Sketcher ConstrainAngle/ru: Difference between revisions
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{{Docnav |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainDiameter|Constraint Diameter]] |
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{{Docnav/ru |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainSnellsLaw|Snell's Law]] |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainRadiam/ru|Ограничить радиус/диаметр автоматически]] |
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|[[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketcher]] |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainSnellsLaw/ru|Ограничение преломления (закон Снеллиуса)]] |
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|IconL=Sketcher ConstrainDiameter.svg |
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|[[Sketcher_Workbench/ru|Верстак "Sketcher"]] |
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|IconL=Sketcher ConstrainRadiam.svg |
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|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.svg |
|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.svg |
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|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg |
|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg |
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}} |
}} |
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</div> |
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<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> |
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> |
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{{GuiCommand/ru |
{{GuiCommand/ru |
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|Name/ru=Ограничить угол |
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|Name=Constraint InternalAngle |
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|Name=Sketcher_ConstrainAngle |
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|Name/ru=Constraint InternalAngle |
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|MenuLocation=Sketch → Ограничения эскиза → Ограничить угол |
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|Workbenches=[[Sketcher Workbench/ru|Sketcher]], [[PartDesign Workbench/ru|PartDesign]] |
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|Workbenches=[[Sketcher_Workbench/ru|Sketcher]] |
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|MenuLocation=Sketch → Ограничения эскиза →Ограничение угла |
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|Shortcut=A |
|Shortcut={{KEY|A}} |
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|SeeAlso=[[Sketcher_ConstrainDistance/ru|Ограничить расстояние]], [[Sketcher_ConstrainPerpendicular/ru|Ограничить перпендикулярность]] |
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|SeeAlso=[[Constraint Length/ru|Ограничения расстояния]], [[Constraint Perpendicular/ru|Ограничения перпендикулярности]] |
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}} |
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= |
<span id="Description"></span> |
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==Описание== |
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The [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|24px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainAngle|Sketcher ConstrainAngle]] tool fixes the angle between two edges (lines are then treated as infinite, and open curves are virtually extended as well), the angle of a line with the horizontal axis of the sketch, or the aperture angle of a circular arc. |
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Angle constraint is a [[Sketcher_Workbench#Sketcher_Constraints|datum constraint]] intended to fix angles in sketch. It is capable of setting slopes of individual lines, angles between lines, angles of intersections of curves, and angle spans of circular arcs. |
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<span id="Usage"></span> |
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==Применение== |
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See also: [[Sketcher_Workbench#Drawing_aids|Drawing aids]]. |
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There are four different ways the constraint can be applied: |
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* to individual lines |
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* between lines |
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* to intersections of curves |
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* to arcs of circles |
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===[[Sketcher_Workbench#Continue_modes|Continue mode]]=== |
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To apply angle constraint, one should the follow the steps: |
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# Select one, two or three entities in the sketch. The mode will be chosen depending on the selection. |
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# Invoke the constraint using several methods: |
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#* Pressing the {{Button|[[File:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainAngle|Constrain angle]]}} button in the toolbar. |
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#* Using the {{KEY|A}} keyboard shortcut. ('''A''' is for '''A'''ngle) |
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#* Using the {{MenuCommand|Sketch → Sketcher constraints → [[File:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] Constrain angle}} form the top menu entry |
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# A datum edit dialog box pops up. |
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# Modify the angle if necessary. '''Note:''' The angle can be entered as an expression that will be evaluated and the result will be stored. |
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# Click {{Button|OK}} |
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# Make sure there is no selection. |
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As with any datum constraint, it is possible to change the angle value later by double-clicking the constraint in constraint list or 3d view. Entering a negative value will cause the angle direction to flip. |
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# There are several ways to invoke the tool: |
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#* {{Version|1.0}}: If the {{MenuCommand|Dimensioning constraints}} [[Sketcher_Preferences#General|preference]] is set to {{Value|Single tool}} (default): press the down arrow to the right of the {{Button|[[Image:Sketcher_Dimension.svg||x16px]][[Image:Toolbar_flyout_arrow.svg|x16px]]}} button and select the {{MenuCommand|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] Constrain angle}} option from the dropdown. |
