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#REDIRECT [[Part_Workbench/zh-cn]]
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[[Image:Workbench_Part.svg|thumb|128px|Part workbench icon]]

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== Introduction ==

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== 简介 ==
FreeCAD的实体建模能力都是基于 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Cascade_Technology Open Cascade Technology] (OCCT)内核——一种具有创建与处理高级3D几何体等特性的专业级CAD系统。[[Part Workbench|零件工作台(Part Workbench)]]是一种建立于OCCT库之上的层级,为用户提供了访问OCCT几何图元与函数的功能。每种工作台(如[[Draft Workbench|底图]]工作台, [[Sketcher Workbench|草图]]工作台, [[PartDesign Workbench|零件设计]]工作台等等)的一切2D与3D绘制功能其实都是基于零件工作台暴露出的函数实现的。因此,可以认为零件工作台是FreeCAD建模功能的核心组件。
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A more detailed discussion of Part workbench versus Part Design workbench can be found here: [[Part_and_PartDesign|Part and Part Design]].

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以零件工作台创建的对象相对简单;为了构建更为复杂的几何图形,可以为之运用布尔运算(并集与减运算)。此建模范式就是尽人皆知的[[constructive solid geometry|构造实体几何]] (CSG) 工作流程,它是早期CAD系统中所用的传统方法。另一方面,[[PartDesign Workbench|零件设计工作台(PartDesign Workbench)]]还提供了更为现代的工作流程来构建几何图形:它利用参数化方式来定义草图,再将其挤压成型为基本的实体对象,最后通过参数化变换([[feature editing|特征编辑]])来修改模型,直到用户获取预期的最终模型为止。
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零件对象比[[Mesh Workbench|网格工作台(Mesh Workbench)]]创建的网格对象更为复杂,因为用户可以对前者执行更为高级的操作,如连续的布尔运算、修改历史与参数化处理。
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[[Image:Part_Workbench_relationships.svg|600px]]

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{{Caption|零件工作台是最基础的层级,它为FreeCAD中的其他工作台暴露出OCCT的各种绘制函数}}
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== 工具 ==

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这些工具皆位于{{MenuCommand|Part}}菜单。
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===图元===
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以下这些工具用于创建图元对象。

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* [[Image:Part_Box.png|32px]] [[Part_Box|Box]]: 根据指定的规格绘制一个立方体
* [[Image:Part_Cylinder.png|32px]] [[Part_Cylinder|Cylinder]]: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆柱体
* [[Image:Part_Sphere.png|32px]] [[Part_Sphere|Sphere]]: 根据指定的规格绘制一个球体
* [[Image:Part_Cone.png|32px]] [[Part_Cone|Cone]]: 根据指定的规格绘制一个圆锥体
* [[Image:Part_Torus.png|32px]] [[Part_Torus|Torus]]: 根据指定的规格绘制一个环面(torus)(圆环 (ring))
* [[Image:Part_CreatePrimitives.png|32px]] [[Part_CreatePrimitives|CreatePrimitives]]: 一种用于创建各类参数化几何图元的工具
* [[Image:Part_Shapebuilder.png|32px]] [[Part_Shapebuilder|Shapebuilder]]: 一种利用各种参数化几何图元创建更加复杂几何图形的工具
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* [[Image:Part_Cylinder.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cylinder|Cylinder]]: Creates a cylinder.

* [[Image:Part_Sphere.svg|32px]] [[Part_Sphere|Sphere]]: Creates a sphere.

* [[Image:Part_Cone.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cone|Cone]]: Creates a cone.

* [[Image:Part_Torus.svg|32px]] [[Part_Torus|Torus]]: Creates a torus.

