PartDesign Pad/hr: Difference between revisions
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<span id="Description"></span> |
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==Opis== |
==Opis== |
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The |
The '''Pad''' tool extrudes a sketch or a face of a solid along a straight path. |
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[[File:PartDesign Pad example.svg|none]] |
[[File:PartDesign Pad example.svg|none]] |
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''Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.'' |
''Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.'' |
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<span id="Usage"></span> |
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'''Note:''' {{VersionMinus|0.16}} If the selected sketch is mapped to the face of an existing solid or another Part Design feature, the pad will be fused to it. |
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==Kako koristiti== |
==Kako koristiti== |
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# Select |
# Select a single sketch or one or more faces from the Body. |
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# Press the {{Button|[[Image:PartDesign_Pad.svg|16px]] |
# Press the {{Button|[[Image:PartDesign_Pad.svg|16px]] [[PartDesign_Pad|Pad]]}} button. |
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# Set the Pad parameters, see |
# Set the Pad parameters, see [[#Options|Options]] below. |
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# |
# Press the {{Button|OK}} button. |
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<span id="Options"></span> |
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==Opcije== |
==Opcije== |
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When creating a pad, |
When creating a pad, or after double-clicking an existing pad in the [[Tree_view|Tree view]], the '''Pad parameters''' task panel is shown. It offers the following settings: |
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[[Image: |
[[Image:PartDesign_Pad_Taskpanel.png|frame|left]] |
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===Type=== |
===Type=== |
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Type offers five different ways of specifying the length |
Type offers five different ways of specifying the length of the pad: |
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<span id="Dimension"></span> |
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====Dimenzija==== |
====Dimenzija==== |
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Enter a numeric value for |
Enter a numeric value for the '''Length''' of the pad. With the option '''Symmetric to plane''' the pad will extend half the given length to either side of the sketch or face. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
====To last==== |
====To last==== |
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The pad will |
The pad will extend up to the last face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear. |
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====To first==== |
====To first==== |
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The pad will |
The pad will extend up to the first face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear. |
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<span id="Up_to_face"></span> |
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====Do površine==== |
====Do površine==== |
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The pad will |
The pad will extend up to a face. Press the {{Button|Select face}} button and select a face or a [[PartDesign_Plane|datum plane]] from the Body. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
=== Offset to face === |
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Offset from face at which the pad will end. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''To last''', '''To first''' or '''Up to face'''. |
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<span id="Length"></span> |
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===Dužina=== |
===Dužina=== |
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Defines the length of the pad. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension''' or '''Two dimensions'''. The length is measured along the direction vector, or along the normal of the sketch or face. Negative values are not possible. Use the '''Reversed''' option instead. |
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Defines the length of the pad. Multiple units can be used independently of the user's units preferences (m, cm, mm, nm, ft or ', in or "). |
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=== 2nd length === |
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Defines the length of the pad in the opposite direction. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Two dimensions'''. |
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=== Symmetric to plane === |
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Check this option to extrude half the given length to either side of the sketch or face. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension'''. |
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=== Reversed === |
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⚫ | |||
===Direction=== |
===Direction=== |
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==== Direction/edge ==== |
==== Direction/edge ==== |
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You can select the direction of the extrusion: |
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{{Version|0.20}} |
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You can select if the the sketch should be padded along its normal or along an edge. You can select the edge by clicking into the 3D view. If you already selected edges, they appear as know edges and can directly be selected. |
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* '''Sketch normal''' or '''Face normal:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of its normal. If you have selected several sketches or faces to be extruded, the normal of the first one will be used. |
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⚫ | |||
* '''Select reference...:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of a straight edge or a [[PartDesign_Line|datum line]] selected from the Body. |
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* '''Custom direction:''' The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of the specified vector. |
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⚫ | |||
If checked, the pad direction will not be the normal vector of the sketch but the given vector. The pad length is however set according to the normal vector direction. |
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If checked, the pad direction will be shown. In case the pad uses a '''Custom direction''', it can be changed. |
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==== Length along sketch normal ==== |
==== Length along sketch normal ==== |
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If checked, the pad length is measured along the sketch normal, otherwise along the custom direction. |
If checked, the pad length is measured along the sketch or face normal, otherwise along the custom direction. |
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=== |
=== Taper angle === |
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Tapers the pad in the extrusion direction by the given angle. A positive angle means the outer pad border gets wider. Note that inner structures receive the opposite taper angle. This is done to facilitate the design of molds and molded parts. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Dimension''' or '''Two dimensions'''. |
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=== |
=== 2nd taper angle === |
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Tapers the pad in the opposite extrusion direction by the given angle. See '''Taper angle'''. This option is only available if '''Type''' is '''Two dimensions'''. |
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Tick the checkbox to extend half of the given length to either side of the sketch plane. |
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== |
==Properties== |
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===Data=== |
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⚫ | |||
{{TitleProperty|Pad}} |
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==Properties== |
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* {{PropertyData|Type}}: |
* {{PropertyData|Type|Enumeration}}: Defines how the pad will be extruded, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData|Length}}: Defines the length of the pad, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
* {{PropertyData|Length|Length}}: Defines the length of the pad, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData|Length2}}: Second pad length in case the {{PropertyData|Type}} |
* {{PropertyData|Length2|Length}}: Second pad length in case the {{PropertyData|Type}} is '''TwoLengths''', see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector}}: |
* {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector|Bool}}: If checked, the pad direction will not be the normal vector of the sketch but the given vector, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData|Direction}}: |
* {{PropertyData|Direction|Vector}}: Vector of the pad direction if {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector}} is used. |
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* {{PropertyData|Reference Axis|LinkSub}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Along Sketch Normal}}: |
* {{PropertyData|Along Sketch Normal|Bool}}: If ''true'', the pad length is measured along the sketch normal. Otherwise and if {{PropertyData|Use Custom Vector}} is used, it is measured along the custom direction. |
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* {{PropertyData|Up To Face}}: A face the pad will extrude up to, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData| |
* {{PropertyData|Up To Face|LinkSub}}: A face the pad will extrude up to, see [[#Options|Options]]. |
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* {{PropertyData|Offset|Length}}: Offset from face in which the pad will end. This is only taken into account if the {{PropertyData|Type}} option '''UpToLast''', '''UpToFirst''' or '''UpToFace''' is used. |
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⚫ | * {{PropertyData|Refine}}: |
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* {{PropertyData|Taper Angle|Angle}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Taper Angle2|Angle}} |
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{{TitleProperty|Part Design}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{TitleProperty|Sketch Based}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Profile|LinkSub}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Midplane|Bool}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Reversed|Bool}} |
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* {{PropertyData|Allow Multi Face|Bool}} |
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<span id="Limitations"></span> |
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==Ograničenja== |
==Ograničenja== |
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* Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a ''Failed to validate broken face'' error |
* Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a ''Failed to validate broken face'' error. |
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* Sketches containing [[B-Splines|B-Splines]] often cannot be tapered properly. This is a limitation of the [[OpenCASCADE|OpenCASCADE]] kernel that FreeCAD uses. |
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* For larger angles tapering will fail if the end face would have fewer edges than the start face/sketch. |
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* The algorithm used for '''To First''' and '''To Last''' is: |
* The algorithm used for '''To First''' and '''To Last''' is: |
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** Create a line through the |
** Create a line through the center of gravity of the sketch |
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** Find all faces of the support cut by this line |
** Find all faces of the support cut by this line |
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** Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch |
** Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch |
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: This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the '''Up to face''' type instead, and pick the face you want. |
: This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the '''Up to face''' type instead, and pick the face you want. |
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: For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug. |
: For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug. |
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* {{VersionMinus|0.16}} There is no automatic cleanup, e.g. of adjacent planar surfaces into a single surface. You can fix this manually in the [[Image:Workbench_Part.svg|16px]] [[Part Workbench|Part workbench]] with {{Button|[[Image:Part_RefineShape.svg|16px]] [[Part RefineShape|Part RefineShape]]}} (which creates an unlinked, non-parametric solid) or with the {{Button|[[Image:OpenSCAD RefineShapeFeature.svg|16px]] [[OpenSCAD RefineShapeFeature|OpenSCAD RefineShapeFeature]]}} from the [[Image:Workbench_OpenSCAD.svg|16px]] [[OpenSCAD Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]] which creates a parametric feature. |
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Latest revision as of 10:27, 6 April 2024
PartDesign Pad |
Menu location |
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Part Design → Create an additive feature → Pad |
Workbenches |
PartDesign |
Default shortcut |
None |
Introduced in version |
- |
See also |
PartDesign Pocket |
Opis
The Pad tool extrudes a sketch or a face of a solid along a straight path.
Sketch (A) shown on the left; end result after pad operation (B) on the right.
Kako koristiti
- Select a single sketch or one or more faces from the Body.
- Press the Pad button.
- Set the Pad parameters, see Options below.
- Press the OK button.
Opcije
When creating a pad, or after double-clicking an existing pad in the Tree view, the Pad parameters task panel is shown. It offers the following settings:
Type
Type offers five different ways of specifying the length of the pad:
Dimenzija
Enter a numeric value for the Length of the pad. With the option Symmetric to plane the pad will extend half the given length to either side of the sketch or face.
To last
The pad will extend up to the last face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.
To first
The pad will extend up to the first face of the support it encounters in its direction. If there is no support, an error message will appear.
Do površine
The pad will extend up to a face. Press the Select face button and select a face or a datum plane from the Body.
Two dimensions
This allows to enter a second length in which the pad should extend in the opposite direction. The directions can be switched by checking the Reversed option.
Offset to face
Offset from face at which the pad will end. This option is only available if Type is To last, To first or Up to face.
Dužina
Defines the length of the pad. This option is only available if Type is Dimension or Two dimensions. The length is measured along the direction vector, or along the normal of the sketch or face. Negative values are not possible. Use the Reversed option instead.
2nd length
Defines the length of the pad in the opposite direction. This option is only available if Type is Two dimensions.
Symmetric to plane
Check this option to extrude half the given length to either side of the sketch or face. This option is only available if Type is Dimension.
Reversed
Reverses the direction of the pad.
Direction
Direction/edge
You can select the direction of the extrusion:
- Sketch normal or Face normal: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of its normal. If you have selected several sketches or faces to be extruded, the normal of the first one will be used.
- Select reference...: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of a straight edge or a datum line selected from the Body.
- Custom direction: The sketch or face is extruded in the direction of the specified vector.
Show direction
If checked, the pad direction will be shown. In case the pad uses a Custom direction, it can be changed.
Length along sketch normal
If checked, the pad length is measured along the sketch or face normal, otherwise along the custom direction.
Taper angle
Tapers the pad in the extrusion direction by the given angle. A positive angle means the outer pad border gets wider. Note that inner structures receive the opposite taper angle. This is done to facilitate the design of molds and molded parts. This option is only available if Type is Dimension or Two dimensions.
2nd taper angle
Tapers the pad in the opposite extrusion direction by the given angle. See Taper angle. This option is only available if Type is Two dimensions.
Properties
Data
Pad
- PodaciType (
Enumeration
): Defines how the pad will be extruded, see Options. - PodaciLength (
Length
): Defines the length of the pad, see Options. - PodaciLength2 (
Length
): Second pad length in case the PodaciType is TwoLengths, see Options. - PodaciUse Custom Vector (
Bool
): If checked, the pad direction will not be the normal vector of the sketch but the given vector, see Options. - PodaciDirection (
Vector
): Vector of the pad direction if PodaciUse Custom Vector is used. - PodaciReference Axis (
LinkSub
) - PodaciAlong Sketch Normal (
Bool
): If true, the pad length is measured along the sketch normal. Otherwise and if PodaciUse Custom Vector is used, it is measured along the custom direction. - PodaciUp To Face (
LinkSub
): A face the pad will extrude up to, see Options. - PodaciOffset (
Length
): Offset from face in which the pad will end. This is only taken into account if the PodaciType option UpToLast, UpToFirst or UpToFace is used. - PodaciTaper Angle (
Angle
) - PodaciTaper Angle2 (
Angle
)
Part Design
- PodaciRefine (
Bool
): True or false. Cleans up residual edges left after the operation. This property is initially set according to the user's settings (found in Preferences → Part Design → General → Model settings).
Sketch Based
- PodaciProfile (
LinkSub
) - PodaciMidplane (
Bool
) - PodaciReversed (
Bool
) - PodaciAllow Multi Face (
Bool
)
Ograničenja
- Like all Part Design features, Pad creates a solid, thus the sketch must include a closed profile or it will fail with a Failed to validate broken face error.
- Sketches containing B-Splines often cannot be tapered properly. This is a limitation of the OpenCASCADE kernel that FreeCAD uses.
- For larger angles tapering will fail if the end face would have fewer edges than the start face/sketch.
- The algorithm used for To First and To Last is:
- Create a line through the center of gravity of the sketch
- Find all faces of the support cut by this line
- Choose the face where the intersection point is nearest/furthest from the sketch
- This means that the face that is found might not always be what you expected. If you run into this problem, use the Up to face type instead, and pick the face you want.
- For the very special case of extrusion to a concave surface, where the sketch is larger than this surface, extrusion will fail. This is a unresolved bug.
- Structure tools: Part, Group
- Helper tools: Create body, Create sketch, Edit sketch, Map sketch to face
- Modeling tools
- Datum tools: Create a datum point, Create a datum line, Create a datum plane, Create a local coordinate system, Create a shape binder, Create a sub-object(s) shape binder, Create a clone
- Additive tools: Pad, Revolution, Additive loft, Additive pipe, Additive helix, Additive box, Additive cylinder, Additive sphere, Additive cone, Additive ellipsoid, Additive torus, Additive prism, Additive wedge
- Subtractive tools: Pocket, Hole, Groove, Subtractive loft, Subtractive pipe, Subtractive helix, Subtractive box, Subtractive cylinder, Subtractive sphere, Subtractive cone, Subtractive ellipsoid, Subtractive torus, Subtractive prism, Subtractive wedge
- Transformation tools: Mirrored, Linear Pattern, Polar Pattern, Create MultiTransform, Scaled
- Dress-up tools: Fillet, Chamfer, Draft, Thickness
- Boolean: Boolean operation
- Extras: Migrate, Sprocket, Involute gear, Shaft design wizard
- Context menu: Set tip, Move object to other body, Move object after other object, Appearance, Color per face
- Getting started
- Installation: Download, Windows, Linux, Mac, Additional components, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Basics: About FreeCAD, Interface, Mouse navigation, Selection methods, Object name, Preferences, Workbenches, Document structure, Properties, Help FreeCAD, Donate
- Help: Tutorials, Video tutorials
- Workbenches: Std Base, Arch, Assembly, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework
- Hubs: User hub, Power users hub, Developer hub