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#* If this preference has a different value (and in {{VersionMinus|0.21}}): press the {{Button|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainAngle|Constrain angle]]}} button. |
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#* Select the {{MenuCommand|Sketch → Sketcher constraints → [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] Constrain angle}} option from the menu. |
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#* {{Version|1.0}}: Right-click in the [[3D_view|3D view]] and select the {{MenuCommand|Dimension → [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainAngle.svg|16px]] Constrain angle}} option from the context menu. |
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#* Use the keyboard shortcut: {{KEY|K}} then {{KEY|A}}. |
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# The cursor changes to a cross with the tool icon. |
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# Do one of the following: |
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#* Select two lines. |
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#* Select a point and two edges (in that order). |
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#* Select an edge, a point and an edge (idem). |
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# If a [[Sketcher_ToggleDrivingConstraint|driving dimensional constraint]] is created, depending on the [[Sketcher_Preferences#Display|preferences]], a dialog opens to [[Sketcher_Workbench#Edit_constraints|edit its value]]. A negative value will reverse the angle direction. |
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# An Angle constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point to object constraints]] can also be added. See [[#Between_two_edges_at_point|Examples]]. |
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# Optionally keep creating constraints. |
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# To finish, right-click or press {{KEY|Esc}}, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool. |
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== |
===Run-once mode=== |
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# Do one of the following: |
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===Line slope angle=== |
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#* Select a single line. |
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#* Select a single circular arc. |
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#* Select two lines. |
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#* Select a point and two edges (in any order). |
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# Invoke the tool as explained above. |
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# Optionally [[Sketcher_Workbench#Edit_constraints|edit the constraint value]]. |
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# An Angle constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point on object constraints]] can also be added. See [[#Between_two_edges_at_point|Examples]]. |
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==Examples== |
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'''Accepted selection:''' line |
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===Single line=== |
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[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode1.png|600px]] |
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[[Image:Sketcher_ConsraintAngle_mode1.png|400px]] |
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The constraint sets the polar angle of line's direction. It is the angle between the line and X axis of the sketch. |
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The angle of the line with the positive X axis of the sketch is fixed. |
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===Arc span (v0.15)=== |
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===Single circular arc=== |
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'''Accepted selection:''' arc of circle |
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[[Image: |
[[Image:Sketcher_ConsraintAngle_mode2.png|400px]] |
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The aperture angle of the arc is fixed. |
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In this mode, the constraint fixes angular span of a circular arc. |
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===Between lines=== |
===Between two lines=== |
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[[Image:Sketcher_ConsraintAngle_mode3.png|400px]] |
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'''Accepted selection:''' line + line |
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The angle between the two lines is fixed. It is not required that the lines intersect. |
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[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode3.png|600px]] |
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===Between two edges at point=== |
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In this mode, the constraint sets the angle between two lines. It is not required that the lines intersect. |
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[[Image:Sketcher_ConsraintAngle_mode4.png|400px]] |
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===Between curves at intersection (angle-via-point) (v0.15)=== |
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The angle between the two edges at a given point is fixed. The point can be any point, e.g. the center of a circle, the endpoint of an edge, or the origin, it can belong to either or both edges, and it can also be a [[Sketcher_CreatePoint|Point object]]. If required [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point on object constraint(s)]] are added to ensure the point lies on both (extended) edges. These additional constraints are called [[Sketcher_helper_constraint|helper constraints]]. |
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'''Accepted selection:''' any line/curve + any line/curve + any point |
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<span id="Scripting"></span> |
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[[Image:Sketcher ConsraintAngle mode4.png|600px]] |
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==Программирование== |
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Angle Constraint can be created from [[Macros|macros]] and from the [[Python|Python]] console by using the following: |
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In this mode, angle between two curves is constrained at the point of their intersection. The intersection point can be on curves' extensions. The point should be specified explicitly, since curves typically intersect in more than one point. |
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For the constraint to work correctly, the point must be on both curves. So, as the constraint is invoked, the point will be automatically constrained onto both curves ([[Sketcher_helper_constraint|helper constraints]] will be added, if necessary), and the angle between curves will be constrained at the point. These [[Sketcher helper constraint|helper constraints]] are plain regular constraints. They can be added manually, or deleted. There are no helper constraints on the example picture above, because the point selected is already the intersection of curves. |
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==Scripting== |
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Angle Constraint can be created from [[Macros|macros]] and from the python console by using the following: |
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{{Code|code= |
{{Code|code= |
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# line slope angle |
# line slope angle |
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:* {{incode|angle}} is the angle value in radians. The angle is counted between tangent vectors in counterclockwise direction. Tangent vectors are pointing from start to end for the lines (or vice versa if ending point is supplied in angle between lines mode), and along counterclockwise direction for circles, arcs and ellipses. Quantity is also accepted as an angle (e.g. {{incode|App.Units.Quantity('45 deg')}}) |
:* {{incode|angle}} is the angle value in radians. The angle is counted between tangent vectors in counterclockwise direction. Tangent vectors are pointing from start to end for the lines (or vice versa if ending point is supplied in angle between lines mode), and along counterclockwise direction for circles, arcs and ellipses. Quantity is also accepted as an angle (e.g. {{incode|App.Units.Quantity('45 deg')}}) |
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The [[Sketcher_scripting|Sketcher scripting]] page explains the values which can be used for {{incode|iline}}, {{incode|iline1}}, {{incode|iline2}}, {{incode|pointpos1}}, {{incode|pointpos2}}, {{incode|geoidpoint}} and {{incode|pointpos}} and contains further examples on how to create constraints from Python scripts. |
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{{Docnav |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainDiameter|Constraint Diameter]] |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainSnellsLaw|Snell's Law]] |
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<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy"> |
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|[[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketcher]] |
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{{Docnav/ru |
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|IconL=Sketcher ConstrainDiameter.svg |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainRadiam/ru|Ограничить радиус/диаметр автоматически]] |
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|[[Sketcher_ConstrainSnellsLaw/ru|Ограничение преломления (закон Снеллиуса)]] |
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|[[Sketcher_Workbench/ru|Верстак "Sketcher"]] |
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|IconL=Sketcher ConstrainRadiam.svg |
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|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.svg |
|IconR=Constraint_SnellsLaw.svg |
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|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg |
|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg |
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}} |
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Latest revision as of 13:42, 24 April 2024
Ограничить угол |
Системное название |
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Sketcher_ConstrainAngle |
Расположение в меню |
Sketch → Ограничения эскиза → Ограничить угол |
Верстаки |
Sketcher |
Быстрые клавиши |
A |
Представлено в версии |
- |
См. также |
Ограничить расстояние, Ограничить перпендикулярность |
Описание
The Sketcher ConstrainAngle tool fixes the angle between two edges (lines are then treated as infinite, and open curves are virtually extended as well), the angle of a line with the horizontal axis of the sketch, or the aperture angle of a circular arc.
Применение
See also: Drawing aids.
Continue mode
- Make sure there is no selection.
- There are several ways to invoke the tool:
- introduced in version 1.0: If the Dimensioning constraints preference is set to
Single tool
(default): press the down arrow to the right of the button and select the Constrain angle option from the dropdown. - If this preference has a different value (and in version 0.21 and below): press the Constrain angle button.
- Select the Sketch → Sketcher constraints → Constrain angle option from the menu.
- introduced in version 1.0: Right-click in the 3D view and select the Dimension → Constrain angle option from the context menu.
- Use the keyboard shortcut: K then A.
- introduced in version 1.0: If the Dimensioning constraints preference is set to
- The cursor changes to a cross with the tool icon.
- Do one of the following:
- Select two lines.
- Select a point and two edges (in that order).
- Select an edge, a point and an edge (idem).
- If a driving dimensional constraint is created, depending on the preferences, a dialog opens to edit its value. A negative value will reverse the angle direction.
- An Angle constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two Point to object constraints can also be added. See Examples.
- Optionally keep creating constraints.
- To finish, right-click or press Esc, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool.
Run-once mode
- Do one of the following:
- Select a single line.
- Select a single circular arc.
- Select two lines.
- Select a point and two edges (in any order).
- Invoke the tool as explained above.
- Optionally edit the constraint value.
- An Angle constraint is added. If a point and two edges have been selected, up to two Point on object constraints can also be added. See Examples.
Examples
Single line
The angle of the line with the positive X axis of the sketch is fixed.
Single circular arc
The aperture angle of the arc is fixed.
Between two lines
The angle between the two lines is fixed. It is not required that the lines intersect.
Between two edges at point
The angle between the two edges at a given point is fixed. The point can be any point, e.g. the center of a circle, the endpoint of an edge, or the origin, it can belong to either or both edges, and it can also be a Point object. If required Point on object constraint(s) are added to ensure the point lies on both (extended) edges. These additional constraints are called helper constraints.
Программирование
Angle Constraint can be created from macros and from the Python console by using the following:
# line slope angle
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline,angle))
# angular span of arc
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iarc,angle))
# angle between lines
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Angle',iline1,pointpos1,iline2,pointpos2,angle))
# angle-via-point (no helper constraints are added automatically when from python)
Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('AngleViaPoint',icurve1,icurve2,geoidpoint,pointpos,angle))
where:
Sketch
is a sketch objectiline, iline1, iline2
are integers specifying the lines by their ordinal numbers inSketch
.pointpos1, pointpos2
should be 1 for start point and 2 for end point. The choice of endpoints allows to set internal angle (or external), and it affects how the constraint is drawn on the screen.geoidpoint
andpointpos
inAngleViaPoint
are the indexes specifying the point of intersection.angle
is the angle value in radians. The angle is counted between tangent vectors in counterclockwise direction. Tangent vectors are pointing from start to end for the lines (or vice versa if ending point is supplied in angle between lines mode), and along counterclockwise direction for circles, arcs and ellipses. Quantity is also accepted as an angle (e.g.App.Units.Quantity('45 deg')
)
The Sketcher scripting page explains the values which can be used for iline
, iline1
, iline2
, pointpos1
, pointpos2
, geoidpoint
and pointpos
and contains further examples on how to create constraints from Python scripts.
- General: Create sketch, Edit sketch, Map sketch to face, Reorient sketch, Validate sketch, Merge sketches, Mirror sketch, Leave sketch, View sketch, View section, Toggle grid, Toggle snap, Configure rendering order, Stop operation
- Sketcher geometries: Point, Line, Arc, Arc by 3 points, Circle, Circle by 3 points, Ellipse, Ellipse by 3 points, Arc of ellipse, Arc of hyperbola, Arc of parabola, B-spline by control points, Periodic B-spline by control points, B-spline by knots, Periodic B-spline by knots, Polyline, Rectangle, Centered rectangle, Rounded rectangle, Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon, Octagon, Regular polygon, Slot, Fillet, Corner-preserving fillet, Trim, Extend, Split, External geometry, Carbon copy, Toggle construction geometry
- Sketcher constraints:
- Geometric constraints: Coincident, Point on object, Vertical, Horizontal, Parallel, Perpendicular, Tangent, Equal, Symmetric, Block
- Dimensional constraints: Lock, Horizontal distance, Vertical distance, Distance, Radius or weight, Diameter, Auto radius/diameter, Angle, Refraction (Snell's law)
- Constraint tools: Toggle driving/reference constraint, Activate/deactivate constraint
- Sketcher tools: Select unconstrained DoF, Select associated constraints, Select associated geometry, Select redundant constraints, Select conflicting constraints, Show/hide internal geometry, Select origin, Select horizontal axis, Select vertical axis, Symmetry, Clone, Copy, Move, Rectangular array, Remove axes alignment, Delete all geometry, Delete all constraints
- Sketcher B-spline tools: Show/hide B-spline degree, Show/hide B-spline control polygon, Show/hide B-spline curvature comb, Show/hide B-spline knot multiplicity, Show/hide B-spline control point weight, Convert geometry to B-spline, Increase B-spline degree, Decrease B-spline degree, Increase knot multiplicity, Decrease knot multiplicity, Insert knot, Join curves
- Sketcher virtual space: Switch virtual space
- Additional: Sketcher Dialog, Preferences, Sketcher scripting
- Начинающим
- Установка: Загрузка, Windows, Linux, Mac, Дополнительных компонентов, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Базовая: О FreeCAD, Интерфейс, Навигация мыши, Методы выделения, Имя объекта, Настройки, Верстаки, Структура документа, Свойства, Помоги FreeCAD, Пожертвования
- Помощь: Учебники, Видео учебники
- Верстаки: Std Base, Arch, Assembly, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework