Sketcher ConstrainPerpendicular: Difference between revisions
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The [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|24px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular|Sketcher ConstrainPerpendicular]] |
The [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|24px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular|Sketcher ConstrainPerpendicular]] tool constrains two lines to be perpendicular, or two edges to be perpendicular at their intersection. One of the lines or edges can be an axis. Lines are treated as infinite, and open curves are virtually extended as well. The constraint can also connect two edges, forcing them to be perpendicular at the joint. |
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==Usage== <!--T:32--> |
==Usage== <!--T:32--> |
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See also: [[Sketcher_Workbench#Drawing_aids|Drawing aids]]. |
See also: [[Sketcher_Workbench#Drawing_aids|Drawing aids]]. |
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===[[Sketcher_Workbench#Continue_modes|Continue mode]]=== |
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⚫ | |||
# Make sure there is no selection. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
# There are several ways to invoke the tool: |
# There are several ways to invoke the tool: |
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#* Press the {{Button|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|16px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular|Constrain perpendicular]]}} button. |
#* Press the {{Button|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|16px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular|Constrain perpendicular]]}} button. |
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#* {{Version|0.22}}: Right-click in the [[3D_view|3D view]] and select the {{MenuCommand|Constrain → [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|16px]] Constrain perpendicular}} option from the context menu. |
#* {{Version|0.22}}: Right-click in the [[3D_view|3D view]] and select the {{MenuCommand|Constrain → [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|16px]] Constrain perpendicular}} option from the context menu. |
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#* Use the keyboard shortcut: {{KEY|N}}. |
#* Use the keyboard shortcut: {{KEY|N}}. |
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# If the tool runs in [[Sketcher_Workbench#Continue_modes|continue mode]]: |
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# Do one of the following: |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
#* Select a point and two edges (in that order). |
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#* Select an edge, a point and another edge (idem). |
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# A Perpendicular constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point onto object constraints]] can also be added. See [[#Between_two_edges_at_point|Examples]]. |
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##* Select an edge, a point and another edge (idem). |
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⚫ | |||
# To finish, right-click or press {{KEY|Esc}}, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool. |
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===Run-once mode=== |
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# Do one of the following: |
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#* Select two edges (see above). |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
# Invoke the tool as explained above, or with the following additional option: |
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#* {{Version|0.22}}: Right-click in the [[3D_view|3D view]] and select the {{MenuCommand|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular.svg|16px]] Constrain perpendicular}} option from the context menu. |
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# A Perpendicular constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point onto object constraints]] can also be added. See [[#Between_two_edges_at_point|Examples]]. |
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==Examples== |
==Examples== |
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===Between two edges |
===Between two edges=== <!--T:7--> |
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</translate> |
</translate> |
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<translate> |
<translate> |
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The two edges are made perpendicular at their (virtual) intersection. If one of the edges is a conic a |
The two edges are made perpendicular at their (virtual) intersection. If one of the edges is a [[Sketcher_Workbench#Sketcher_CompCreateConic|conic]], a [[Sketcher_CreatePoint|Point object]] that has a [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point onto object constraint]] with both (extended) edges is added. |
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===Between two endpoints |
===Between two endpoints=== <!--T:11--> |
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</translate> |
</translate> |
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The endpoints are made coincident, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point. |
The endpoints are made coincident, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point. |
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===Between edge and endpoint |
===Between edge and endpoint=== <!--T:14--> |
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</translate> |
</translate> |
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The endpoint of one edge is constrained to lie on the other edge, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point. |
The endpoint of one edge is constrained to lie on the other edge, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point. |
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===Between two |
===Between two edges at point=== <!--T:17--> |
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</translate> |
</translate> |
