Mesh
Introduzione
In FreeCAD la parola "Mesh" viene normalmente utilizzata per riferirsi a un Mesh MeshObject (classe Mesh::MeshObject
), un tipo di oggetto che definisce dati 3D ma non è un solido "Shape".
Le mesh sono oggetti molto semplici, contenenti solo vertici (punti), bordi e facce triangolari. In generale, sono facili da creare, modificare, suddividere ed estendere e possono essere passati da un'applicazione all'altra senza alcuna perdita di dettagli. Inoltre, poiché le mesh contengono dati molto semplici, le applicazioni 3D come i software di animazione e i videogiochi possono gestirne quantità molto grandi (milioni di triangoli) senza utilizzare molte risorse di calcolo.
However, in the field of engineering meshes present one big limitation: they are only made of surfaces, and have no "mass" information, so they don't behave like "solids". This means that solid-based operations, like boolean addition or subtraction, are difficult to perform on meshes. Also, since they are defined by individual points, they are hard to describe in a parametric fashion.
See Mesh MeshObject for more information about this type of object, and see Polygon mesh for generic information in computer systems.
Left: parametric shape defined by properties. Right: mesh, defined by vertices and triangular surfaces.
Utilizzo
Meshes are normally created by internal functions of the Mesh Workbench, or by importing mesh format files, like STL and OBJ.
Essentially, every object derived from a Mesh Feature (Mesh::Feature
class) is expected to hold and manipulate a Mesh.
Since FreeCAD is primarily designed to be a solid modeller, it is better suited to deal with solid Shapes. It can import and display Meshes in the 3D view, and the Mesh Workbench offers some commands to directly manipulate them. But in many cases the Mesh first needs to be converted to a Shape (see Part ShapeFromMesh), or the geometry needs to be recreated using solid modelling techniques from the Part Workbench or the PartDesign Workbench.
Finite element meshes
In FreeCAD the word "Mesh" may also refer to a specific object that will be used in finite element analysis (FEA).
When an object with a solid Shape is used in the FEM Workbench it will be discretized into a triangular mesh. In this case, the resulting object is a FEM FemMeshObject (Fem::FemMeshObject
class), and is not derived from a Mesh Feature (Mesh::Feature
class).
For more information see FEM Workbench and FEM Mesh.
More information
- Miscellaneous: Import mesh, Export mesh, Create mesh from shape, Regular solid, Unwrap Mesh, Unwrap Face
- Modifying: Harmonize normals, Flip normals, Fill holes, Close hole, Add triangle, Remove components, Remove components by hand, Smooth, Refinement, Decimation, Scale
- Boolean: Union, Intersection, Difference
- Cutting: Cut mesh, Trim mesh, Trim mesh with a plane, Create section from mesh and plane, Cross-sections
- Components and segments: Merge, Split by components, Create mesh segments, Create mesh segments from best-fit surfaces
- Materials: Solid, Fluid, Nonlinear mechanical, Reinforced (concrete); Material editor
- Element geometry: Beam (1D), Beam rotation (1D), Shell (2D), Fluid flow (1D)
Constraints
- Electromagnetic: Electrostatic potential, Current density, Magnetization
- Geometrical: Plane rotation, Section print, Transform
- Mechanical: Fixed, Displacement, Contact, Tie, Spring, Force, Pressure, Centrif, Self weight
- Thermal: Initial temperature, Heat flux, Temperature, Body heat source
- Overwrite Constants: Constant vacuum permittivity
- Solve: CalculiX Standard, Elmer, Mystran, Z88; Equations: Deformation, Elasticity, Electrostatic, Electricforce, Magnetodynamic, Magnetodynamic 2D, Flow, Flux, Heat; Solver: Solver control, Solver run
- Results: Purge, Show; Postprocessing: Apply changes, Pipeline from result, Warp filter, Scalar clip filter, Function cut filter, Region clip filter, Contours filter, Line clip filter, Stress linearization plot, Data at point clip filter, Filter function plane, Filter function sphere, Filter function cylinder, Filter function box
- Additional: Preferences; FEM Install, FEM Mesh, FEM Solver, FEM CalculiX, FEM Concrete; FEM Element Types
- Cuore: App DocumentObject
- Base: App FeaturePython, App GeoFeature, Part Feature, Mesh Feature, Fem FemMeshObject
- Forme interne: Part TopoShape, Mesh MeshObject, Fem FemMesh
- Struttura: App DocumentObjectGroup (Std Group), App Part (Std Part), App Link
- Derivate: Part Part2DObject, Sketcher SketchObject, PartDesign Body, PartDesign Feature
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Arch, Assembly, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub