Installing additional components/zh-cn: Difference between revisions

From FreeCAD Documentation
(Updating to match new version of source page)
(Updating to match new version of source page)
 
(75 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<languages/>
<languages/>

{{Docnav|[[About FreeCAD|About FreeCAD]]|[[Getting started|Getting started]]}}
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
{{Docnav/zh-cn
|[[About FreeCAD/zh-cn|About FreeCAD]]
|[[Getting started/zh-cn|Getting started]]
}}
</div>

{{TOCright}}

=Introduction=


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Line 7: Line 17:
{| align='center' width=50%
{| align='center' width=50%
|align=center|[[Image:Windows.png | alt='Windows' | link= Install on Windows]]
|align=center|[[Image:Windows.png | alt='Windows' | link= Install on Windows]]
|align=center|[[Image:Linux.png | alt='Linux' | link= Install on Unix]]
|align=center|[[Image:Linux.png | alt='Linux' | link= Install on Linux]]
|align=center|[[Image:Mac.png | alt='Mac' | link= Install on Mac]]
|align=center|[[Image:Mac.png | alt='Mac' | link= Install on Mac]]
|-
|-
|align=center|[[Install on Windows/zh-cn|在 Windows 上安装]]
|align=center|[[Install on Windows/zh-cn|在 Windows 上安装]]
|align=center|[[Install on Unix/zh-cn|在 Linux/Unix 上安装]]
|align=center|[[Install on Linux/zh-cn|在 Linux 上安装]]
|align=center|[[Install on Mac/zh-cn|在 Mac 上安装]]
|align=center|[[Install on Mac/zh-cn|在 Mac 上安装]]
|}
|}
</div>
</div>


=Help files=
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">

==安装额外的内容==
See [[Installing_Helpfile|Installing Helpfile]].
脱机文档不随所有安装程序一起发送, 并且可用作单独的包。请参阅此处 [[Installing Helpfile|安装帮助文档]]。

</div>
=External workbenches=


<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
Line 25: Line 36:
</div>
</div>


<span id="Third_party_software"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
==FreeCAD支持的外部软件==
因为这些工作台不是官方 FreeCAD 包并且没有被 FreeCAD 团队直接支持,所以你在安装它们之前应该先阅读每个扩展页上面的信息,以确定你知道你在安装些什么。并且,BUG 报告和特性请求应该直接写于每个扩展页上。
FreeCAD支持大量开包即用的外部软件。这就意味着:您只需简单地安装想用的软件,在下次重新开启FreeCAD后便可自动在其中使用此软件了。此过程中无需对其进行重新编译。本节的目标便是提供所有此类软件包的列表,同时给出在FreeCAD中使用这些软件的有关信息以及它们的获取方式。
</div>
</div>


FreeCAD supports several third party software packages out of the box. In many cases all you need to do is install the software, and when FreeCAD is restarted it will automatically find and be able to use it. This section aims to provide a list of such software packages, together with some information about where they are used in FreeCAD and where they can be downloaded.
===FreeCAD 扩展仓库===


==Support==
As of FreeCAD 0.17, the addons can be managed directly from the {{MenuCommand|Tools}} menu, so there is no need to install the macro mentioned here.


<span id="GitPython"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===GitPython===
通过 git submodules 系统(允许保证不变的更新内容)收集了有用的工作台。这个 FreeCAD 扩展仓库在 https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD-addons。这个仓库实现了一个可以从 FreeCAD 中启动的宏安装器,这样就能自动列举、下载和安装任何扩展。安装宏安装器:
一种用于与Git仓库进行交互的python库。FreeCAD中的此功能在还处于开发状态中。[[Std_AddonMgr|插件管理器]]可利用此库从Git仓库中导入各种扩展插件。此项目托管在GitHub中的 https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython 。
</div>
</div>


[https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython GitPython] is a library to interact with Git repositories. The [[Std_AddonMgr|Addon Manager]] can use this library. GitPython is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.
With FreeCAD 0.17 and higher install use the [[Addon Manager|Addon Manager]].


<span id="GraphViz"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===GraphViz===
# 右键点击 [https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD-addons/raw/master/addons_installer.FCMacro addons_installer.FCMacro] 并且选择'''另存为...'''
GraphViz是一款开源的图形可视化(graph visualization)软件。在FreeCAD中可通过{{MenuCommand|Tools → Dependency Graph...}}来令它生成依赖图。它的主页位于 https://www.graphviz.org
# 放置下载后的宏到你的 '''FreeCAD 宏目录'''。FreeCAD 宏目录位置指示在菜单 '''Macros -> Macros -> User macros location''':
[[Image:Macro_installer_01.jpg]]
# 重启 FreeCAD。扩展安装器现在会展示在菜单 '''Macro -> Macros''' 中并且能通过选择它并点击 '''Execute''' 按钮操作:
[[Image:Macro_installer_02.jpg]]
</div>
</div>


[https://www.graphviz.org GraphViz] is an open source graph visualization software. It is used by the [[Std_DependencyGraph|Std DependencyGraph]] tool.

<span id="OpenCAMLib"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===插件加载器扩展===
===OpenCAMLib===
一种提供计算机辅助制造(computer aided manufacturing (CAM))算法的开源库。在FreeCAD中的[[Path Workbench|路径工作台(Path Workbench)]]会用到它。OpenCAMLib的首页位于 http://www.anderswallin.net/CAM/ 。
</div>
</div>


[http://www.anderswallin.net/CAM OpenCAMLib] is an open source library of computer aided manufacturing (CAM) algorithms. It is used in the [[CAM_Workbench|CAM Workbench]]. See the [[OpenCamLib|OpenCamLib]] page for installation instructions.

<span id="OpenSCAD"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===OpenSCAD===
这个插件加载器是一个用于安装和管理 FreeCAD 额外内容更精细的方式。通过以上的方法安装它,或者跟随下面的指令 [https://github.com/microelly2/freecad-pluginloader pluginloader 页]。
此程序化3D实体CAD建模工具是另一种基于结构实体几何(Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG))的CAD软件。这意味着:它不能处理网格,而是专用于操作实体几何图形。在FreeCAD中,可通过在{{MenuCommand|File → Import}}与{{MenuCommand|File → Export}}菜单中选择{{MenuCommand|OpenSCAD CSG format}}或{{MenuCommand|OpenSCAD format}}文件类型来导入、导出OpenSCAD所创建的文件。您可以从 https://www.openscad.org 处搞到OpenSCAD。
</div>
</div>


[https://www.openscad.org OpenSCAD] is a solid 3D modeller. The [[OpenSCAD_Workbench|OpenSCAD Workbench]] depends on this software and the [[Mesh_Workbench|Mesh Workbench]] uses it for its Boolean tools. It is also required for the import of SCAD files with the [[Std_Import|Std Import]] tool.
The pluginloader addon has been superceded by the [[Addon Manager|Addon Manager]].


===手工安装===
==File formats==


All software in this section will be used by the [[Std_Import|Std Import]] or [[Std_Export|Std Export]] tools.

<span id="CADExchanger"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===CAD Exchanger===
全部由 python 编程的外部工作台(它们现在几乎都在编写时使用此方式)能随时很容易地手工安装,简单地下载它们(通常只需要在每个 github 扩展页上点击 **Download ZIP** 按钮),并且放置它们到你的用户 FreeCAD/Mod 目录(或者宏目录,如果他们是宏)。参考每个扩展页的资料以获得更完整的步骤说明。
此为一种用于交换CAD中所用各种文件格式的专用闭源应用程序。您可以用它把专有闭源的格式转换为FreeCAD可访问的格式。本工具的主页为 https://cadexchanger.com/ ,在此,您可以下载该软件的评估版或购买该软件的使用许可。
</div>
</div>


[https://cadexchanger.com CADExchanger] is a commercial application for exchanging various CAD file formats. There is an [https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/CADExchanger external workbench] to use this application in FreeCAD.

<span id="DXF_Importer"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===DXF Importer===
===使用 32位系统 和 FreeCAD 0.16.6706 版本的用户说明===
FreeCAD中有一个以C++编写的DXF原生导入、导出工具。 此导入器当前还未实现DXF格式的所有特性。如果您用到了那些还没有实现的特性,可通过在{{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences → Import-Export}}中选择{{MenuCommand|Use legacy python importer}}选项来开启基于python的旧版导入/导出工具。您还可以通过{{MenuCommand|Allow FreeCAD to automatically download and update the DXF libaries}}选项令FreeCAD自动从 https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/Draft-dxf-importer 下载所需文件,或自己手动下载。被选中的导入 / 导出工具用于实现{{MenuCommand|File → Import}} 或 {{MenuCommand|File → Export}}中{{MenuCommand|AutoDesk DXF 2D}}文件格式的导入导出工作。(译注:简而言之,原生导入导出器有新旧两种,旧版以python编写,功能完整但速度较慢;新版由C++编写,速度快但功能还未完整实现。)
安装之后,在以下情况,额外的工作区可能不会出现:
* 在启动 FreeCAD 时保持报告面板一直打开,然后就读到错误
* 参考这个论坛主题: http://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?t=12839#p102933
</div>
</div>


FreeCAD has a native importer and exporter for DXF files, programmed in C++. Currently they do not implement all features of the DXF format. For those features the legacy Python importer and exporter are still available. These require the [https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/Draft-dxf-importer Draft-dxf-importer] Python library. See the [[FreeCAD_and_DXF_Import|FreeCAD and DXF Import]] page for more information.
==External software supported by FreeCAD==
FreeCAD supports a whole lot of external software packages out of the box. This means, you just need to install the software and it will be automatically available, the next time you start it. There's no need to recompile it. This section aims to provide a list of all such software packages, together with some information of where it's used in FreeCAD and where you can grab them.


===CAD Exchanger===
===DWG converters===
A proprietary, closed source application for exchanging various file formats used in CAD. You can use it to convert proprietary, closed formats into a format which is accessible by FreeCAD. The homepage is at https://cadexchanger.com/ where you can download an evaluation version or purchase a license for the application.


FreeCAD cannot directly read and write DWG files. To convert DXF files to DWG files, and vice-versa, FreeCAD relies on external converters. There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:
===CalculiX===
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/libredwg LibreDWG] (open-source, lacks support for some DWG entities).
CalculiX is a suite of two finite element packages:
* [https://www.opendesign.com/guestfiles/oda_file_converter ODA File Converter] (free, but not open-source).
* CalculiX CrunchiX, or {{incode|calculix-ccx}}, is a FEM solver.
* [https://qcad.org/en/qcad-command-line-tools#dwg2dwg QCAD pro] (commercial). {{Version|0.20}}
* CalculiX GraphiX, or {{incode|calculix-cgx}}, is a GUI frontend to display the results of the solver.


See [[Import_Export_Preferences#DWG|Import Export Preferences]] and [[FreeCAD_and_DWG_Import|FreeCAD and DWG Import]] for more information.
Only the solver is supported by FreeCAD. It can be accessed from the [[FEM Workbench|FEM Workbench]] through {{MenuCommand|Solve → Solver CalculiX}}. There's a standard and experimental solver supported by FreeCAD. CalculiX can be downloaded from http://calculix.de


<span id="IfcOpenShell"></span>
===DXF Importer===
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
FreeCAD has a native importer and exporter for DXF files, programmed in C++. Currently this importer does not implement all features of the DXF format. If you rely on a not yet implemented feature, you enable an older python based importer/exporter through {{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences → Import-Export}} by activating the {{MenuCommand|Use legacy python importer}} option. You can then choose to let FreeCAD automatically download the needed files or you can grab them from https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/Draft-dxf-importer. The chosen importer / exporter is used by selecting {{MenuCommand|File → Import}} or {{MenuCommand|File → Export}} and choosing the {{MenuCommand|AutoDesk DXF 2D}} file format.
===ifcOpenShell===
IfcOpenShell是一种用来处理建筑设计所用Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)文件格式的库。可在[[Arch Workbench|建筑工作台(Arch Workbench)]]中通过{{MenuCommand|Arch → Utilities → Ifc Explorer}}来访问它。ifcOpenShell的主页位于 http://ifcopenshell.org 。
</div>


[http://ifcopenshell.org IfcOpenShell] is a library for working with the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) file format used in architectural design. The library is also used by the [[Arch_IfcExplorer|Arch IfcExplorer]] ({{VersionMinus|0.18}}) and [[BIM_IfcExplorer|BIM IfcExplorer]] tools. IfcOpenShell is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.
===Elmer===
Elmer is a multi-physics simulation software, which was open sourced in 2005. In FreeCAD its Grid and Solver modules can be used by the [[FEM Workbench|FEM Workbench]] through {{MenuCommand|Solve->Solver Elmer}}. The project's homepage is at https://www.elmerfem.org and it can be downloaded from GitHub at https://github.com/ElmerCSC/elmerfem/releases.


===FEniCS===
===IfcJson===
FEniCS is a computing platform to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), which are widely used when solving FEM problems. As such it can be used by the [[FEM_Module|FEM workbench]]. FreeCAD can import and export FEniCS meshes through {{MenuCommand|File → Import}} and {{MenuCommand|File → Export}} by selecting the {{MenuCommand|FEM mesh fenics}} file format. The homepage of FEniCS is at https://fenicsproject.org.


[https://github.com/buildingSMART/ifcJSON IfcJson] is a library required for exporting to the IFCJSON file format. IFCJSON is a new IFC format that is not yet supported by many applications.
===GitPython===
A python library which is used to interact with Git repositories. The feature is currently in development status in FreeCAD. The [[Addon Manager|Addon Manager]] can use this library to import addons from a Git repository. The project is hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython.


<span id="Pycollada"></span>
===Gmsh===
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
A 3D automatic finite element mesh generator. It can be used in FreeCAD from the [[FEM_Module|FEM workbench]] through {{MenuCommand|Mesh → FEM mesh from shape by gmsh}}. The homepage of gmsh is at http://www.geuz.org/gmsh
===pycollada===
Pycollada,又名{{incode|python-collada}},是一款用来读写COLLADA文档(一种用于交换3D场景与元素的标准)的Python库。如果您安装了pycollada,就可以通过在{{MenuCommand|File → Import}}与 {{MenuCommand|File → Export}}命令中选择COLLADA文件类型,以COLLADA导入/导出场景。此项目托管于GitHub中的 https://pycollada.github.io/ ,您可以从 https://github.com/pycollada/pycollada/releases/ 下载其发行版。
</div>


[https://github.com/pycollada/pycollada/releases Pycollada], also known as python-collada, is a Python library to read and write Collada (DAE) files. Pycollada is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.
===GraphViz===
GraphViz is an open source graph visualization software. In FreeCAD it is used to generate dependency graphs through {{MenuCommand|Tools → Dependency Graph...}} Its homepage is at https://www.graphviz.org


===ifcOpenShell===
==Rendering==
IfcOpenShell is a library for working with the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) file format used in architectural design. It can be accessed from the [[Arch Workbench|Arch Workbench]] through {{MenuCommand|Arch → Utilities → Ifc Explorer}}. It's homepage is at http://ifcopenshell.org


===LuxCoreRender===
===LuxCoreRender===
[https://www.luxcorerender.org LuxCoreRender] is a render engine, reboot of the [[LuxRender|LuxRender]] project. Officially it is not supported by the [[Raytracing_Workbench|Raytracing Workbench]], but it might be worth to give it a try. It is officially supported by the new [https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD-render Render Workbench], intended as a future replacement of the Raytracing Workbench. See the [[LuxCoreRender|LuxCoreRender]] page for more information and installation instructions.
LuxCoreRender, also known as LuxRender, is one of two currently supported render engines in FreeCAD. It is used through the workflow on the [[Raytracing Workbench|Raytracing Workbench]]. Currently only the old and abandoned LuxRender-1.x is supported by FreeCAD. If you want help to update to the new LuxCoreRender-2, get in touch with the [[Raytracing project|Raytracing project]] team. Downloads for LuxRender-1.6 can be grabbed from the LuxCoreRender GitHub release page at https://github.com/LuxCoreRender/LuxCore/releases. The homepage for the current LuxCoreRender project is at https://www.luxcorerender.org.


===ODA File Converter===
===LuxRender===
[https://luxcorerender.org/history/ LuxRender] is one of the two render engines supported by the [[Raytracing_Workbench|Raytracing Workbench]]. In 2013 the project has been rebooted becoming [[LuxCoreRender]], with a major code rewriting and compatibility breaking changes. Officially the Raytracing Workbench only supports the abandoned [[LuxRender|LuxRender]] (latest version is 1.6, 2017-12-28), while the new [https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD-render Render Workbench] (intended as a future replacement of the Raytracing Workbench) supports instead LuxCoreRender and has dropped the support for LuxRender. Anyway, even if officially not supported, [[LuxCoreRender|LuxCoreRender]] may work with the Raytracing Workbench, it might be worth to give it a try. See the [[LuxRender|LuxRender]] page for more information and installation instructions, and the [[LuxCoreRender|LuxCoreRender]] if you want to try a more modern software.
The ODA file converter is a proprietary, closed source, binary and freely available application to import and export DWG and DXF file formats. In FreeCAD it can be used from the {{MenuCommand|File → Import}} and {{MenuCommand|File → Export}} menus, when you select the {{MenuCommand|AutoDesk DWG 2D}} file type. It can be downloaded from https://www.opendesign.com/guestfiles/oda_file_converter.


<span id="POV-Ray"></span>
===OpenCAMLib===
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
An open source library aiming to provide computer aided manufacturing (CAM) algorithms. It is used in FreeCAD in the [[Path Workbench|Path Workbench]]. Its homepage is at http://www.anderswallin.net/CAM/.
===POVRay===
POVRay是一款人所共知的光线追踪器,借助它可渲染出照片级的图像。它在FreeCAD[[Raytracing Workbench|光线追踪工作台(Raytracing Workbench)]]目前所支持的两种光追器中坐有一席。可以从 https://www.povray.org 下载到POVRay。
</div>


[https://www.povray.org POV-Ray] is a well-known ray-tracer which can render photo-realistic images. It is one of two render engines currently supported by the [[Raytracing_Workbench|Raytracing Workbench]]. See the [[POV-Ray|POV-Ray]] page for more information and installation instructions.
===OpenFOAM===
A library for Field Operation and Manipulation (FOAM), which is needed by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. As such, OpenFOAM is needed by the [[FEM_Module|FEM workbench]] of FreeCAD. You can access it through the {{MenuCommand|Model → Fluid constraints}} submenu. The project resides at https://openfoam.org.


===OpenSCAD===
==Finite element==
The Programmers Solid 3D CAD Modeller is another CAD software, based on Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG). This means, it can not handle meshes, but operates exclusively on solid geometry. FreeCAD can import and export files created from OpenSCAD through the {{MenuCommand|File → Import}} and {{MenuCommand|File → Export}} menus by the selecting the {{MenuCommand|OpenSCAD CSG format}} or the {{MenuCommand|OpenSCAD format}} file types. You can get OpenSCAD from https://www.openscad.org.


<span id="CalculiX"></span>
===POVRay===
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
POVRay is a well-known raytracer which can render photorealistic images. It is one of two raytracers currently supported by FreeCAD in the [[Raytracing Workbench|Raytracing Workbench]]. You can download POVRay from https://www.povray.org.
===CalculiX===
CalculiX是两种有限元包的组合套件:
* CalculiX CrunchiX, 或{{incode|calculix-ccx}}为一种有限元求解器(FEM solver)。
* CalculiX GraphiX, 或{{incode|calculix-cgx}}为一种显示求解器计算结果的GUI前端。
</div>


[http://calculix.de CalculiX] is a suite of two finite element packages: CalculiX CrunchiX, a FEM solver, and
===pycollada===
CalculiX GraphiX, a GUI frontend. Only the solver is supported by FreeCAD. It is used by the [[FEM_SolverCalculixCxxtools|FEM SolverCalculixCxxtools]] tool.
Pycollada, also known as {{incode|python-collada}}, is a Python library to read and write COLLADA documents, a standard for exchanging 3D scenes and elements. If it is installed you can import and export scenes to and from COLLADA files through the {{MenuCommand|File → Import}} and {{MenuCommand|File → Export}} commands by selecting the COLLADA file type. The project is hosted through GitHub at https://pycollada.github.io/ and you can download the releases at https://github.com/pycollada/pycollada/releases/


<span id="Gmsh"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===Gmsh===
一种3D有限元网格自动生成器。可在FreeCAD的[[FEM_Workbench|有限元工作台(FEM workbench)]]中,通过{{MenuCommand|Mesh → FEM mesh from shape by gmsh}}来使用它。gmsh的主页位于 http://www.geuz.org/gmsh
</div>

[http://gmsh.info Gmsh] is an automatic finite element mesh generator. it is used by the [[FEM_MeshGmshFromShape|FEM MeshGmshFromShape]] and [[Mesh_FromPartShape|Mesh FromPartShape]] tools.

<span id="Elmer"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===Elmer===
Elmer是一种多物理模拟软件,开源于2005年。在FreeCAD中,可通过{{MenuCommand|Solve->Solver Elmer}}令[[FEM Workbench|有限元工作台(FEM Workbench)]]调用Elmer的网格与求解(Grid and Solver)模块。Elmer项目的主页位于 https://www.elmerfem.org ,可从GitHub中的 https://github.com/ElmerCSC/elmerfem/releases 处下载。
</div>

[https://www.csc.fi/web/elmer Elmer] is a multi-physics simulation software, which was open sourced in 2005. In FreeCAD its Grid and Solver modules are used by the [[FEM_SolverElmer|FEM SolverElmer]] tool.

<span id="FEniCS"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===FEniCS===
FEniCS是一种解偏微分方程(partial differential equations (PDEs))的计算平台,广泛应用于解决有限元(FEM)问题。自然而然,[[FEM_Workbench|有限元工作台(FEM Workbench)]]也不例外。在FreeCAD里,可通过在{{MenuCommand|File → Import}}与{{MenuCommand|File → Export}}中选择{{MenuCommand|FEM mesh fenics}}文件格式来导入或导出FEniCS网格。FEniCS的主页位于 https://fenicsproject.org 。
</div>

[https://fenicsproject.org FEniCS] is a computing platform to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), which are widely used when solving FEM problems. It is used by the [[FEM_Workbench|FEM workbench]]

<span id="Z88"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===Z88===
===Z88===
Z88 is another FEM program, containing a mesher, solver and converters, which can be used by FreeCAD's [[FEM_Module|FEM workbench]]. It can be accessed through {{MenuCommand|Solve-Solver Z88}}. Z88 distributes several packages, which all freely available, but are closed source. The Z88OS however, published under an open source license, is what is needed by FreeCAD. The homepage is at https://en.z88.de/. Z88OS is also hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/LSCAD/Z88OS if you want to compile it yourself.
Z88是另一种FEM程序,内含网格生成器、求解器与转换器,用于FreeCAD[[FEM_Workbench|有限元工作台]]中。可通过{{MenuCommand|Solve-Solver Z88}}来访问它。Z88发布了多种包,皆为闭源免费使用。而Z88OS则是发布于开源许可证之下,这正是FreeCAD所梦寐以求的。Z88的首页为 https://en.z88.de/ Z88OS也托管于GitHub上: https://github.com/LSCAD/Z88OS ,如有需要,您可以自行编译。
</div>


[https://en.z88.de Z88] is another FEM program, containing a mesher, a solver and converters. It is used by the [[FEM_SolverZ88|FEM SolverZ88]] tool. FreeCAD requires the open source Z88OS package.


<span id="OpenFOAM"></span>
==Related Pages==
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
===OpenFOAM===
一种用来实现场运算与处理(Field Operation and Manipulation (FOAM))的库,在计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD))仿真中会用到它。正因如此,FreeCAD中的[[FEM_Workbench|有限元工作台]]便会用到OpenFOAM。您可以通过{{MenuCommand|Model → Fluid constraints}}子菜单来访问它。此项目位于 https://openfoam.org 。
</div>

[https://openfoam.org OpenFOAM] is a large collection of libraries for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. OpenFOAM is used by the [[Cfd_Workbench|Cfd]] and [https://github.com/jaheyns/CfdOF CfdOF] [[external_workbenches|external workbenches]].

<span id="Related_pages"></span>
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
==相关页面==
* [[Third Party Libraries|第三方库]]
</div>

* [[Import_Export|Import Export]]
* [[Import_Export_Preferences|Import Export Preferences]]
* [[Third Party Libraries|Third Party Libraries]]
* [[Third Party Libraries|Third Party Libraries]]



<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
{{Docnav|About FreeCAD/zh-cn|Getting started/zh-cn}}
{{Docnav/zh-cn
|[[About FreeCAD/zh-cn|About FreeCAD]]
|[[Getting started/zh-cn|Getting started]]
}}
</div>
</div>



Latest revision as of 16:44, 18 April 2024

Introduction

选择你操作系统

FreeCAD 是一个真正的跨平台应用程序,基于世界知名的 Qt 框架之上。这意味着 FreeCAD 外观和行为与在 Windows, Linux 和 Mac 上是一致的。然而,安装过程在每个操作系统上是有所不同的。在下面选择你的操作系统以获得更多细节关于如何安装 FreeCAD。

'Windows' 'Linux' 'Mac'
在 Windows 上安装 在 Linux 上安装 在 Mac 上安装

Help files

See Installing Helpfile.

External workbenches

除了默认捆绑在 FreeCAD 的 工作台 以外,还有由社区成员制作的一堆很有用额外工作台和模块在网络持续增长。几个进行中的成果是收集它们和令它们方便地展示给你。下面是它们的列表。

FreeCAD支持的外部软件

FreeCAD支持大量开包即用的外部软件。这就意味着:您只需简单地安装想用的软件,在下次重新开启FreeCAD后便可自动在其中使用此软件了。此过程中无需对其进行重新编译。本节的目标便是提供所有此类软件包的列表,同时给出在FreeCAD中使用这些软件的有关信息以及它们的获取方式。

FreeCAD supports several third party software packages out of the box. In many cases all you need to do is install the software, and when FreeCAD is restarted it will automatically find and be able to use it. This section aims to provide a list of such software packages, together with some information about where they are used in FreeCAD and where they can be downloaded.

Support

GitPython

一种用于与Git仓库进行交互的python库。FreeCAD中的此功能在还处于开发状态中。插件管理器可利用此库从Git仓库中导入各种扩展插件。此项目托管在GitHub中的 https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython

GitPython is a library to interact with Git repositories. The Addon Manager can use this library. GitPython is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.

GraphViz

GraphViz是一款开源的图形可视化(graph visualization)软件。在FreeCAD中可通过Tools → Dependency Graph...来令它生成依赖图。它的主页位于 https://www.graphviz.org

GraphViz is an open source graph visualization software. It is used by the Std DependencyGraph tool.

OpenCAMLib

一种提供计算机辅助制造(computer aided manufacturing (CAM))算法的开源库。在FreeCAD中的路径工作台(Path Workbench)会用到它。OpenCAMLib的首页位于 http://www.anderswallin.net/CAM/

OpenCAMLib is an open source library of computer aided manufacturing (CAM) algorithms. It is used in the CAM Workbench. See the OpenCamLib page for installation instructions.

OpenSCAD

此程序化3D实体CAD建模工具是另一种基于结构实体几何(Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG))的CAD软件。这意味着:它不能处理网格,而是专用于操作实体几何图形。在FreeCAD中,可通过在File → ImportFile → Export菜单中选择OpenSCAD CSG formatOpenSCAD format文件类型来导入、导出OpenSCAD所创建的文件。您可以从 https://www.openscad.org 处搞到OpenSCAD。

OpenSCAD is a solid 3D modeller. The OpenSCAD Workbench depends on this software and the Mesh Workbench uses it for its Boolean tools. It is also required for the import of SCAD files with the Std Import tool.

File formats

All software in this section will be used by the Std Import or Std Export tools.

CAD Exchanger

此为一种用于交换CAD中所用各种文件格式的专用闭源应用程序。您可以用它把专有闭源的格式转换为FreeCAD可访问的格式。本工具的主页为 https://cadexchanger.com/ ,在此,您可以下载该软件的评估版或购买该软件的使用许可。

CADExchanger is a commercial application for exchanging various CAD file formats. There is an external workbench to use this application in FreeCAD.

DXF Importer

FreeCAD中有一个以C++编写的DXF原生导入、导出工具。 此导入器当前还未实现DXF格式的所有特性。如果您用到了那些还没有实现的特性,可通过在Edit → Preferences → Import-Export中选择Use legacy python importer选项来开启基于python的旧版导入/导出工具。您还可以通过Allow FreeCAD to automatically download and update the DXF libaries选项令FreeCAD自动从 https://github.com/yorikvanhavre/Draft-dxf-importer 下载所需文件,或自己手动下载。被选中的导入 / 导出工具用于实现File → ImportFile → ExportAutoDesk DXF 2D文件格式的导入导出工作。(译注:简而言之,原生导入导出器有新旧两种,旧版以python编写,功能完整但速度较慢;新版由C++编写,速度快但功能还未完整实现。)

FreeCAD has a native importer and exporter for DXF files, programmed in C++. Currently they do not implement all features of the DXF format. For those features the legacy Python importer and exporter are still available. These require the Draft-dxf-importer Python library. See the FreeCAD and DXF Import page for more information.

DWG converters

FreeCAD cannot directly read and write DWG files. To convert DXF files to DWG files, and vice-versa, FreeCAD relies on external converters. There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:

See Import Export Preferences and FreeCAD and DWG Import for more information.

ifcOpenShell

IfcOpenShell是一种用来处理建筑设计所用Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)文件格式的库。可在建筑工作台(Arch Workbench)中通过Arch → Utilities → Ifc Explorer来访问它。ifcOpenShell的主页位于 http://ifcopenshell.org

IfcOpenShell is a library for working with the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) file format used in architectural design. The library is also used by the Arch IfcExplorer (version 0.18 and below) and BIM IfcExplorer tools. IfcOpenShell is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.

IfcJson

IfcJson is a library required for exporting to the IFCJSON file format. IFCJSON is a new IFC format that is not yet supported by many applications.

pycollada

Pycollada,又名python-collada,是一款用来读写COLLADA文档(一种用于交换3D场景与元素的标准)的Python库。如果您安装了pycollada,就可以通过在File → ImportFile → Export命令中选择COLLADA文件类型,以COLLADA导入/导出场景。此项目托管于GitHub中的 https://pycollada.github.io/ ,您可以从 https://github.com/pycollada/pycollada/releases/ 下载其发行版。

Pycollada, also known as python-collada, is a Python library to read and write Collada (DAE) files. Pycollada is included in the FreeCAD installers for Windows and Mac.

Rendering

LuxCoreRender

LuxCoreRender is a render engine, reboot of the LuxRender project. Officially it is not supported by the Raytracing Workbench, but it might be worth to give it a try. It is officially supported by the new Render Workbench, intended as a future replacement of the Raytracing Workbench. See the LuxCoreRender page for more information and installation instructions.

LuxRender

LuxRender is one of the two render engines supported by the Raytracing Workbench. In 2013 the project has been rebooted becoming LuxCoreRender, with a major code rewriting and compatibility breaking changes. Officially the Raytracing Workbench only supports the abandoned LuxRender (latest version is 1.6, 2017-12-28), while the new Render Workbench (intended as a future replacement of the Raytracing Workbench) supports instead LuxCoreRender and has dropped the support for LuxRender. Anyway, even if officially not supported, LuxCoreRender may work with the Raytracing Workbench, it might be worth to give it a try. See the LuxRender page for more information and installation instructions, and the LuxCoreRender if you want to try a more modern software.

POVRay

POVRay是一款人所共知的光线追踪器,借助它可渲染出照片级的图像。它在FreeCAD光线追踪工作台(Raytracing Workbench)目前所支持的两种光追器中坐有一席。可以从 https://www.povray.org 下载到POVRay。

POV-Ray is a well-known ray-tracer which can render photo-realistic images. It is one of two render engines currently supported by the Raytracing Workbench. See the POV-Ray page for more information and installation instructions.

Finite element

CalculiX

CalculiX是两种有限元包的组合套件:

  • CalculiX CrunchiX, 或calculix-ccx为一种有限元求解器(FEM solver)。
  • CalculiX GraphiX, 或calculix-cgx为一种显示求解器计算结果的GUI前端。

CalculiX is a suite of two finite element packages: CalculiX CrunchiX, a FEM solver, and CalculiX GraphiX, a GUI frontend. Only the solver is supported by FreeCAD. It is used by the FEM SolverCalculixCxxtools tool.

Gmsh

一种3D有限元网格自动生成器。可在FreeCAD的有限元工作台(FEM workbench)中,通过Mesh → FEM mesh from shape by gmsh来使用它。gmsh的主页位于 http://www.geuz.org/gmsh

Gmsh is an automatic finite element mesh generator. it is used by the FEM MeshGmshFromShape and Mesh FromPartShape tools.

Elmer

Elmer是一种多物理模拟软件,开源于2005年。在FreeCAD中,可通过Solve->Solver Elmer有限元工作台(FEM Workbench)调用Elmer的网格与求解(Grid and Solver)模块。Elmer项目的主页位于 https://www.elmerfem.org ,可从GitHub中的 https://github.com/ElmerCSC/elmerfem/releases 处下载。

Elmer is a multi-physics simulation software, which was open sourced in 2005. In FreeCAD its Grid and Solver modules are used by the FEM SolverElmer tool.

FEniCS

FEniCS是一种解偏微分方程(partial differential equations (PDEs))的计算平台,广泛应用于解决有限元(FEM)问题。自然而然,有限元工作台(FEM Workbench)也不例外。在FreeCAD里,可通过在File → ImportFile → Export中选择FEM mesh fenics文件格式来导入或导出FEniCS网格。FEniCS的主页位于 https://fenicsproject.org

FEniCS is a computing platform to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), which are widely used when solving FEM problems. It is used by the FEM workbench

Z88

Z88是另一种FEM程序,内含网格生成器、求解器与转换器,用于FreeCAD的有限元工作台中。可通过Solve-Solver Z88来访问它。Z88发布了多种包,皆为闭源免费使用。而Z88OS则是发布于开源许可证之下,这正是FreeCAD所梦寐以求的。Z88的首页为 https://en.z88.de/ 。Z88OS也托管于GitHub上: https://github.com/LSCAD/Z88OS ,如有需要,您可以自行编译。

Z88 is another FEM program, containing a mesher, a solver and converters. It is used by the FEM SolverZ88 tool. FreeCAD requires the open source Z88OS package.

OpenFOAM

一种用来实现场运算与处理(Field Operation and Manipulation (FOAM))的库,在计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD))仿真中会用到它。正因如此,FreeCAD中的有限元工作台便会用到OpenFOAM。您可以通过Model → Fluid constraints子菜单来访问它。此项目位于 https://openfoam.org

OpenFOAM is a large collection of libraries for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. OpenFOAM is used by the Cfd and CfdOF external workbenches.

相关页面