Part Module/zh-cn
简介
FreeCAD的实体建模能力都是基于 Open Cascade Technology (OCCT)内核——一种具有创建与处理高级3D几何体等特性的专业级CAD系统。零件工作台(Part Workbench)是一种建立于OCCT库之上的层级,为用户提供了访问OCCT几何图元与函数的功能。每种工作台(如底图工作台, 草图工作台, 零件设计工作台等等)的一切2D与3D绘制功能其实都是基于零件工作台暴露出的函数实现的。因此,可以认为零件工作台是FreeCAD建模功能的核心组件。
以零件工作台创建的对象相对简单;为了构建更为复杂的几何图形,可以为之运用布尔运算(并集与减运算)。此建模范式就是尽人皆知的构造实体几何 (CSG) 工作流程,它是早期CAD系统中所用的传统方法。另一方面,零件设计工作台(PartDesign Workbench)还提供了更为现代的工作流程来构建几何图形:它利用参数化方式来定义草图,再将其挤压成型为基本的实体对象,最后通过参数化变换(特征编辑)来修改模型,直到用户获取预期的最终模型为止。
零件对象比网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。
零件工作台是最基础的层级,它为FreeCAD中的其他工作台暴露出OCCT的各种绘制函数
工具
这些工具皆位于Part菜单。
图元
以下这些工具用于创建图元对象。
- Box: 根据指定的规格绘制一个立方体
- Cylinder: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆柱体
- Sphere: 根据指定的规格绘制一个球体
- Cone: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆锥体
- Torus: 根据指定的规格绘制一个环面(torus)(圆环 (ring))
- CreatePrimitives: 一种用于创建各类参数化几何图元的工具
- Shapebuilder: 一种利用各种参数化几何图元创建更加复杂几何图形的工具
修改对象
这些工具用于修改已存在的对象。通过它们即可选取待修改的对象。
- Thickness: 镂空一个实体,在选中的面上留下开口。
- Projection on surface: 向表面上投影logo、文本或任意表面、连线、边。可以为投影部分创建一个示例或连线。(v0.19)
- Compound Tools:
- Make compound: Creates a compound from the selected objects.
- Explode Compound: Tool to split up compounds of shapes
- Compound Filter: The CompoundFilter can be used to extract the individual pieces.
- Join features: smart booleans for walled objects (e.g., pipes).
- Splitting tools:.
- Boolean fragments: makes all the pieces that can be obtained by Boolean operations between objects.
- Slice a part: tool to split shapes by intersection with other shapes
- Slice: Splits an object into pieces by intersections with another object.
- XOR: removes space shared by even number of objects (symmetric version of Cut).
- Defeaturing:
- Section: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane
- Cross sections...: Creates one or more cross-sections through a selected shape
- Attachment: attachment is a utility to attach an object to another one.
Measure
File:Part Measure Menu.png Measure: Allows linear and angular measurement between points, edges, and faces.
- Measure Linear allows you to make linear measurements.
- Measure Angular allows you to make angular measurements.
- Measure Refresh updates the measurements on screen.
- Clear All Clears all measurements.
- Toggle All shows or hides all measurements.
- File:Part Measure Toggle 3d.svg Toggle 3D shows or hides 3D measurements.
- Toggle Delta shows or hides delta measurements.
其他工具
- Import CAD: 您可利用此工具为当前文档添加*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文档。
- Export CAD: 您可利用此工具将一个零件对象导出至一个*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文件。
- Shape from Mesh: 根据一个网格对象创建一个几何形状对象。
- Convert to solid: 将一个几何形状对象转换为一个实体对象。
- Reverse shapes: 调转选中对象所有表面上的法线方向。
- File:Part CreateSimpleCopy.svg Create simple copy: 为选中的对象创建一个简单的副本。
- Refine shape: 通过去除不必要的线条来清理表面。
- Check geometry: 检测选中对象的几何体是否存在错误。
- Measure: 令用户可以实现点/边/面间的线性测量与角度测量。
- Attachment: 本工具的功能为令一个对象附着于另一对象之上。
- Create a copy:
- Create simple copy: Creates a simple copy of the selected object.
- Create transformed copy: creates a transformed copy of the selected object. introduced in version 0.19
- Create shape element copy: creates a copy from an element (vertex, edge, face) of the selected object. introduced in version 0.19
- Refine shape: Cleans faces by removing unnecessary lines.
- Check geometry: Checks the geometry of selected objects for errors.
- Make face from wires: Makes a face from a set of wires. introduced in version 0.19
- Appearance: determines appearance of the whole part (color transparency etc.).
- Set colors: assigns colors to part faces.
首选项
- Preference ... 导入 导出
脚本
参见: 零件脚本
教程
- 从STL或OBJ文件中导入数据 : 如何在FreeCAD中导入STL/OBJ文件。
- 导出STL或OBJ文件 : 如何从FreeCAD中导出STL/OBJ文件
- Whiffle球教程 : 如何使用零件模块
- Import from STL or OBJ : How to import STL/OBJ files in FreeCAD
- Export to STL or OBJ : How to export STL/OBJ files from FreeCAD
- Whiffle Ball tutorial : How to use the Part Module
- Primitives: Box, Cylinder, Sphere, Cone, Torus, Tube, Create primitives, Shape builder
- Creation and modification: Extrude, Revolve, Mirror, Scale, Fillet, Chamfer, Make face from wires, Ruled Surface, Loft, Sweep, Section, Cross sections, 3D Offset, 2D Offset, Thickness, Projection on surface, Attachment
- Boolean: Make compound, Explode Compound, Compound Filter, Boolean, Cut, Fuse, Common, Connect, Embed, Cutout, Boolean fragments, Slice apart, Slice, XOR
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Assembly, BIM, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub