Draft Workbench/ja
Introduction
製図ワークベンチを使うと現在のドキュメントにシンプルな2Dオブジェクトを手軽に描くことができます。また描いた後でそれらを変更するためのツールもいくつか用意されています。ツールの一部は製図ワークベンチで作成したものだけでなく他のFreeCADオブジェクト全てに対して使用することができます。また完璧に動作するスナップシステムやオブジェクトと設定を管理するためのいくつかのユーティリティも提供されています。
The created 2D objects can be used for general drafting in a way similar as is done with Inkscape or Autocad. These 2D shapes can also be used as the base components of 3D objects created with other workbenches, for example, the Part and Arch Workbenches. Conversion of Draft objects to Sketches is also possible, which means that the shapes can also be used with the PartDesign Workbench for the creation of solid bodies.
FreeCAD is primarily a 3D modelling application, and thus its 2D tools aren't as advanced as in other drawing programs. If your primary goal is the production of complex 2D drawings and DXF files, and you don't need 3D modelling, you may wish to consider a dedicated software program for technical drafting such as LibreCAD, QCad, or others.
作図オブジェクト
オブジェクトを作成するためのツールです。
- 2点線分: 2点からなる線分を描きます
- ワイヤー(複数の点からなる線分): 複数点の線分で作られる線を描きます
- 円: 中心と半径から円を描きます
- 円弧: 中心、半径、開始角度と終了角度から円弧を描きます
- Ellipse: Draws an ellipse from two corner points
- 多角形: 中心、半径、辺数から正多角形を描く
- 四角形: 2つの対点から四角形を描きます
- テキスト: 複数行のテキストの注釈を描きます
- 寸法: 寸法の注釈を描きます
- B-スプライン: 点列からB-スプラインを描きます
- 点: 点オブジェクトを挿入します
- ShapeString: The ShapeString tool inserts a compound shape representing a text string at a given point in the current document
- Facebinder: Creates a new object from selected faces on existing objects
- Bezier Curve: Draws a Bezier curve from a series of points
- Label: Places a label with an arrow pointing to a selected element introduced in version 0.17
Annotation objects
- Text: draws a multi-line text annotation.
- Dimension: draws a dimension annotation.
- Label: places a label with an arrow pointing to a selected element. introduced in version 0.17
- Annotation style editor: opens an editor to change the annotation style of these objects. introduced in version 0.19
オブジェクトの変更
既存のオブジェクトを変更するためのツールです。これらのツールは選択したオブジェクトに対して動作します。もしオブジェクトを選択していない場合にはオブジェクトを選択するように促します。
Many operation tools (move, rotate, array, etc.) also work on solid objects (Part, PartDesign, Arch, etc.).
- 移動: オブジェクト(複数可)をある位置から別の位置へ移動します
- 回転: 開始角から終了角へのオブジェクト(複数可)を回転します
- オフセット: オブジェクトの線分を一定の距離だけ移動します
- トリム/延長: オブジェクトをトリムまたは延長します
- アップグレード: オブジェクトを結合し、1階層上のオブジェクトにします
- ダウングレード: オブジェクトを解体し、1階層下のオブジェクトにします
- スケール: 選択したオブジェクト(複数可)を基点を中心にスケールします
- 編集: 選択したオブジェクトを編集します
- ワイヤーからB-スプラインへ: ワイヤーからB-スプラインへの変換、またその逆変換を行います
- 点の追加: ワイヤーまたはB-スプラインへ点を追加します
- 点の削除: ワイヤーまたはB-スプラインから点を削除します
- 2Dビュー成形: 別の3Dオブジェクトの平面化2Dビューであるような2Dオブジェクトを作成します
- ドラフトからスケッチへ: ラフトオブジェクトをSketcher Workbenchスケッチに変換します。
- 配列: 選択されたオブジェクトを円形または矩形に並べた配列を作成します
- Path Array: Creates an array of objects by placing the copies along a path
- Point Array: Creates an array of objects by placing the copies at certain points introduced in version 0.18
- 複製: 選択されたオブジェクトを複製します
- Drawing: Writes selected objects to a Drawing Workbench page
- Mirror: Mirrors the selected objects
- Stretch: Stretches the selected objects Template:Version/jp
- Clone: clones the selected objects.
- Array tools.
- Ortho Array: creates an orthogonal array from the selected object. It can also create App Link copies. introduced in version 0.19
- Polar Array: creates an array in a polar pattern, that is, sweeping an angle. It can also create App Link copies. introduced in version 0.19
- Circular Array: creates an array in a circular pattern, that is, starting from a center and moving outwards radially. It can also create App Link copies. introduced in version 0.19
- Path Array: creates an array of objects by placing the copies along a path.
- Path LinkArray: like Path Array, but creates App Links instead of regular copies. introduced in version 0.19
- Point Array: creates an array of objects by placing the copies at certain points. introduced in version 0.18
- Point LinkArray: like Point Array, but creates App Links instead of regular copies. introduced in version 0.19
- Edit: edits a selected object.
- Subelement highlight: enters an edit mode that allows editing different objects. introduced in version 0.19
- Join: joins lines together into a single wire. introduced in version 0.18
- Split: splits a wire into two at a point. introduced in version 0.18
- Upgrade: upgrades objects into a higher-level object.
- Downgrade: downgrades objects into lower-level objects.
- Wire to BSpline: converts a wire to a B-Spline and vice-versa.
- Draft to Sketch: converts a Draft object to a Sketcher Workbench Sketch and vice-versa.
- Slope: changes the elevation slope of the currently selected Draft Line or Draft Wire. introduced in version 0.17
- Flip Dimension: flips the orientation of the text of a Draft Dimension.
- Shape 2D View: creates a 2D object which is a flattened 2D view of a 3D object.
Obsolete
This command is considered obsolete because the Drawing Workbench is obsolete. However, the command itself is still available.
- Drawing: writes selected objects to a Drawing Workbench page. obsolete in version 0.17
These commands have been removed from the interface.
- Add point: adds a point to a wire or B-Spline. obsolete in version 0.19
- Delete point: deletes a point from a wire or B-Spline. obsolete in version 0.19
- Array: creates a polar or rectangular array from selected objects. obsolete in version 0.19
Draft Tray toolbar
The Draft tray toolbar appears when the workbench is started, and allows selecting the working plane, together with some visual properties like the line color, shape color, text size, line width, and automatic group.
- Set working plane: sets a working plane from a standard view or a selected face.
- Toggle construction mode: toggles the Draft construction mode on or off.
- AutoGroup: automatically place new objects in a given Std Group, Draft Layer, or one of the group-like objects of the Arch Workbench, like Arch BuildingPart. introduced in version 0.17
- Apply style: applies the current style and color to selected objects.
Draft Snap toolbar
The Draft Snap toolbar allows selecting the currently snapping mode. Its button keep depressed when a mode is active.
- Toggle snap: toggles object snapping globally on or off.
- Endpoint: snaps to the endpoints of line, arc and spline segments.
- Midpoint: snaps to the middle point of line and arc segments.
- Center: snaps to the center point of arcs and circles.
- Angle: snaps to the special cardinal points of circles and arcs, at 45° and 90°.
- Intersection: snaps to the intersection of two line or arc segments. Hover the mouse over the two desired objects to activate their intersection snaps.
- Perpendicular: on line and arc segments, snaps perpendicularly to the latest point.
- Extension: snaps on an imaginary line that extends beyond the endpoints of line segments. Hover the mouse over the desired object to activate its extension snap.
- Parallel: snaps on an imaginary line parallel to a line segment. Hover the mouse over the desired object to activate its parallel snap.
- Special: snaps on special points defined by the object. introduced in version 0.17
- Near: snaps to the closest point or edge on the nearest object.
- Ortho: snaps on imaginary lines that cross the last point, and extend at 0°, 45° and 90°.
- Grid: snaps to the intersections of the grid lines, if the grid is visible.
- Working plane: always places the snapped point on the current working plane, even if you snap to a point outside that working plane.
- Dimensions: shows temporary X and Y dimensions while snapping.
- Toggle grid: toggles the visibility of the grid on or off.
ユーティリティーツール
- Layer: creates a Layer in the current document, to which objects can be added to control object visibility and color. It replaces VisGroup. introduced in version 0.19
- Working Plane Proxy: create a proxy object to store the current Working Plane position. introduced in version 0.17
- Toggle display mode: switches the display mode of selected objects between "Flat Lines" and "Wireframe".
- Add to group: quickly adds selected objects to an existing Std Group or Draft VisGroup.
- Select group contents: selects the contents of a selected Std Group or Draft VisGroup.
- Add to Construction group: add selected objects to the Construction group. introduced in version 0.17
- Heal: heals problematic Draft objects found in very old files.
右クリックのコンテキストメニューから利用可能な追加ツールです。選択されているオブジェクトに依存して変わります。
- 作業平面の設定: 標準ビューまたは選択された面から作業平面を設定します
- ラインを終了: ワイヤー、B-スプラインの描画をラインが閉じないで終了します
- ラインを閉じる: ワイヤー、B-スプラインの描画をラインを閉じて終了します
- ラインをアンドゥ: ラインの最後の区間をアンドゥします
- 作成モードの切り替え: ドラフト作成モードのオン/オフを切り替えます
- 継続モードの切り替え: ドラフト継続モードのオン/オフを切り替えます
- File:Draft ApplyStyle.png スタイルを適用: 選択されたオブジェクトに現在のスタイルと色を適用します
- 表示モードの切り替え: 選択されたオブジェクトの表示モードを"フラットライン"または"ワイヤーフレーム"に切り替えます
- グループに追加: ただちに選択されたオブジェクトを既存のグループに追加します
- グループの中身を選択: 選択されたグループの中身を選択します
- File:Draft ToggleSnap.png スナップの切り替え: オブジェクトのスナップのオン/オフを切り替えます
- File:Draft ToggleGrid.png グリッドの切り替え: グリッドのオン/オフを切り替えます
- File:Draft ShowSnapBar.png スナップバーを表示: スナップツールバーの表示/非表示を切り替えます
- Heal: Heals problematic Draft objects found in very old files
- Flip Dimension: Flips the orientation of the text of a dimension
- File:Draft VisGroup.png VisGroup: Creates a VisGroup in the current document
- File:Draft Slope.png Slope: Changes the slope of selected Lines or Wires Template:Version/jp
- AutoGroup: Automatically place new objects in a given group Template:Version/jp
- File:Draft SetWorkingPlaneProxy.png Set Working Plane Proxy: Add a proxy object in the document to store a Working Plane position Template:Version/jp
- Add to Construction group: Add selected objects to the Construction group introduced in version 0.17
Obsolete
These tools were removed from the interface in v0.19 because they no longer had any purpose.
- VisGroup: creates a VisGroup in the current document. This was replaced by Layer. obsolete in version 0.19
- Finish line: ends the drawing of the current Draft Wire or Draft BSpline, without closing it. obsolete in version 0.19
- Close line: ends the drawing of the current Draft Wire or Draft BSpline, and closes it. obsolete in version 0.19
- Undo line: undoes the last segment of a Draft Wire. obsolete in version 0.19
環境設定
- 製図モジュールには専用の環境設定ドラフトワークベンチで利用可能な設定。
ファイル形式
製図モジュールによってFreeCADは以下のファイル形式をインポート、エクスポートできるようになっています。
- Autodesk .DXF: 2D-CADアプリケーションを使って作成されたDrawing Exchange Formatファイルのインポートとエクスポート
- SVG(形状): ベクター描画アプリケーションを使って作成されたScalable Vector Graphicsファイルのインポートとエクスポート
- Open Cad format .OCA: OCA/GCADファイルのインポートとエクスポート。将来的な可能性を秘めた新しい オープンなCADファイル形式です
- Airfoil Data Format .DAT: 翼型断面の記述に使用されるDATファイルのインポート
- Autodesk .DWG: Import and exports DWG files via the DXF importer, when the ODA Converter utility is installed.
- FreeCAD and DWG Import: Import and exports DWG files
- FreeCAD and DXF Import: Import and exports DXF files
Install importers
- FreeCAD and DWG Import: Imports and exports DWG files
- FreeCAD and DXF Import: Imports and exports DXF files
追加機能
- スナッピング: 既存オブジェクトの特定位置に新しい点を配置できます
- 拘束: 既存の点に対して相対的な水平位置、垂直位置を指定して新しい点を配置できます
- 座標入力での作業: 画面クリックの代わりに手動で座標を入力できます
- Working plane: Allows you to define a plane in the 3D space, where next operations will take place
Unit tests
See also: Test Workbench.
To run the unit tests of the workbench execute the following from the operating system terminal.
freecad -t TestDraft
スクリプト処理
製図モジュール機能には完全な製図用APIがあり、スクリプトやマクロからその機能を使用することができます
The workbench includes a module to create samples of all objects in a new document. introduced in version 0.19
Use this to test that all objects are produced correctly.
import drafttests.draft_test_objects as dto
doc = dto.create_test_file()
Inspecting the code of this module is useful to understand how to use the programming interface.
$INSTALLDIR/Mod/Draft/drafttests/draft_test_objects.py
Where $INSTALLDIR
is the toplevel directory where the software was installed; for example, in Linux it may be /usr/share/freecad
.
Test objects for the Draft Workbench.
Tutorials
- Drafting: Line, Polyline, Fillet, Arc, Arc by 3 points, Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon, B-spline, Cubic Bézier curve, Bézier curve, Point, Facebinder, ShapeString, Hatch
- Annotation: Text, Dimension, Label, Annotation styles, Annotation scale
- Modification: Move, Rotate, Scale, Mirror, Offset, Trimex, Stretch, Clone, Array, Polar array, Circular array, Path array, Path link array, Point array, Point link array, Edit, Subelement highlight, Join, Split, Upgrade, Downgrade, Wire to B-spline, Draft to sketch, Set slope, Flip dimension, Shape 2D view
- Draft Tray: Select plane, Set style, Toggle construction mode, AutoGroup
- Snapping: Snap lock, Snap endpoint, Snap midpoint, Snap center, Snap angle, Snap intersection, Snap perpendicular, Snap extension, Snap parallel, Snap special, Snap near, Snap ortho, Snap grid, Snap working plane, Snap dimensions, Toggle grid
- Miscellaneous: Apply current style, Layer, Manage layers, Add a new named group, Move to group, Select group, Add to construction group, Toggle normal/wireframe display, Create working plane proxy, Heal, Show snap toolbar
- Additional: Constraining, Pattern, Preferences, Import Export Preferences, DXF/DWG, SVG, OCA, DAT
- Context menu:
- Layer container: Merge layer duplicates, Add new layer
- Layer: Activate this layer, Select layer contents
- Text: Open hyperlinks
- Wire: Flatten
- Working plane proxy: Write camera position, Write objects state
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Assembly, BIM, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Material, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub