 根据指定的规格绘制一个立方体
  • Cylinder: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆柱体
  • Sphere: 根据指定的规格绘制一个球体
  • Cone: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆锥体
  • Torus: 根据指定的规格绘制一个环面(torus)(圆环 (ring))
  • CreatePrimitives: 一种用于创建各类参数化几何图元的工具
  • Shapebuilder: 一种利用各种参数化几何图元创建更加复杂几何图形的工具

修改对象

这些工具用于修改已存在的对象。通过它们即可选取待修改的对象。

  • Extrude: 将对象的平面端面挤压成型
  • Revolve: 通过令一(非实体)对象绕某轴旋转来创建另一个实体对象
  • Mirror: 根据指定的镜面对选中的对象进行镜像操作
  • Fillet: 为对象的边倒(圆)角
  • Chamfer: 为对象的边倒角
  • Ruled Surface:
  • Loft: 对轮廓进行放样操作(放样成另一种轮廓)
  • Sweep: 沿路径对一个或多个轮廓进行扫描
  • Offset tools:
    • 3D Offset: 根据原始几何形状在特定的距离处构建一个平行的副本。
    • 2D Offset: 根据原始连线在特定的距离处创建一个平行的副本,或者缩放一个平面端面。(v0.17)
  • Thickness: 镂空一个实体,在选中的面上留下开口。
  • Projection on surface: 向表面上投影logo、文本或任意表面、连线、边。可以为投影部分创建一个示例或连线。(v0.19)
  • Booleans: 在对象上执行布尔运算
  • Union: 将两个对象融为一体 (并集)
  • Common: 提取出两个对象中的共有部分(交集)
  • Cut: 从一个对象中去掉另一个对象(差集)
  • Join features: smart booleans for walled objects (e.g., pipes).
    • Connect: Connects interiors of objects.
    • Embed: Embeds a walled object into another walled object.
    • Cutout: Creates a cutout in a wall of an object for another walled object.
  • Splitting tools:.
    • Boolean fragments: makes all the pieces that can be obtained by Boolean operations between objects.
    • Slice a part: tool to split shapes by intersection with other shapes
    • Slice: Splits an object into pieces by intersections with another object.
    • XOR: removes space shared by even number of objects (symmetric version of Cut).
  • Defeaturing:
  • Section: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane
  • Cross sections...: Creates one or more cross-sections through a selected shape
  • Attachment: attachment is a utility to attach an object to another one.

Measure

File:Part Measure Menu.png Measure: Allows linear and angular measurement between points, edges, and faces.

其他工具

  • Import CAD: 您可利用此工具为当前文档添加*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文档。
  • Export CAD: 您可利用此工具将一个零件对象导出至一个*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文件。
  • Shape from Mesh: 根据一个网格对象创建一个几何形状对象。
  • Convert to solid: 将一个几何形状对象转换为一个实体对象。
  • Reverse shapes: 调转选中对象所有表面上的法线方向。
  • File:Part CreateSimpleCopy.svg Create simple copy: 为选中的对象创建一个简单的副本。
  • Refine shape: 通过去除不必要的线条来清理表面。
  • Check geometry: 检测选中对象的几何体是否存在错误。
  • Measure: 令用户可以实现点/边/面间的线性测量与角度测量。
  • Attachment: 本工具的功能为令一个对象附着于另一对象之上。

Context menu items

  • Appearance: determines appearance of the whole part (color transparency etc.).
  • Set colors: assigns colors to part faces.

首选项

脚本

参见: 零件脚本

教程