Draft ShapeString tutorial/it: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "3. Creare uno smusso. :3.1. Selezionare il bordo superiore ({{incode|Edge6}}) sulla faccia anteriore del {{incode|Cubo}} nella vista 3D. :3.2. Premere {{Button|16px Smussa}}. :3.3. Nel pannello {{MenuCommand|Smussa spigoli}} andare su {{MenuCommand|Selezione}}, scegliere {{MenuCommand|Seleziona spigoli}}. Come {{MenuCommand|Modalità smusso}} scegliere {{incode|Uguale distanza}}, quindi impos...")
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3. Creare uno smusso.
3. Creare uno smusso.
:3.1. Selezionare il bordo superiore ({{incode|Edge6}}) sulla faccia anteriore del {{incode|Cubo}} nella [[3D_view/it|vista 3D]].
:3.1. Selezionare il bordo superiore ({{incode|Edge6}}) sulla faccia anteriore del {{incode|Cubo}} nella [[3D_view/it|vista 3D]].
:3.2. Premere {{Button|[[Image:Part_Chamfer.svg|16px]] [[Part_Chamfer/it|Smussa]]}}.
:3.2. Cliccare {{Button|[[Image:Part_Chamfer.svg|16px]] [[Part_Chamfer/it|Smussa]]}}.
:3.3. Nel [[Task_panel/it|pannello]] {{MenuCommand|Smussa spigoli}} andare su {{MenuCommand|Selezione}}, scegliere {{MenuCommand|Seleziona spigoli}}. Come {{MenuCommand|Modalità smusso}} scegliere {{incode|Uguale distanza}}, quindi impostare {{MenuCommand|Lunghezza}} su {{incode|5 mm}}.
:3.3. Nel [[Task_panel/it|pannello]] {{MenuCommand|Smussa spigoli}} andare su {{MenuCommand|Selezione}}, scegliere {{MenuCommand|Seleziona spigoli}}. Come {{MenuCommand|Modalità smusso}} scegliere {{incode|Uguale distanza}}, quindi impostare {{MenuCommand|Lunghezza}} su {{incode|5 mm}}.
:3.4. Premere {{Button|OK}}. Questo creerà un oggetto {{incode|Chamfer}}.
:3.4. Premere {{Button|OK}}. Questo creerà un oggetto {{incode|Chamfer}}.

Revision as of 09:01, 13 January 2024

Tutorial
Argomento
Product design
Livello di difficoltà
Base
Tempo di esecuzione
30 minuti
Autori
r-frank e vocx
Versione di FreeCAD
0.17 o superiore
Files di esempio
Draft_Shapestring_Text
Vedere anche
Nessuno

Introduzione

Questo tutorial è stato originariamente scritto da Roland Frank (†2017, r-frank) ed è stato riscritto e ri-illustrato da vocx.

Questo tutorial descrive un metodo per creare testo 3D e utilizzarlo con oggetti solidi in Part. Si seguano le seguenti indicazioni

Per utilizzare ShapeString all'interno di PartDesign, il processo è essenzialmente lo stesso dell'ambiente Part, ma ShapeString viene posizionato all'interno del Corpo di PartDesign per estruderlo. Andare alla fine di questo tutorial per ulteriori informazioni.

Aspetto finale del testo inciso.

Per disegnare una linea ausiliaria viene utilizzato l'ambiente Sketcher. Maggiori informazioni sugli strumenti di questo workbench sono disponibili in

Impostazione

1. Aprire FreeCAD, creare un nuovo documento vuoto con File → Nuovo e passare a Part.

1.1. Premere il pulsante Isometrica o premere 0 sul tastierino numerico della tastiera per modificare la visualizzazione in isometrica per visualizzare meglio i solidi 3D.
1.2. Premere il pulsante Visualizza tutto ogni volta che si aggiungono oggetti per eseguire la panoramica e lo zoom della Vista 3D in modo che tutti gli elementi siano visibili nella vista.
1.3. Tenere premuto Ctrl mentre si clicca per selezionare più elementi. Se si è sbagliato a selezionare qualcosa o si desidera deselezionare tutto, semplicemente fare clic sullo spazio vuoto nella Vista 3D.

Creare la forma di base

2. Inserire una primitva cubo cliccando su Cubo.

2.1. Selezionare Cubo nella vista ad albero.
2.2. Modificare le dimensioni nella scheda Dati dell'editor delle proprietà.
2.3. Cambiare Width in 31 mm.

3. Creare uno smusso.

3.1. Selezionare il bordo superiore (Edge6) sulla faccia anteriore del Cubo nella vista 3D.
3.2. Cliccare Smussa.
3.3. Nel pannello Smussa spigoli andare su Selezione, scegliere Seleziona spigoli. Come Modalità smusso scegliere Uguale distanza, quindi impostare Lunghezza su 5 mm.
3.4. Premere OK. Questo creerà un oggetto Chamfer.
3.5. Nella vista ad albero, selezionare Chamfer la scheda Vista e modificare il valore di Line Width in 2.0 .

Base object created from a cube and a chamfer operation.

Inserire il testo con lo strumento ShapeString di Draft

4. Switch to the Draft Workbench.

4.1. Make sure nothing is selected in the tree view.
4.2. Establish the working plane to XY (Top) by clicking on SelectPlane and pressing Top (XY).