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The two edges are made perpendicular at a given point. The point can be any point, e.g. the center of a circle, the endpoint of an edge, or the origin, it can belong to one of the edges, and it can also be a [[Sketcher_CreatePoint|Point object]]. If required [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point onto object constraint(s)]] are added to ensure the point lies on both (extended) edges. These additional constraints are called [[Sketcher_helper_constraint|helper constraints]]. |
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In this mode, two curves are made perpendicular, and the point of perpendicularity is tracked. This mode is applied when two curves and a point were selected. |
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'''Accepted selection:''' |
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* any line/curve + any line/curve + any point |
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"Any point" can be a lone point, or a point of something, e.g. a center of a circle, an endpoint of an arc, or the origin. |
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For the constraint to work correctly, the point must be on both curves. So, as the constraint is invoked, the point will be automatically constrained onto both curves ([[Sketcher_helper_constraint|helper constraints]] will be added, if necessary), and the curves will be forced perpendicular at the point. These [[Sketcher_helper_constraint|helper constraints]] are plain regular constraints. They can be added manually, or deleted. |
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Compared to direct perpendicular, this constraint is slower, because there are mode degrees of freedom involved, but it supports ellipses. |
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The placement of the point before the constraint is applied is a hint for the solver for where the perpendicularity should be. |
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==Scripting== <!--T:23--> |
==Scripting== <!--T:23--> |
Revision as of 17:38, 25 March 2024
Sketcher ConstrainPerpendicular |
Menu location |
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Sketch → Sketcher constraints → Constrain perpendicular |
Workbenches |
Sketcher |
Default shortcut |
N |
Introduced in version |
- |
See also |
Sketcher Constrain angle |
Description
The Sketcher ConstrainPerpendicular tool constrains two lines to be perpendicular, or two edges to be perpendicular at their intersection. One of the lines or edges can be an axis. Lines are treated as infinite, and open curves are virtually extended as well. The constraint can also connect two edges, forcing them to be perpendicular at the joint.
Usage
See also: Drawing aids.
Continue mode
- Make sure there is no selection.
- There are several ways to invoke the tool:
- Press the Constrain perpendicular button.
- Select the Sketch → Sketcher constraints → Constrain perpendicular option from the menu.
- introduced in version 0.22: Right-click in the 3D view and select the Constrain → Constrain perpendicular option from the context menu.
- Use the keyboard shortcut: N.
- The cursor changes to a white cross with the tool icon.
- Do one of the following:
- Select two edges. One of the edges must be a straight line or an axis. The other can be any edge except a B-spline.
- Select a point and two edges (in that order).
- Select an edge, a point and another edge (idem).
- A Perpendicular constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two Point onto object constraints can also be added. See Examples.
- Optionally keep creating constraints.
- To finish, right-click or press Esc, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool.
Run-once mode
- Do one of the following:
- Select two edges (see above).
- Select two endpoints belonging to different edges.
- Select an edge and the endpoint of another edge (in any order).
- Select a point and two edges (idem).
- Invoke the tool as explained above, or with the following additional option:
- introduced in version 0.22: Right-click in the 3D view and select the Constrain perpendicular option from the context menu.
- A Perpendicular constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two Point onto object constraints can also be added. See Examples.
Examples
Between two edges
The two edges are made perpendicular at their (virtual) intersection. If one of the edges is a conic, a Point object that has a Point onto object constraint with both (extended) edges is added.
Between two endpoints
The endpoints are made coincident, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point.
Between edge and endpoint
The endpoint of one edge is constrained to lie on the other edge, and the edges are made perpendicular at that point.
Between two edges at point
The two edges are made perpendicular at a given point. The point can be any point, e.g. the center of a circle, the endpoint of an edge, or the origin, it can belong to one of the edges, and it can also be a Point object. If required Point onto object constraint(s) are added to ensure the point lies on both (extended) edges. These additional constraints are called helper constraints.
Scripting
Perpendicular Constraint can be created from macros and from the python console by using the following:
# direct perpendicularity
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Perpendicular',icurve1,icurve2))
# point-to-point perpendicularity
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Perpendicular',icurve1,pointpos1,icurve2,pointpos2))
# point-to-curve perpendicularity
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Perpendicular',icurve1,pointpos1,icurve2))
# perpendicular-via-point (plain constraint, helpers are not added automatically)
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('PerpendicularViaPoint',icurve1,icurve2,geoidpoint,pointpos))
where:
Sketch
is a sketch objecticurve1
,icurve2
are two integers identifying the curves to be made perpendicular. The integers are indexes in the sketch (the value, returned bySketch.addGeometry
).pointpos1
,pointpos2
should be1
for start point and2
for end point.geoidpoint
andpointpos
in PerpendicularViaPoint are the indexes specifying the point of perpendicularity.
The Sketcher scripting page explains the values which can be used for icurve1
, icurve2
, pointpos1
, pointpos2
and geoidpoint
, and contains further examples on how to create constraints from Python scripts.
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