Draft DXF/sv: Difference between revisions

From FreeCAD Documentation
(Updating to match new version of source page)
(Replaced content with "See Import Export Preferences.")
 
(14 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<languages/>
<languages/>
{{docnav||[[Draft_SVG|SVG]]|[[Draft_Module|Draft Module]]|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg}}


{{Docnav
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
|[[Draft_Preferences|Preferences]]
[[Image:Screenshot qcad.jpg]]
|[[Draft_SVG|Scalable Vector Graphics .SVG]]
</div>
|[[Draft_Module|Draft]]
|IconL=
|IconR=
|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg
}}

{{TOCright}}


== Description ==
==Description==
{{Emphasis|See also:}} [[FreeCAD and DXF Import]] and [[FreeCAD and DWG Import]].


Draft DXF is a software module used by the [[File:Std_Open.svg|24px]] [[Std_Open|Std Open]], [[File:Std_Import.svg|24px]] [[Std_Import|Std Import]] and [[File:Std_Export.svg|24px]] [[Std_Export|Std Export]] commands to handle the DXF file format.
This function opens a [[DXF]] file, any version from 12 to 2007, to a new document.


[[Image:Screenshot qcad.jpg]]
[[Image:Screenshot qcad.jpg]]
Line 30: Line 35:
</div>
</div>


Two importers are available, which one is used can be specified under {{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences... → Import-Export → DXF}}. One is built-in, C++-based and fast, the other is legacy, coded in Python, slower, and requires the installation of an add-on, but can handle some entities better and can create more refined FreeCAD objects. Both support all DXF versions starting from R12.
The following DXF object types are currently supported:

3D solids inside a DXF file are stored under a binary ACIS/SAT blob, which at the moment cannot be read by FreeCAD.

===C++ importer===

This importer can import the following DXF objects:
* lines
* lines
* polylines and lwpolylines
* polylines (and lwpolylines)
* circles
* arcs
* arcs
* circles
* layers (layers containing objects are converted to FreeCAD Groups)
* ellipses
* splines
* points
* texts and mtexts
* texts and mtexts
* dimensions
* dimensions
* leaders
* blocks (only geometry. texts, dims and attributes inside blocks will be skipped)
* blocks (only geometry, texts, dimensions and attributes inside blocks are skipped)
* points {{Version|0.13}}
* layers
* leaders {{Version|0.13}}
* paper space objects


===Legacy importer===
Other DXF entities are currently not imported because there is no corresponding FreeCAD object. As new functionality gets implemented, it will be possible to import more entity types.


This importer can import the following DXF objects:
== Installing ==
* lines

* polylines (and lwpolylines)
{{Emphasis|Note:}} for licensing reasons, the [[DXF]] import/export libraries are not part of the FreeCAD source code anymore. For that reason, they must be installed by you, the user, after you install FreeCAD. There is a way to allow FreeCAD to do that automatically, or you can do it manually.
* arcs

* circles
=== Automatically ===
* ellipses

* splines
Starting from version 0.15, you only need to mark the Edit-> Preferences -> Import/Export -> DXF/DWG -> "Allow FreeCAD to automatically download the DXF libraries" option to have FreeCAD take automatically care of doenloading and installing these libraries. For older versions, you will need to do it manually.
* 3D faces

* texts and mtexts
=== Manually ===
* leaders

* layers
Libraries must be downloaded from https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/Draft-dxf-importer
There is a very complete step-by-step [[Dxf_Importer_Install|tutorial]] that will explain you the necessary steps.

<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===Importera===

Detta fungerar på samma sät som öppna, men kommer att addera dxf filens innehåll till det aktiva dokumentet istället för at skapa ett nytt.
</div>

Tutorial: [[Dxf_Importer_Install|Dxf Importer Install]]


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Line 78: Line 83:
</div>
</div>


There are also two exporters. The legacy exporter exports to the R12 DXF format, the C++ exporter to the R14 DXF format. Both formats can be handled by many applications.
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===Alternativ===


===C++ exporter===
Följande parametrar kan specificeras i [[Draft Preferences/sv|Skissalternativ]] tabben (meny Redigera -> Alternativ -> Draft):
* Import stil: Detta låter dig välja på vilket sätt som objekt från dxf filen kommer att ritas i FreeCAD. Du kan välja mellan:
** None: detta är den snabbare sättet, ingen konvertering sker, alla objekt kommer att vara svarta med 2 pixels bredd (FreeCAD standard)
** Use default color and linewidth: Alla importerade dxf objekt kommer at anta nuvarande linjebredd/färg från Skisskommandolådan
** Original color and linewidth: Objekten kommer att behålla den färg och linjebredd (om det är specificerat) de har i dxf filen
** Colors mapped to linewidth: Om detta alternativ väljs så används kartfilen nedan.
* Color mapping file: Denna tillåter dig att specificera en kartfil som ska användas för översättning av dxf färger till färg och linjebredd, på samma sätt som en plottningsstil fungerar i Autocad. Kartfilen måste vara en tabb-separerad textfil. Det finns ett bra fritt program som heter [http://www.noliturbare.com/TablePrintGUI.php Plot style viewer] som kan konvertera Autocad CTB eller STB (plottstilar) filer till tabb-separerade kartfiler, klara att användas i FreeCAD. Alternativt, så har vi några [[Draft_mapping_files/sv|hemgjorda kartfiler]] tillgängliga här.
* Import texts: Detta tillåter dig att specificera om du vill importera dxf text och dimensioner eller inte. Många texter kan göra ditt arbete i FreeCAD mycket tungrott, så du kanske vill använda detta alternativ ibland.
* Import layout objects: Sätt på detta om du vill importera paper space objekt. De kommer att infogas i samma dokument som model space objekt.
</div>


Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:
== Scripting ==
* All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except [[Draft_CubicBezCurve|Draft CubicBezCurves]], [[Draft_BezCurve|Draft BezCurves]] and [[Draft_Point|Draft Points]].
{{Emphasis|See also:}} [[Draft API]] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].
* Straight edges from faces of 3D objects are exported, but curved edges only if they are on a plane parallel to the XY plane of the global coordinate system. Note that a DXF created from 3D objects will contain duplicate lines.
* Texts and dimensions are not exported.
* Colors are ignored.
* Layers are mapped from object names.

===Legacy exporter===

Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:
* All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except [[Draft_Point|Draft Points]]. But ellipses, B-splines and Bézier curves are not exported properly.
* 3D objects are exported as flattened 2D views.
* Compound objects are exported as blocks.
* Texts and dimensions are exported.
* The colors in the DXF are based on the line color of objects. Black is mapped to "ByBlock", other colors are mapped using AutoCAD Color Index (ACI) colors.
* Layers are mapped from layer and group names. When groups are nested, the deepest group gives the layer name.

==Installing==

For licensing reasons, the required [[DXF|DXF]] import/export libraries needed by the legacy version of the importer are not part of the FreeCAD source code.
For more information see: [[FreeCAD_and_DXF_Import|FreeCAD and DXF Import]].

==Preferences==

See [[Import_Export_Preferences|Import Export Preferences]].

== DWG ==

Because the DWG format is a proprietary, closed and undocumented format it is hard for open-source projects like FreeCAD to support it. That is why FreeCAD relies on external converters to read and write DWG files. To import a DWG file a converter is used to create a DXF first, which can then be processed by the FreeCAD DXF importer. When exporting to DWG the opposite conversion happens: the DXF created by the FreeCAD DXF exporter is turned into a DWG.

Note that the DXF format allows a 1:1 conversion of the DWG format. All applications that can read and write DWG files can do the same with DXF files, with no data loss. So asking for DXF files instead of DWG files, and supplying DXF files in turn, should not cause any problems.

There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/libredwg LibreDWG] (open-source, lacks support for some DWG entities).
* [https://www.opendesign.com/guestfiles/oda_file_converter ODA File Converter] (free).
* [https://qcad.org/en/qcad-command-line-tools#dwg2dwg QCAD pro] (commercial). {{Version|0.20}}

See [[Import_Export_Preferences#DWG|Import Export Preferences]] and [[FreeCAD_and_DWG_Import|FreeCAD and DWG Import]] for more information.

==Scripting==

See also: [https://freecad.github.io/SourceDoc/ Autogenerated API documentation] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics|FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].

To export objects to DXF use the {{incode|export}} method of the importDXF module.


You can export elements to DXF by using the following function:
{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
}}
}}

* For the Windows OS: use a {{FileName|/}} (forward slash) as the path separator in {{Incode|filename}}.


Example:
Example:

{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
import Draft, importDXF
import FreeCAD as App
import Draft
import importDXF


doc = App.newDocument()
Polygon1 = Draft.makePolygon(3, radius=500)
Polygon2 = Draft.makePolygon(5, radius=1500)


polygon1 = Draft.make_polygon(3, radius=500)
objects = [Polygon1, Polygon2]
polygon2 = Draft.make_polygon(5, radius=1500)


doc.recompute()

objects = [polygon1, polygon2]
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")
}}
}}



<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
[[Category:User Documentation/sv]]
[[Category:User Documentation/sv]]
</div>
</div>

{{clear}}
{{Draft Tools navi{{#translation:}}}}
{{Userdocnavi{{#translation:}}}}
[[Category:File Formats{{#translation:}}]]

Latest revision as of 13:18, 4 November 2021

Description

Draft DXF is a software module used by the Std Open, Std Import and Std Export commands to handle the DXF file format.

Qcad drawing exported to DXF, which is subsequently opened in FreeCAD

Öppna

Denna funktion öppnar en DXF fil (alla versioner från 12 till 2007) i en ny ritning. Följande DXF objekttyper stöds för närvarande:

  • lines
  • polylines och lwpolylines
  • circles
  • arcs
  • layers (layers som innehåller objekt konverteras till FreeCAD Grupper)
  • texts och mtexts
  • dimensions
  • blocks (endast geometri. texter, dimensioner och attribut inuti block behandlas inte)

Andra DXF föremål importeras för närvarande inte eftersom det inte finns något motsvarande FreeCAD objekt. Allteftersom ny funktionalitet utvecklas, så kommer det att vara möjligt att importera fler föremålstyper.

Two importers are available, which one is used can be specified under Edit → Preferences... → Import-Export → DXF. One is built-in, C++-based and fast, the other is legacy, coded in Python, slower, and requires the installation of an add-on, but can handle some entities better and can create more refined FreeCAD objects. Both support all DXF versions starting from R12.

3D solids inside a DXF file are stored under a binary ACIS/SAT blob, which at the moment cannot be read by FreeCAD.

C++ importer

This importer can import the following DXF objects:

  • lines
  • polylines (and lwpolylines)
  • arcs
  • circles
  • ellipses
  • splines
  • points
  • texts and mtexts
  • dimensions
  • leaders
  • blocks (only geometry, texts, dimensions and attributes inside blocks are skipped)
  • layers
  • paper space objects

Legacy importer

This importer can import the following DXF objects:

  • lines
  • polylines (and lwpolylines)
  • arcs
  • circles
  • ellipses
  • splines
  • 3D faces
  • texts and mtexts
  • leaders
  • layers

Exportera

Den exporterade DXF filen är kompatibel med Autocad version 12 och upp, så den ska kunna öppnas i så gott som alla applikationer som stöder dxf formatet. För närvarande så exporteras följande FreeCAD objekt:

  • linje och trådar (polylines)
  • cirkelbågar och cirklar
  • texter
  • Färger konverteras från objektens RGB färger till autocad color index (ACI). Svart komme alltid att vara "by layer"
  • lager konverteras från gruppnamn. När grupper är nästlade, så kommer lagret att får namnet på den djupaste gruppen.
  • dimensioner, vilka exporteras med "Standard" dimensioneringsstil

There are also two exporters. The legacy exporter exports to the R12 DXF format, the C++ exporter to the R14 DXF format. Both formats can be handled by many applications.

C++ exporter

Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:

  • All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except Draft CubicBezCurves, Draft BezCurves and Draft Points.
  • Straight edges from faces of 3D objects are exported, but curved edges only if they are on a plane parallel to the XY plane of the global coordinate system. Note that a DXF created from 3D objects will contain duplicate lines.
  • Texts and dimensions are not exported.
  • Colors are ignored.
  • Layers are mapped from object names.

Legacy exporter

Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:

  • All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except Draft Points. But ellipses, B-splines and Bézier curves are not exported properly.
  • 3D objects are exported as flattened 2D views.
  • Compound objects are exported as blocks.
  • Texts and dimensions are exported.
  • The colors in the DXF are based on the line color of objects. Black is mapped to "ByBlock", other colors are mapped using AutoCAD Color Index (ACI) colors.
  • Layers are mapped from layer and group names. When groups are nested, the deepest group gives the layer name.

Installing

For licensing reasons, the required DXF import/export libraries needed by the legacy version of the importer are not part of the FreeCAD source code. For more information see: FreeCAD and DXF Import.

Preferences

See Import Export Preferences.

DWG

Because the DWG format is a proprietary, closed and undocumented format it is hard for open-source projects like FreeCAD to support it. That is why FreeCAD relies on external converters to read and write DWG files. To import a DWG file a converter is used to create a DXF first, which can then be processed by the FreeCAD DXF importer. When exporting to DWG the opposite conversion happens: the DXF created by the FreeCAD DXF exporter is turned into a DWG.

Note that the DXF format allows a 1:1 conversion of the DWG format. All applications that can read and write DWG files can do the same with DXF files, with no data loss. So asking for DXF files instead of DWG files, and supplying DXF files in turn, should not cause any problems.

There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:

See Import Export Preferences and FreeCAD and DWG Import for more information.

Scripting

See also: Autogenerated API documentation and FreeCAD Scripting Basics.

To export objects to DXF use the export method of the importDXF module.

importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
  • For the Windows OS: use a / (forward slash) as the path separator in filename.

Example:

import FreeCAD as App
import Draft
import importDXF

doc = App.newDocument()

polygon1 = Draft.make_polygon(3, radius=500)
polygon2 = Draft.make_polygon(5, radius=1500)

doc.recompute()

objects = [polygon1, polygon2]
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")