零件模块

    From FreeCAD Documentation
    This page is a translated version of the page Part Module and the translation is 8% complete.
    Outdated translations are marked like this.
    Part workbench icon

    Introduction

    简介

    FreeCAD的实体建模能力都是基于 Open Cascade Technology (OCCT)内核——一种具有创建与处理高级3D几何体等特性的专业级CAD系统。零件工作台(Part Workbench)是一种建立于OCCT库之上的层级,为用户提供了访问OCCT几何图元与函数的功能。每种工作台(如底图工作台, 草图工作台, 零件设计工作台等等)的一切2D与3D绘制功能其实都是基于零件工作台暴露出的函数实现的。因此,可以认为零件工作台是FreeCAD建模功能的核心组件。

    A more detailed discussion of Part workbench versus Part Design workbench can be found here: Part and Part Design.

    以零件工作台创建的对象相对简单;为了构建更为复杂的几何图形,可以为之运用布尔运算(并集与减运算)。此建模范式就是尽人皆知的构造实体几何 (CSG) 工作流程,它是早期CAD系统中所用的传统方法。另一方面,零件设计工作台(PartDesign Workbench)还提供了更为现代的工作流程来构建几何图形:它利用参数化方式来定义草图,再将其挤压成型为基本的实体对象,最后通过参数化变换(特征编辑)来修改模型,直到用户获取预期的最终模型为止。

    零件对象比网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。

    Part Workbench relationships.svg

    零件工作台是最基础的层级,它为FreeCAD中的其他工作台暴露出OCCT的各种绘制函数

    工具

    这些工具皆位于Part菜单。

    图元

    以下这些工具用于创建图元对象。

    • Part Box.png Box: 根据指定的规格绘制一个立方体
    • Part Cylinder.png Cylinder: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆柱体
    • Part Sphere.png Sphere: 根据指定的规格绘制一个球体
    • Part Cone.png Cone: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆锥体
    • Part Torus.png Torus: 根据指定的规格绘制一个环面(torus)(圆环 (ring))
    • Part CreatePrimitives.png CreatePrimitives: 一种用于创建各类参数化几何图元的工具
    • Part Shapebuilder.png Shapebuilder: 一种利用各种参数化几何图元创建更加复杂几何图形的工具
    • Part Cone.svg Cone: Creates a cone.
    • Part Tube.svg Tube: Creates a tube.
    • Part Primitives.svg Create primitives...: A tool to create one of the following primitives:
      • Part Plane.svg Plane: Creates a plane.
      • Tree Part Box Parametric.svg Box: Creates a box. This object can also be created with the Part Box.svg Box tool.
      • Tree Part Cylinder Parametric.svg Cylinder: Creates a cylinder. This object can also be created with the Part Cylinder.svg Cylinder tool.
      • Tree Part Cone Parametric.svg Cone: Creates a cone. This object can also be created with the Part Cone.svg Cone tool.
      • Tree Part Sphere Parametric.svg Sphere: Creates a sphere. This object can also be created with the Part Sphere.svg Sphere tool.
      • Part Ellipsoid.svg Ellipsoid: Creates a ellipsoid.
      • Tree Part Torus Parametric.svg Torus: Creates a torus. This object can also be created with the Part Torus.svg Torus tool.
      • Part Prism.svg Prism: Creates a prism.
      • Part Wedge.svg Wedge: Creates a wedge.
      • Part Helix.svg Helix: Creates a helix.
      • Part Spiral.svg Spiral: Creates a spiral.
      • Part Circle.svg Circle: Creates a circular arc.
      • Part Ellipse.svg Ellipse: Creates an elliptical arc.
      • Part Point.svg Point: Creates a point.
      • Part Line.svg Line: Creates a line.
      • Part RegularPolygon.svg Regular polygon: Creates a regular polygon.

    修改对象

    这些工具用于修改已存在的对象。通过它们即可选取待修改的对象。

    • Part Extrude.png Extrude: 将对象的平面端面挤压成型
    • Part Revolve.png Revolve: 通过令一(非实体)对象绕某轴旋转来创建另一个实体对象
    • Part Mirror.png Mirror: 根据指定的镜面对选中的对象进行镜像操作
    • Part Fillet.png Fillet: 为对象的边倒(圆)角
    • Part Chamfer.png Chamfer: 为对象的边倒角
    • Part RuledSurface.png Ruled Surface:
    • Part Loft.png Loft: 对轮廓进行放样操作(放样成另一种轮廓)
    • Part Sweep.png Sweep: 沿路径对一个或多个轮廓进行扫描
    • Part Revolve.svg Revolve: Creates a solid by revolving an object (not a solid) around an axis.
    • Part Mirror.svg Mirror: Mirrors the selected object across a mirror plane.
    • Part Fillet.svg Fillet: Fillets (rounds) edges of an object.
    • Part Chamfer.svg Chamfer: Chamfers edges of an object.
    • Part Loft.svg Loft: Lofts from one profile to another.
    • Part Sweep.svg Sweep: Sweeps one or more profiles along a path.
    • Part Section.svg Section: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane.
    • Part CompOffsetTools.png Offset tools:
      • Part Offset.png 3D Offset: 根据原始几何形状在特定的距离处构建一个平行的副本。
      • Part Offset2D.png 2D Offset: 根据原始连线在特定的距离处创建一个平行的副本,或者缩放一个平面端面。(v0.17)
    • Part Thickness.png Thickness: 镂空一个实体,在选中的面上留下开口。
    • Part ProjectionOnSurface.png Projection on surface: 向表面上投影logo、文本或任意表面、连线、边。可以为投影部分创建一个示例或连线。(v0.19)
    • Part EditAttachment.svg Attachment: Attaches an object to another object.

    Boolean

    These tools perform boolean operations.

    • Part Boolean.svg Boolean: 在对象上执行布尔运算
    • Part Cut.svg Cut: Cuts (subtracts) one object from another.
    • Part Fuse.svg Fuse: Fuses (unions) two or more objects.
    • Part Common.svg Common: Extracts the common (intersection) part of two objects.
    • Part CompJoinFeatures.png Join features:
      • Part JoinConnect.svg Connect: Connects interiors of walled objects.
      • Part JoinEmbed.svg Embed: Embeds a walled object into another walled object.
      • Part JoinCutout.svg Cutout: Creates a cutout in a wall of an object for another walled object.
    • Part CompSplittingTools.png Splitting tools:
      • Part BooleanFragments.svg Boolean fragments: Creates all pieces obtained from Boolean operations.
      • Part SliceApart.svg Slice apart: Slices and splits an object by intersecting it with other objects.
      • Part Slice.svg Slice: Slices an object by intersecting it with other objects.
      • Part XOR.svg XOR: Removes space shared by an even number of objects.

    Measure

    其他工具

    • Part Import.svg Import: 您可利用此工具为当前文档添加*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文档。
    • Part Export.svg Export: Exports to *.IGES, *.STEP, or *.BREP files.

    Context menu items

    • Std SetAppearance.svg Appearance: Determines the appearance of a whole object (color, transparency etc.).
    • Part FaceColors.svg Set colors: Assigns colors to individual faces of objects.

    首选项

    脚本

    参见: 零件脚本

    教程