* [[File:Part_Tube.svg|32px]] [[Part_Tube|Tube]]: Creates a tube. {{Version|0.19}}

* [[Image:Part_Primitives.svg|32px]] [[Part_Primitives|Create primitives...]]: A tool to create one of the following primitives:
**[[Image:Part_Plane.svg|32px]] [[Part_Plane|Plane]]: Creates a plane.
**[[Image:Tree_Part_Box_Parametric.svg|32px]] [[Part_Box|Box]]: Creates a box. This object can also be created with the [[Image:Part_Box.svg|32px]] [[Part_Box|Box]] tool.
**[[Image:Tree_Part_Cylinder_Parametric.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cylinder|Cylinder]]: Creates a cylinder. This object can also be created with the [[Image:Part_Cylinder.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cylinder|Cylinder]] tool.
**[[Image:Tree_Part_Cone_Parametric.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cone|Cone]]: Creates a cone. This object can also be created with the [[Image:Part_Cone.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cone|Cone]] tool.
**[[Image:Tree_Part_Sphere_Parametric.svg|32px]] [[Part_Sphere|Sphere]]: Creates a sphere. This object can also be created with the [[Image:Part_Sphere.svg|32px]] [[Part_Sphere|Sphere]] tool.
**[[Image:Part_Ellipsoid.svg|32px]] [[Part_Ellipsoid|Ellipsoid]]: Creates a ellipsoid.
**[[Image:Tree_Part_Torus_Parametric.svg|32px]] [[Part_Torus|Torus]]: Creates a torus. This object can also be created with the [[Image:Part_Torus.svg|32px]] [[Part_Torus|Torus]] tool.
**[[Image:Part_Prism.svg|32px]] [[Part_Prism|Prism]]: Creates a prism.
**[[Image:Part_Wedge.svg|32px]] [[Part_Wedge|Wedge]]: Creates a wedge.
**[[Image:Part_Helix.svg|32px]] [[Part_Helix|Helix]]: Creates a helix.
**[[Image:Part_Spiral.svg|32px]] [[Part_Spiral|Spiral]]: Creates a spiral.
**[[Image:Part_Circle.svg|32px]] [[Part_Circle|Circle]]: Creates a circular arc.
**[[Image:Part_Ellipse.svg|32px]] [[Part_Ellipse|Ellipse]]: Creates an elliptical arc.
**[[Image:Part_Point.svg|32px]] [[Part_Point|Point]]: Creates a point.
**[[Image:Part_Line.svg|32px]] [[Part_Line|Line]]: Creates a line.
**[[Image:Part_RegularPolygon.svg|32px]] [[Part_RegularPolygon|Regular polygon]]: Creates a regular polygon.

* [[Image:Part_Builder.svg|32px]] [[Part_Builder|Shape builder...]]: Creates shapes from various primitives.

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==修改对象==
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这些工具用于修改已存在的对象。通过它们即可选取待修改的对象。
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* [[Image:Part_Extrude.png|32px]] [[Part_Extrude|Extrude]]: 将对象的平面端面挤压成型
* [[Image:Part_Revolve.png|32px]] [[Part_Revolve|Revolve]]: 通过令一(非实体)对象绕某轴旋转来创建另一个实体对象
* [[Image:Part_Mirror.png|32px]] [[Part_Mirror|Mirror]]: 根据指定的镜面对选中的对象进行镜像操作
* [[Image:Part_Fillet.png|32px]] [[Part_Fillet|Fillet]]: 为对象的边倒(圆)角
* [[Image:Part_Chamfer.png|32px]] [[Part_Chamfer|Chamfer]]: 为对象的边倒角
* [[Image:Part_RuledSurface.png|32px]] [[Part_RuledSurface|Ruled Surface]]:
* [[Image:Part_Loft.png|32px]] [[Part_Loft|Loft]]: 对轮廓进行放样操作(放样成另一种轮廓)
* [[Image:Part_Sweep.png|32px]] [[Part_Sweep|Sweep]]: 沿路径对一个或多个轮廓进行扫描
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* [[Image:Part_Revolve.svg|32px]] [[Part_Revolve|Revolve]]: Creates a solid by revolving an object (not a solid) around an axis.

* [[Image:Part_Mirror.svg|32px]] [[Part_Mirror|Mirror]]: Mirrors the selected object across a mirror plane.

* [[Image:Part_Fillet.svg|32px]] [[Part_Fillet|Fillet]]: Fillets (rounds) edges of an object.

* [[Image:Part_Chamfer.svg|32px]] [[Part_Chamfer|Chamfer]]: Chamfers edges of an object.

* [[File:Part_MakeFace.svg|32px]] [[Part_MakeFace|Make face from wires]]: Makes a face from a set of wires (contours). {{Version|0.19}}

* [[Image:Part_RuledSurface.svg|32px]] [[Part_RuledSurface|Ruled Surface]]: Creates a ruled surface.

* [[Image:Part_Loft.svg|32px]] [[Part_Loft|Loft]]: Lofts from one profile to another.

* [[Image:Part_Sweep.svg|32px]] [[Part_Sweep|Sweep]]: Sweeps one or more profiles along a path.

* [[Image:Part_Section.svg|32px]] [[Part_Section|Section]]: Creates a section by intersecting an object with a section plane.

* [[Image:Part_CrossSections.svg|32px]] [[Part_CrossSections|Cross sections...]]: Creates one or more cross-sections through an object.

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* [[Image:Part_CompOffsetTools.png|48px]] [[Part_CompOffsetTools|Offset tools]]:
** [[Image:Part_Offset.png|32px]] [[Part_Offset|3D Offset]]: 根据原始几何形状在特定的距离处构建一个平行的副本。
** [[Image:Part_Offset2D.png|32px]] [[Part_Offset2D|2D Offset]]: 根据原始连线在特定的距离处创建一个平行的副本,或者缩放一个平面端面。(v0.17)
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* [[Image:Part_Thickness.png|32px]] [[Part_Thickness|Thickness]]: 镂空一个实体,在选中的面上留下开口。
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* [[Image:Part_ProjectionOnSurface.png|32px]] [[Part_ProjectionOnSurface|Projection on surface]]: 向表面上投影logo、文本或任意表面、连线、边。可以为投影部分创建一个示例或连线。(v0.19)
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* [[Image:Part_EditAttachment.svg|32px]] [[Part_EditAttachment|Attachment]]: Attaches an object to another object.

=== Boolean ===

These tools perform boolean operations.

* [[Image:Part_CompCompoundTools.png|48px]] [[Part_CompCompoundTools|Compound Tools]]:
** [[Image:Part_Compound.svg|32px]] [[Part_Compound|Make compound]]: Creates a compound from the selected objects.
** [[Image:Part_ExplodeCompound.svg|32px]] [[Part_ExplodeCompound|Explode Compound]]: Splits up compounds.
** [[Image:Part Compound‏‎Filter.svg|32px]] [[Part_Compound‏‎Filter|Compound Filter]]: Extracts the individual pieces from compounds.

* [[Image:Part_Boolean.svg|32px]] [[Part_Boolean|Boolean]]: 在对象上执行布尔运算

* [[Image:Part_Cut.svg|32px]] [[Part_Cut|Cut]]: Cuts (subtracts) one object from another.

* [[Image:Part_Fuse.svg|32px]] [[Part_Fuse|Fuse]]: Fuses (unions) two objects.

* [[Image:Part_Common.svg|32px]] [[Part_Common|Common]]: Extracts the common (intersection) part of two objects.

* [[Image:Part_CompJoinFeatures.png|48px]] [[Part CompJoinFeatures|Join features]]:
** [[Image:Part_JoinConnect.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinConnect|Connect]]: Connects interiors of walled objects.
** [[Image:Part_JoinEmbed.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinEmbed|Embed]]: Embeds a walled object into another walled object.
** [[Image:Part_JoinCutout.svg|32px]] [[Part_JoinCutout|Cutout]]: Creates a cutout in a wall of an object for another walled object.

* [[Image:Part_CompSplittingTools.png|48px]] [[Part CompSplittingTools|Splitting tools]]:
** [[Image:Part_BooleanFragments.svg|32px]] [[Part_BooleanFragments|Boolean fragments]]: Creates all pieces obtained from Boolean operations.
** [[Image:Part SliceApart.svg|32px]] [[Part_SliceApart|Slice apart]]: Slices and splits an object by intersecting it with other objects.
** [[Image:Part_Slice.svg|32px]] [[Part_Slice|Slice]]: Slices an object by intersecting it with other objects.
** [[Image:Part_XOR.svg|32px]] [[Part_XOR|XOR]]: Removes space shared by an even number of objects.

=== Measure ===

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Linear.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Linear|Measure Linear]]: Creates a linear measurement.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Angular.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Angular|Measure Angular]]: Creates an angular measurement.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Refresh.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Refresh|Measure Refresh]]: Updates all measurements.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Clear_All.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Clear_All|Clear All]]: Clears all measurements.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Toggle_All.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Toggle_All|Toggle All]]: Shows or hides all measurements.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Toggle_3D.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Toggle_3D|Toggle 3D]]: Shows or hides 3D measurements.

* [[Image:Part_Measure_Toggle_Delta.svg|32px]] [[Part_Measure_Toggle_Delta|Toggle Delta]]: Shows or hides delta measurements.

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===其他工具===
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* [[Image:Part Import.svg|32px]] [[Part Import/zh-cn|Import]]: 您可利用此工具为当前文档添加*.IGES、*.STEP、*.BREP文档。
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* [[File:Part_Export.svg|32px]] [[Part_Export|Export]]: Exports to *.IGES, *.STEP, or *.BREP files.

* [[File:Part_BoxSelection.svg|32px]] [[Part_BoxSelection|Box selection]]: Selects faces from a rectangular area.

* [[File:Part_ShapeFromMesh.svg|32px]] [[Part_ShapeFromMesh|Shape from Mesh]]: Creates a shape object from a mesh object.

* [[File:Part_PointsFromMesh.svg|32px]] [[Part_PointsFromMesh|Points from mesh]]: Creates a shape object made of points from a mesh object. {{Version|0.19}}

* [[File:Part_MakeSolid.svg|32px]] [[Part_MakeSolid|Convert to solid]]: Converts a shape object to a solid object.

* [[File:Part_ReverseShapes.svg|32px]] [[Part_ReverseShapes|Reverse shapes]]: Flips the normals of all faces of selected objects.

* Create a copy:
** [[File:Part_SimpleCopy‎.svg|32px]] [[Part_SimpleCopy|Create simple copy]]: Creates a simple copy of a selected object.
** [[File:Part_TransformedCopy.svg|32px]] [[Part_TransformedCopy|Create transformed copy]]: Creates a transformed copy of a selected object. {{Version|0.19}}
** [[File:Part_ElementCopy.svg|32px]] [[Part_ElementCopy|Create shape element copy]]: Creates a copy from an element (vertex, edge, face) of a selected object. {{Version|0.19}}
** [[Image:Part_RefineShape.svg|32px]] [[Part_RefineShape|Refine shape]]: Cleans faces by removing unnecessary lines.

* [[File:Part_CheckGeometry.svg|32px]] [[Part_CheckGeometry|Check geometry]]: Checks the geometry of selected objects for errors.

* [[Image:Part Defeaturing.svg|32px]] [[Part_Defeaturing|Defeaturing]]: Removes features from an object.

=== Context menu items ===

* [[File:Std_SetAppearance.svg|32px]] [[Std_SetAppearance|Appearance]]: Determines the appearance of a whole object (color, transparency etc.).

* [[File:Part_FaceColors.svg|32px]] [[Part_FaceColors|Set colors]]: Assigns colors to individual faces of objects.

== 首选项 ==

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* [[Image:Preferences-import-export.svg|32px]] [[Import_Export_Preferences|Preference ...]] 导入 导出
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== 脚本 ==

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{{Emphasis|参见:}} [[Part scripting|零件脚本]]
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== 教程 ==
* [[Import_from_STL_or_OBJ|从STL或OBJ文件中导入数据]] : 如何在FreeCAD中导入STL/OBJ文件。
* [[Export_to_STL_or_OBJ|导出STL或OBJ文件]] : 如何从FreeCAD中导出STL/OBJ文件
* [[Whiffle_Ball_tutorial|Whiffle球教程]] : 如何使用零件模块
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* [[Import_from_STL_or_OBJ|Import from STL or OBJ]] : How to import STL/OBJ files in FreeCAD
* [[Export_to_STL_or_OBJ|Export to STL or OBJ]] : How to export STL/OBJ files from FreeCAD
* [[Whiffle_Ball_tutorial|Whiffle Ball tutorial]] : How to use the Part Module


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Latest revision as of 15:00, 27 April 2024