Draft BSpline/ru: Difference between revisions

From FreeCAD Documentation
(Updating to match new version of source page)
(Updating to match new version of source page)
 
(32 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<languages/>
<languages/>

{{docnav|[[Draft_Dimension|Dimension]]|[[Draft_Point|Point]]|[[Draft_Module|Draft_Module]]}}
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
{{Docnav/ru
|[[Draft_Polygon/ru|Многоугольник, Полигон]]
|[[Draft_CubicBezCurve/ru|CubicBezCurve]]
|[[Draft_Workbench/ru|Верстак "Draft"]]
|IconL=Draft_Polygon.svg
|IconR=Draft_CubicBezCurve.svg
|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg
}}
</div>


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Line 6: Line 16:
|Name=Draft BSpline
|Name=Draft BSpline
|Name/ru=Draft BSpline
|Name/ru=Draft BSpline
|Workbenches=[[Draft Module/ru|Draft]], [[Arch Module/ru|Arch]]
|MenuLocation=Черчение → B-сплайн
|MenuLocation=Черчение → B-сплайн
|Workbenches=[[Draft_Workbench/ru|Draft]], [[Arch_Workbench/ru|Arch]]
|Shortcut=B S
|Shortcut={{KEY|B}} {{KEY|S}}
|SeeAlso=[[Draft Wire|DWire]]
|SeeAlso=[[Draft Wire|DWire]]
}}
}}
</div>
</div>

<span id="Description"></span>
==Описание==


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
== Описание ==
Инструмент BSpline создает кривую [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-spline B-Spline] из нескольких точек текущей [[Draft SelectPlane|work plane]]. Он берет [[Draft Linestyle|linewidth and color]] , предварительно установленный на вкладке «Задачи». Инструмент BSpline ведет себя точно так же, как инструмент [[Draft Wire]].
Инструмент BSpline создает кривую [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-spline B-Spline] из нескольких точек текущей [[Draft SelectPlane|work plane]]. Он берет [[Draft Linestyle|linewidth and color]] , предварительно установленный на вкладке «Задачи». Инструмент BSpline ведет себя точно так же, как инструмент [[Draft Wire]].
</div>
</div>


The Draft BSpline command specifies the {{Emphasis|exact points}} through which the curve will pass. The [[Draft BezCurve|Draft BezCurve]] and the [[Draft_CubicBezCurve|Draft CubicBezCurve]] commands, on the other hand, use {{Emphasis|control points}} to define the position and curvature of the spline.
The BSpline tool behaves like the [[Draft Wire]] tool, except that each of its segments is curved instead of being a straight line. Use [[Draft WireToBSpline]] to convert one to the other.

The BSpline tool specifies the exact points through which the curve will go; on the other hand the [[Draft BezCurve]] tool uses {{Emphasis|control points}} to define the direction of the curve. To create exact circular or elliptical curves, use [[Draft Arc]] and [[Draft Ellipse]].


[[Image:Draft_bspline_example.jpg|400px]]
[[Image:Draft_bspline_example.jpg|400px]]
{{Caption|Сплайн сформированный несколькими точками}}
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
[[Image:Draft_bspline_example.jpg|400px]]
</div>


<span id="Usage"></span>
==How to use==
==Применение==
# Press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft BSpline.png|16px]] [[Draft BSpline]]}} button, or press {{KEY|B}} then {{KEY|S}} keys
# Click a first point on the 3D view, or type a [[Draft_Coordinates|coordinate]] and press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] [[Draft_AddPoint|add point]]}} button.
# Click additional points on the 3D view, or type a [[Draft_Coordinates|coordinate]] and press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] [[Draft_AddPoint|add point]]}} button.
# Press {{KEY|Esc}} or the {{Button|Close}} button to complete the edition.


See also: [[Draft_Tray|Draft Tray]], [[Draft_Snap|Draft Snap]] and [[Draft_Constrain|Draft Constrain]].
The spline can be edited by double clicking on the element in the tree view, or by pressing the {{Button|[[Image:Draft Edit.png|16px]] [[Draft Edit]]}} button. Then you can move the points to a new position, or click {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] [[Draft_AddPoint|add point]]}} or {{Button|[[Image:Draft_DelPoint.svg|16px]] [[Draft_DelPoint|remove point]]}} and then click on the wire to add or remove points.


# There are several ways to invoke the command:
==Options==
* Press {{KEY|A}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft FinishLine.png|12px]] [[Draft_FinishLine|Finish]]}} button to finish the spline, leaving it open.
#* Press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_BSpline.svg|16px]] [[Draft_BSpline|B-spline]]}} button.
#* Select the {{MenuCommand|Drafting → [[Image:Draft_BSpline.svg|16px]] B-spline}} option from the menu.
* Press {{KEY|O}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft CloseLine.png|12px]] [[Draft_CloseLine|Close]]}} button to close the spline, that is, a curve will be added from the last point to the first one to form a face. At least three points are required to form a face.
#* Use the keyboard shortcut: {{KEY|B}} then {{KEY|S}}.
* Press {{KEY|W}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft Wipe.svg|12px]] [[Draft_Wipe|Wipe]]}} button to remove the curve segments already placed, but keep editing the spline from the last point.
# The {{MenuCommand|B-spline}} task panel opens. See [[#Options|Options]] for more information.
* Press {{KEY|U}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft SelectPlane.svg|12px]] [[Draft_SelectPlane|Set WP]]}} button to adjust the current working plane in the orientation of the last point.
# Pick the first point in the [[3D_view|3D view]], or type coordinates and press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] Enter point}} button.
* Press {{KEY|X}}, {{KEY|Y}} or {{KEY|Z}} after a point to constrain the next point on the given axis.
* To enter coordinates manually, simply enter the numbers, then press {{KEY|Enter}} between each X, Y and Z component. You can press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] [[Draft_AddPoint|add point]]}} button when you have the desired values to insert the point.
# Pick additional points in the [[3D_view|3D view]], or type coordinates and press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] Enter point}} button.
# Press {{KEY|Esc}} or the {{Button|Close}} button to finish the command.
* Press {{KEY|R}} or click the checkbox to toggle ''relative'' mode. If relative mode is on, the coordinates of the next point are relative to the last one; if not, they are absolute, taken from the origin (0,0,0).
* Press {{KEY|T}} or click the checkbox to toggle ''continue'' mode. If continue mode is on, the BSpline tool will restart after you finish the spline, allowing you to draw another one without pressing the tool button again.
* Press {{KEY|L}} or click the checkbox to toggle ''filled'' mode. If filled mode is on, a closed spline will create a filled face ({{PropertyData|Make Face}} {{TRUE}}); if not, the closed spline will not make a face ({{PropertyData|Make Face}} {{FALSE}}).
:{{Emphasis|Note:}} the spline should not be filled if it intersects itself, as it won't create a proper face. If the spline is filled but no shape is visible, manually set {{PropertyData|Make Face}} to {{FALSE}} to see the spline.
* Hold {{KEY|Ctrl}} while drawing to force [[Draft_Snap|snapping]] your point to the nearest snap location, independently of the distance.
* Hold {{KEY|Shift}} while drawing to [[Draft_Constrain|constrain]] your next point horizontally or vertically in relation to the last one.
* Press {{KEY|Ctrl}}+{{KEY|Z}} or press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft UndoLine.png|12px]] [[Draft_UndoLine|Undo]]}} button to undo the last point.
* Press {{KEY|Esc}} or the {{Button|Close}} button to abort the current command; curve segments already placed will remain.


<span id="Options"></span>
==Properties==
==Опции==


The single character keyboard shortcuts available in the task panel can be changed. See [[Draft_Preferences|Draft Preferences]]. The shortcuts mentioned here are the default shortcuts (for version 0.22).
A BSpline object shares most properties from a [[Draft Wire]], however, most properties only make sense for a Wire.


* To manually enter coordinates enter the X, Y and Z component, and press {{KEY|Enter}} after each. Or you can press the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_AddPoint.svg|16px]] Enter point}} button when you have the desired values. It is advisable to move the pointer out of the [[3D_view|3D view]] before entering coordinates.
=== Data ===
* Press {{KEY|R}} or click the {{MenuCommand|Relative}} checkbox to toggle relative mode. If relative mode is on, coordinates are relative to the last point, if available, else they are relative to the coordinate system origin.
* {{PropertyData|Closed}}: specifies if the spline is closed or not. If the spline is initially open, this value is {{FALSE}}; setting it to {{TRUE}} will draw a curve segment to close the spline. If the spline is initially closed, this value is {{TRUE}}; setting it to {{FALSE}} will remove the last curve segment, and make the spline open.
* Press {{KEY|G}} or click the {{MenuCommand|Global}} checkbox to toggle global mode. If global mode is on, coordinates are relative to the global coordinate system, else they are relative to the [[Draft_SelectPlane|working plane]] coordinate system. {{Version|0.20}}
* {{PropertyData|Make Face}}: specifies if the spline makes a face or not. If it is {{TRUE}} a face is created, otherwise only the perimeter is considered part of the object. This property only works if {{PropertyData|Closed}} is {{TRUE}}.
* Press {{KEY|F}} or click the {{MenuCommand|Filled}} checkbox to toggle filled mode. If filled mode is on, the created spline will have {{PropertyData|Make Face}} set to {{TRUE}} and will have a filled face, provided it is closed and does not self-intersect. Note that a self-intersecting spline with a face will not display properly, for such a spline {{PropertyData|Make Face}} must be set to {{FALSE}}.
:{{Emphasis|Note:}} do not set {{PropertyData|Make Face}} to {{TRUE}} if the spline intersects itself, as it won't create a proper face.
* Press {{KEY|N}} or click the {{MenuCommand|Continue}} checkbox to toggle continue mode. If continue mode is on, the command will restart after using {{Button|[[Image:Draft_FinishLine.svg|16px]] Finish}} or {{Button|[[Image:Draft_CloseLine.svg|16px]] Close}}, or after creating a closed spline by snapping to the first point of the spline, allowing you to continue creating splines.
* {{PropertyData|Parameterization}}: affects the shape of the BSpline.
* Press {{KEY|/}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_UndoLine.svg|16px]] Undo}} button to undo the last point.
* Press {{KEY|A}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_FinishLine.svg|16px]] Finish}} button to finish the command and leave the spline open.
* Press {{KEY|O}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft_CloseLine.svg|16px]] Close}} button to finish the command and close the spline. A closed spline can also be created by snapping to the first point of the spline.
* Press {{KEY|W}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft Wipe.svg|16px]] Wipe}} button to delete the curve segments already placed, but keep working from the last point.
* Press {{KEY|U}} or the {{Button|[[Image:Draft SelectPlane.svg|16px]] [[Draft_SelectPlane|Set WP]]}} button to adjust the current working plane in the orientation defined by the last and the previous point.
* Press {{KEY|S}} to switch [[Draft_Snap|Draft snapping]] on or off.
* Press {{KEY|Esc}} or the {{Button|Close}} button to finish the command.


<span id="Notes"></span>
=== View ===
==Примечания==
* {{PropertyView|Arrow Size}}: specifies the size of the symbol displayed at the end of the spline.
* {{PropertyView|Arrow Type}}: specifies the type of symbol displayed at the end of the spline, which can be "Dot", "Circle", "Arrow", or "Tick".
* {{PropertyView|End Arrow}}: specifies whether to show a symbol at the last point of the spline, so it can be used as an annotation line.
* {{PropertyView|Pattern}}: specifies a [[Draft Pattern]] with which to fill the face of a closed spline. This property only works if {{PropertyData|Make Face}} is {{TRUE}}, and if {{PropertyView|Display Mode}} is "Flat Lines".
* {{PropertyView|Pattern Size}}: specifies the size of the [[Draft Pattern]].


* A Draft BSpline can be edited with the [[Draft_Edit|Draft Edit]] command.
==Scripting==
* A Draft BSpline can be converted to a [[Draft_Wire|Draft Wire]] with the [[Draft_WireToBSpline|Draft WireToBSpline]] command.
{{Emphasis|See also:}} [[Draft API]] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].


<span id="Properties"></span>
The BSpline tool can be used in [[macros]] and from the [[Python]] console by using the following function:
==Свойства==

See also: [[Property_editor|Property editor]].

A Draft BSpline object is derived from a [[Part_Part2DObject|Part Part2DObject]] and inherits all its properties. It also has the following additional properties:

<span id="Data"></span>
=== Данные ===

{{TitleProperty|Draft}}

* {{PropertyData|Area|Area}}: (read-only) specifies the area of the face of the spline. The value will be {{value|0.0}} if {{PropertyData|Make Face}} if {{FALSE}} or the face cannot be created.
* {{PropertyData|Closed|Bool}}: specifies if the spline is closed or not. If the spline is initially open this value is {{FALSE}}, setting it to {{TRUE}} will draw a curve segment to close the spline. If the spline is initially closed this value is {{TRUE}}, setting it to {{FALSE}} will remove the last curve segment and make the spline open.
* {{PropertyData|Make Face|Bool}}: specifies if the spline makes a face or not. If it is {{TRUE}} a face is created, otherwise only the perimeter is considered part of the object. This property only works if {{PropertyData|Closed}} is {{TRUE}} and if the spline does not self-intersect.
* {{PropertyData|Parameterization|Float}}: affects the shape of the spline.
* {{PropertyData|Points|VectorList}}: specifies the points of the spline in its local coordinate system.

<span id="View"></span>
=== Вид ===

{{TitleProperty|Draft}}

* {{PropertyView|Arrow Size|Length}}: specifies the size of the symbol displayed at the end of the spline.
* {{PropertyView|Arrow Type|Enumeration}}: specifies the type of symbol displayed at the end of the spline, which can be {{value|Dot}}, {{value|Circle}}, {{value|Arrow}}, {{value|Tick}} or {{value|Tick-2}}.
* {{PropertyView|End Arrow|Bool}}: specifies whether to show a symbol at the end of the spline, so it can be used as an annotation line.
* {{PropertyView|Pattern|Enumeration}}: specifies the [[Draft_Pattern|Draft Pattern]] with which to fill the face of the closed spline. This property only works if {{PropertyData|Make Face}} is {{TRUE}} and if {{PropertyView|Display Mode}} is {{value|Flat Lines}}.
* {{PropertyView|Pattern Size|Float}}: specifies the size of the [[Draft_Pattern|Draft Pattern]].

<span id="Scripting"></span>
==Программирование==

See also: [https://freecad.github.io/SourceDoc/ Autogenerated API documentation] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics|FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].

To create a Draft BSpline use the {{incode|make_bspline}} method ({{Version|0.19}}) of the Draft module. This method replaces the deprecated {{incode|makeBSpline}} method.


{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
BSpline = makeBSpline(pointslist, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
bspline = make_bspline(pointslist, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
BSpline = makeBSpline(Part.Wire, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
bspline = make_bspline(Part.Wire, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
}}
}}


* Creates a {{incode|BSpline}} object from the given list of points, {{incode|pointslist}}.
* Creates a {{incode|bspline}} object from the given list of points, {{incode|pointslist}}.
** Each point in the list is defined by its {{incode|FreeCAD.Vector}}, with units in millimeters.
** Each point in the list is defined by its {{incode|FreeCAD.Vector}}, with units in millimeters.
** Alternatively, the input can be a {{incode|Part.Wire}}, from which points are extracted.
** Alternatively, the input can be a {{incode|Part.Wire}}, from which points are extracted.
* If {{incode|closed}} is {{incode|True}}, or if the first and last points are identical, the wire is closed.
* If {{incode|closed}} is {{incode|True}}, or if the first and last points are identical, the spline is closed.
* If a {{incode|placement}} is given, it is used; otherwise the shape is created at the origin.
* If {{incode|placement}} is {{incode|None}} the spline is created at the origin.
* If {{incode|face}} is {{incode|True}}, and the spline is closed, the spline will make a face, that is, it will appear filled.
* If {{incode|face}} is {{incode|True}}, and the spline is closed, the spline will make a face, that is, it will appear filled.


Пример:
Example:

{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
import FreeCAD, Draft
import FreeCAD as App
import Draft


doc = App.newDocument()
p1 = FreeCAD.Vector(0, 0, 0)
p2 = FreeCAD.Vector(1000, 1000, 0)
p3 = FreeCAD.Vector(2000, 0, 0)


p1 = App.Vector(0, 0, 0)
BSpline1 = Draft.makeBSpline([p1, p2, p3], closed=True)
p2 = App.Vector(1000, 1000, 0)
BSpline2 = Draft.makeBSpline([p1, 2*p3, 1.3*p2], closed=True)
p3 = App.Vector(2000, 0, 0)
BSpline3 = Draft.makeBSpline([1.3*p3, p1, -1.7*p2], closed=True)

spline1 = Draft.make_bspline([p1, p2, p3], closed=False)
spline2 = Draft.make_bspline([p1, 2*p3, 1.3*p2], closed=False)
spline3 = Draft.make_bspline([1.3*p3, p1, -1.7*p2], closed=False)

doc.recompute()
}}
}}



{{docnav|[[Draft_Dimension|Dimension]]|[[Draft_Point|Point]]|[[Draft_Module|Draft_Module]]}}
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
{{Draft Tools navi}}
{{Docnav/ru
{{Userdocnavi}}
|[[Draft_Polygon/ru|Многоугольник, Полигон]]
{{clear}}
|[[Draft_CubicBezCurve/ru|CubicBezCurve]]
|[[Draft_Workbench/ru|Верстак "Draft"]]
|IconL=Draft_Polygon.svg
|IconR=Draft_CubicBezCurve.svg
|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg
}}
</div>

{{Draft Tools navi{{#translation:}}}}
{{Userdocnavi{{#translation:}}}}

Latest revision as of 04:55, 9 January 2024

Draft BSpline

Системное название
Draft BSpline
Расположение в меню
Черчение → B-сплайн
Верстаки
Draft, Arch
Быстрые клавиши
B S
Представлено в версии
-
См. также
DWire

Описание

Инструмент BSpline создает кривую B-Spline из нескольких точек текущей work plane. Он берет linewidth and color , предварительно установленный на вкладке «Задачи». Инструмент BSpline ведет себя точно так же, как инструмент Draft Wire.

The Draft BSpline command specifies the exact points through which the curve will pass. The Draft BezCurve and the Draft CubicBezCurve commands, on the other hand, use control points to define the position and curvature of the spline.

Сплайн сформированный несколькими точками

Применение

See also: Draft Tray, Draft Snap and Draft Constrain.

  1. There are several ways to invoke the command:
    • Press the B-spline button.
    • Select the Drafting → B-spline option from the menu.
    • Use the keyboard shortcut: B then S.
  2. The B-spline task panel opens. See Options for more information.
  3. Pick the first point in the 3D view, or type coordinates and press the Enter point button.
  4. Pick additional points in the 3D view, or type coordinates and press the Enter point button.
  5. Press Esc or the Close button to finish the command.

Опции

The single character keyboard shortcuts available in the task panel can be changed. See Draft Preferences. The shortcuts mentioned here are the default shortcuts (for version 0.22).

  • To manually enter coordinates enter the X, Y and Z component, and press Enter after each. Or you can press the Enter point button when you have the desired values. It is advisable to move the pointer out of the 3D view before entering coordinates.
  • Press R or click the Relative checkbox to toggle relative mode. If relative mode is on, coordinates are relative to the last point, if available, else they are relative to the coordinate system origin.
  • Press G or click the Global checkbox to toggle global mode. If global mode is on, coordinates are relative to the global coordinate system, else they are relative to the working plane coordinate system. introduced in version 0.20
  • Press F or click the Filled checkbox to toggle filled mode. If filled mode is on, the created spline will have ДанныеMake Face set to true and will have a filled face, provided it is closed and does not self-intersect. Note that a self-intersecting spline with a face will not display properly, for such a spline ДанныеMake Face must be set to false.
  • Press N or click the Continue checkbox to toggle continue mode. If continue mode is on, the command will restart after using Finish or Close, or after creating a closed spline by snapping to the first point of the spline, allowing you to continue creating splines.
  • Press / or the Undo button to undo the last point.
  • Press A or the Finish button to finish the command and leave the spline open.
  • Press O or the Close button to finish the command and close the spline. A closed spline can also be created by snapping to the first point of the spline.
  • Press W or the Wipe button to delete the curve segments already placed, but keep working from the last point.
  • Press U or the Set WP button to adjust the current working plane in the orientation defined by the last and the previous point.
  • Press S to switch Draft snapping on or off.
  • Press Esc or the Close button to finish the command.

Примечания

Свойства

See also: Property editor.

A Draft BSpline object is derived from a Part Part2DObject and inherits all its properties. It also has the following additional properties:

Данные

Draft

  • ДанныеArea (Area): (read-only) specifies the area of the face of the spline. The value will be 0.0 if ДанныеMake Face if false or the face cannot be created.
  • ДанныеClosed (Bool): specifies if the spline is closed or not. If the spline is initially open this value is false, setting it to true will draw a curve segment to close the spline. If the spline is initially closed this value is true, setting it to false will remove the last curve segment and make the spline open.
  • ДанныеMake Face (Bool): specifies if the spline makes a face or not. If it is true a face is created, otherwise only the perimeter is considered part of the object. This property only works if ДанныеClosed is true and if the spline does not self-intersect.
  • ДанныеParameterization (Float): affects the shape of the spline.
  • ДанныеPoints (VectorList): specifies the points of the spline in its local coordinate system.

Вид

Draft

  • ВидArrow Size (Length): specifies the size of the symbol displayed at the end of the spline.
  • ВидArrow Type (Enumeration): specifies the type of symbol displayed at the end of the spline, which can be Dot, Circle, Arrow, Tick or Tick-2.
  • ВидEnd Arrow (Bool): specifies whether to show a symbol at the end of the spline, so it can be used as an annotation line.
  • ВидPattern (Enumeration): specifies the Draft Pattern with which to fill the face of the closed spline. This property only works if ДанныеMake Face is true and if ВидDisplay Mode is Flat Lines.
  • ВидPattern Size (Float): specifies the size of the Draft Pattern.

Программирование

See also: Autogenerated API documentation and FreeCAD Scripting Basics.

To create a Draft BSpline use the make_bspline method (introduced in version 0.19) of the Draft module. This method replaces the deprecated makeBSpline method.

bspline = make_bspline(pointslist, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
bspline = make_bspline(Part.Wire, closed=False, placement=None, face=None, support=None)
  • Creates a bspline object from the given list of points, pointslist.
    • Each point in the list is defined by its FreeCAD.Vector, with units in millimeters.
    • Alternatively, the input can be a Part.Wire, from which points are extracted.
  • If closed is True, or if the first and last points are identical, the spline is closed.
  • If placement is None the spline is created at the origin.
  • If face is True, and the spline is closed, the spline will make a face, that is, it will appear filled.

Пример:

import FreeCAD as App
import Draft

doc = App.newDocument()

p1 = App.Vector(0, 0, 0)
p2 = App.Vector(1000, 1000, 0)
p3 = App.Vector(2000, 0, 0)

spline1 = Draft.make_bspline([p1, p2, p3], closed=False)
spline2 = Draft.make_bspline([p1, 2*p3, 1.3*p2], closed=False)
spline3 = Draft.make_bspline([1.3*p3, p1, -1.7*p2], closed=False)

doc.recompute()