Ambiente de trabajo BIM

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Revision as of 18:36, 13 June 2024 by FuzzyBot (talk | contribs) (Updating to match new version of source page)
In v1.0 the BIM, Native-IFC and Arch Workbenches have been merged into the integrated BIM Workbench.
This page has been updated for that version.
El icono del Ambiente de trabajo BIM

Introducción

The BIM Workbench provides a modern Building Information Modelling workflow in FreeCAD, with fully parametric objects such as walls, beams, roofs, windows, stairs, pipes, and furniture. It supports Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) files, and the production of 2D plans in combination with the TechDraw Workbench.

The BIM Workbench imports tools from the Draft Workbench, as it uses its 2D objects to build 3D parametric objects. But it can also use solid shapes created with other workbenches like Part and PartDesign.

Véase Guía de migración a FreeCAD BIM para una rápida visión general si ya eres usuario de otra aplicación BIM.

Los desarrolladores de Draft, Arch y BIM también colaboran con la gran OSArch community, con el objetivo final de mejorar el diseño de los edificios mediante el uso de software totalmente libre.

Cómo empezar

Al iniciar el ambiente de trabajo BIM por primera vez, se muestra un cuadro de diálogo de bienvenida que ofrece una rápida visión general de cómo funciona el banco de trabajo y permite al usuario iniciar un tutorial dentro del juego. El diálogo de bienvenida también está disponible en el menú ayuda. Cuando la pantalla de bienvenida se cierra haciendo clic en OK, se mostrará el diálogo Configuración BIM, que permite al usuario configurar rápidamente algunas de las preferencias más comunes de FreeCAD relacionadas con BIM sin necesidad de navegar por las páginas completas de preferencias de FreeCAD.

La herramienta Configuración del proyecto BIM le permite configurar rápidamente un proyecto BIM rellenando algunos datos básicos sobre su proyecto. A continuación, puede utilizar, por ejemplo, las diferentes herramientas de dibujo 2D para trazar directrices y líneas de base, y luego utilizar las diferentes herramientas de modelado 3D para construir automáticamente objetos BIM 3D a partir de ellos. Una línea, por ejemplo, puede convertirse en un muro simplemente seleccionándola y pulsando el botón Muro.

Si estás acostumbrado a otra aplicación BIM, consulta nuestra Tabla de compatibilidad de aplicaciones BIM para obtener tus notas al empezar con FreeCAD.

The in-game tutorial is an easy way to quickly get on track with the BIM workbench.

Herramientas

The BIM workbench gathers tools from several other FreeCAD workbenches, mainly Draft and Part, roughly reorganized in logical categories.

Además, si se instalan estos addons, las herramientas de Refuerzo (herramientas para barras de refuerzo adicionales), Fijadores (pernos y tornillos), Flamingo/Dodo (herramientas de estructura metálica y tuberías) y Biblioteca de piezas se incluyen automáticamente en el ambiente de trabajo BIM.

El ambiente de trabajo BIM también añade una serie de elementos en la barra de estado de FreeCAD, y un par de elementos del menú contextual', accesibles haciendo clic con el botón derecho en la vista 3D o en la vista de árbol.

2D Elaboración

Los objetos 2D se utilizan habitualmente como ayudas al dibujo, o para dibujar líneas y perfiles base sobre los que construir objetos BIM. También pueden utilizarse para dibujar símbolos y anotaciones en el modelo. Aparte de los bocetos, que utilizan su propio sistema de coordenadas, los objetos 2D se dibujarán en el plano de trabajo actual.

  • Sketch: Creates‎ a new sketch and enters sketch edit mode. Sketches are advanced 2D objects with constraints support.
  • Line: Creates a straight line.
  • Polyline: Creates a polyline (also called wire), a sequence of several connected line segments.
  • Circle: Creates a circle from a center and a radius.
  • Arc: Creates a circular arc from a center, a radius, a start angle and an aperture angle.
  • Arc by 3 points: Creates a circular arc from three points that define its circumference.
  • Fillet: Creates a fillet, a rounded corner, or a chamfer, a straight edge, between two Draft Lines.
  • Ellipse: Creates an ellipse from two points defining a rectangle in which the ellipse will fit.
  • Polygon: Creates a regular polygon from a center and a radius.
  • Rectangle: Creates a rectangle from two points.
  • B-spline: Creates a B-spline curve from several points.
  • Point: Creates a simple point.

3D/BIM

Los objetos 3D y BIM son los elementos del mundo real que compondrán tu proyecto BIM.

  • Project: Creates a project including selected objects.
  • Site: Creates a site including selected objects.
  • Building: Creates a building including selected objects.
  • Level: Creates a floor including selected objects.
  • Space: Creates a space object.
  • Wall: Creates a wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
  • Curtain Wall: Creates a curtain wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
  • Column: Creates a vertical structural element at a given point, optionally using a selected object as a profile.
  • Beam: Creates a horizontal structural element between two points, optionally using a selected object as a profile.
  • Slab: Creates a flat structural element by extruding a selected flat object.
  • Door: Creates a Window object using door presets.
  • Window: Creates a window from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
  • Pipe: Creates a pipe.
  • Connector: Creates a corner or T-connection between 2 or 3 selected pipes.
  • Stairs: Creates a stairs object.
  • Roof: Creates a sloped roof from a selected wire.
  • Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.
  • Frame: Creates a frame object from a selected layout.
  • Fence: Creates a fence object from a selected post and path.
  • Truss: Creates a truss from a selected line or from scratch.
  • Equipment: Creates an equipment or furniture object.
  • Reinforcement tools:
These tools, except the first, are only available if the Reinforcement Workbench has been installed.
  • Custom Rebar: Creates a custom reinforcement bar in a selected structural element using a sketch.
  • Straight Rebar: Creates a straight reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • U-Shape Rebar: Creates a U-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • L-Shape Rebar: Creates an L-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • Stirrup: Creates a stirrup reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • Bent-Shape Rebar: Creates a bent-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • Helical Rebar: Creates a helical reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.
  • Generic 3D tools:
These tools build generic 3D objects that can be turned or used into BIM components.
  • Profile: Creates a parametric 2D profile.
  • Box: Creates a box by specifying its dimensions graphically.
  • Shape builder...: Creates more complex shapes from various geometric primitives.
  • Facebinder: creates a surface object from selected faces.
  • Component: Creates a non-parametric Arch component.

Anotación

Anotaciones son objetos de ayuda visual que se pueden colocar dentro de su modelo. Pueden utilizarse para exportar su modelo directamente a un formato 2D como DXF, o reutilizarse al crear vistas 2D de su modelo con el TechDraw ambiente de trabajo.

  • Label: Creates a multi-line text with a 2-segment leader line and an arrow.
  • Axis: Adds a 1-direction array of axes.
  • Axis System: Adds an axis system composed of several axes.
  • Grid: Adds a grid-like object.
  • Hatch: Creates hatches on the planar faces of a selected object.

Snapping

This menu contains the Draft Snap tools as well as the following tools:

Modify

  • Move: Moves or copies selected objects from one point to another.
  • Copy: Copies selected objects from one point to another.
  • Rotate: Rotates or copies selected objects around a center point by a given angle.
  • Clone: Clones selected objects.
  • Offset: Offsets each segment of a selected object over a given distance, or creates an offset copy of the selected object.
  • 2D Offset...: Constructs a parallel wire at a given distance from the original, or enlarges/shrinks a planar face (parametric version). This is the same tool as Part Offset2D.
  • Trimex: Trims or extends a selected object.
  • Scale: Scales or copies selected objects around a base point.
  • Stretch: Stretches objects by moving selected points.
  • Upgrade: Upgrades selected objects.
  • Array: Creates an orthogonal array from a selected object. It can optionally create a Link array.
  • Path array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies along a path.
  • Circular array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies along concentric circumferences. It can optionally create a Link array.
  • Point array: Creates an array from a selected object by placing copies at the points from a point compound.
  • Mirror: Creates mirrored copies from selected objects.

Manage

  • BIM Setup...: Configures some of the FreeCAD preferences most commonly used for BIM.
  • Views manager: Manage the different views and levels of your project.
  • Schedule: Creates different types of schedules.
  • Annotation styles...: Allows you to define styles that affect the visual properties of annotation-like objects.

Utils

  • Split Mesh: Splits a selected mesh into separate components.
  • Mesh to Shape: Converts a mesh into a shape, unifying coplanar faces.
  • Close holes: Closes holes in a selected shape-based object.
  • Check: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects.
  • Survey: Enters or leaves surveying mode.
  • Panel tools:
  • Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.
  • Panel Cut: Creates a 2D cut view from a panel.
  • Panel Sheet: Creates a 2D cut sheet including panel cuts or other 2D objects.
  • Nest: Allows to nest several flat objects inside a container shape.
  • Structure tools:
  • Structure: Creates a structural element from scratch or using a selected object as a base.
  • Nudge:

Status bar

TBD

Tree view context menu

TBD

3D view context menu

TBD

Obsolete tools

  • Arch 3Views: Creates top, front and side views from a mesh. Not available in version 1.0 and above.
  • Arch Project: Creates a project including selected objects. Not available in version 1.0 and above. Use BIM Project instead.

Preferences

  • Preferences: General preferences for the BIM Workbench.
  • Fine tuning: Extra parameters to fine-tune BIM behavior.

File formats

  • IFC: industry foundation classes
  • DAE: Collada mesh format
  • OBJ: OBJ mesh format (export only)
  • JSON: JavaScript Object Notation format (export only)
  • 3DS: 3DS format (import only)
  • SHP: GIS Shapefiles (import only)

API

The Arch module can be used in Python scripts and macros using the Arch Python API functions.

Tutoriales y aprendizaje