5. Insert the text "FreeCAD".

5.1. Click on ShapeString.
5.2. Change X to 0 mm.
5.3. Change Y to 0 mm.
5.4. Change Z to 0 mm.
5.5. Or press Reset point.
5.6. Change String to FreeCAD; change Height to 5 mm; change Tracking to 0 mm.
5.7. Make sure Font file points to a valid font, for example, /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf. Press the ellipsis ... to open the operating system's dialog to find a font.
Note: for more details about working with fonts please refer to the Draft ShapeString Notes section.
5.8. Press OK. This will create a ShapeString object.
5.9. Recompute the document by pressing Refresh.
5.10. In the tree view, select ShapeString, in the View tab change the value of Line Width to 2.0.
5.11. In the tree view, select Chamfer, in the View tab change the value of Visibility to false, or press Space in the keyboard. This will hide the object, so you can see the ShapeString better.
5.12. To see the ShapeString from above change the view by pressing Top (XY), or 2 in the keyboard.
5.13. To restore the view to isometric, press View isometric, or 0 in the keyboard.

Text created as a ShapeString, that is, as a collection of edges in a plane.

Creare il testo solido 3D

6. Switch back to the Part Workbench.

6.1. In the tree view, select ShapeString, then press Extrude.
6.2. In the Extrude task panel go to Direction, choose Along normal; in Length, set Along to 1 mm; also tick the Create solid option.
6.3. Press OK. This will create an Extrude object.
6.4. In the tree view, select Extrude, in the View tab change the value of Line Width to 2.0.

Text created as a ShapeString, and turned into a solid by extrusion.

Inserire lo schizzo ausiliario per il posizionamento

Now we will draw a simple sketch that will be used as auxiliary geometry to position the ShapeString extrusion.

7. In the tree view, select Extrude, and press Space in the keyboard to make it invisible.

8. Switch to the Sketcher Workbench.

9. In the tree view, select Chamfer, and press Space in the keyboard to make it visible.

9.1. Choose the sloped face created by the chamfer operation (Face3).
9.2. Click on NewSketch. In the Sketch attachment dialog, select FlatFace, and press OK.
9.3. The view should adjust automatically so that the camera is parallel to the selected face.
9.4. Draw a horizontal line in a general position on top of the face. The length is not important; we are just interested in its position.
9.5. Constrain the left endpoint to be 2.5 mm away from the local X axis and from the local Y axis, using ConstrainDistanceX and ConstrainDistanceY.
9.6. Since the sketch is just an auxiliary object, we don't need to have it fully constrained. You can do this if you wish by assigning a fixed distance, say, 20 mm, again with ConstrainDistanceX.
9.7. Close the sketch.

Line being created with the sketcher, with constraints.

Sketch line created on top of the solid face, to be used as reference guide for positioning the extruded text.

Posizionare il testo 3D nello spazio 3D

10. In the tree view, select Extrude, and press Space in the keyboard to make it visible.

11. With Extrude still selected, in the Data tab of the property editor, click on the Placement value so the ellipsis button ... appears on the right and click on that button.

11.1. Tick the option Apply incremental changes.
11.2. Change the Rotation to Rotation axis with angle; Axis to Z (by setting the X, Y and Z values of the axis inputboxes to 0, 0 and 1 respectively, Z is the third inputbox), and Angle to 90 deg, then click on Apply. This will apply a rotation around the Z-axis, and will reset the Angle field to zero.
11.3. Change the Rotation to Rotation axis with angle; Axis to Y (by setting the X, Y and Z values of the axis inputboxes to 0, 1 and 0 respectively), and Angle to 45 deg, then click on Apply. This will apply a rotation around the Y-axis, and will reset the Angle field to zero.
11.4. Click on OK to close the dialog.

12. Switch again to the Draft Workbench.

12.1. Switch to "Wireframe" draw style with View → Draw style Wireframe, or press the Wireframe button in the view toolbar. This will allow you to see the objects behind other objects.
12.2. Make sure the Draft Snap "Snap to endpoint" method is active. This can be done from the menu Draft → Snapping → Toggle On/Off, and then Endpoint, or by pressing the ToggleSnap and Snap endpoint buttons in the Snap toolbar.

13. In the tree view, select Extrude.

13.1. Click on Move.
13.2. In the 3D view click on the upper left corner point of the Extrude object (1), and then click on the leftmost point in the line drawn with the sketcher (2).
13.3. If Snap endpoint is active, as soon as you move the pointer close to a vertex, you should see that it attaches to it exactly.
Note: if you have problems snapping to vertices, make sure only the Snap endpoint method is enabled. Having multiple snapping methods active at the same time may make it difficult to select the right feature.
13.4. The extruded text should now be inside the body of the Chamfer object.

The extruded ShapeString should be moved to the position of the sketched line that lies on the face of the base body.

Extruded ShapeString positioned in the Chamfer.

Creare il testo inciso

14. Switch back to the Part Workbench.

14.1. Switch to "As is" draw style with View → Draw style As is, or press the As is button in the view toolbar. This will show all objects with the normal shading and color.
14.2. In the tree view, select Sketch, and press Space in the keyboard to make it invisible.

15. In the tree view select Chamfer first, and then Extrude.

15.1. Then press Cut. This will create a Cut object. This is the final object.
Note: the order in which you select the objects is important for the cut operation. The base object is selected first, and the subtracting object comes at the end.
15.2. In the tree view, select Cut, in the View tab change the value of Line Width to 2.0.

Final model of a filleted cube, with carved text created from a ShapeString, Extrude, and boolean Cut operations.

Engraving 3D text with the PartDesign Workbench

A similar process as described above can be done with the PartDesign Workbench.

  1. Create the Draft ShapeString first.
  2. Create a PartDesign Body, make it active, and add a base solid by adding primitives, or using a Sketch and extruding it with PartDesign Pad.
  3. Move the ShapeString object into the active body.
  4. Attach the ShapeString object to one of the faces of the solid, or to a PartDesign Plane, using Part EditAttachment.
  5. Now create a PartDesign Pad or a PartDesign Pocket from the ShapeString, in order to produce an additive or a subtractive feature of the base body, respectively.

See the forum thread, How to use ShapeStrings in PartDesign.

Note