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{{TOCright}}


<span id="Introduction"></span>
== Einleitung ==
==Einleitung==

{{TOCright}}
[[File:Tree_Part.svg|32px]]


[[File:Part_3D_object.svg|32px]]
Ein [[Part Feature/de|Part Formelement]], oder formal ein {{incode|Part::Feature}}, ist ein einfaches Element mit einer [[Part_TopoShape/de|topologische Form]], das in der [[3D view/de|3D Ansicht]] angezeigt werden kann.


Ein [[Part_Feature/de|Part Formelement]]-Objekt, oder formal ein {{incode|Part:: Feature}}, ist ein einfaches Element mit einer [[Part_TopoShape/de|topologischen Form]], das in der [[3D_view/de|3D-Ansicht]] angezeigt werden kann.
Ein Part Formelement ist die Elternklasse der meisten 2D (Entwurf, Skizzierer) und 3D (Part, Part Design) Objekte, mit Ausnahme von Polygonnetzen, die normalerweise auf [[Mesh_Feature/de|Polygonnetz Formelemente]], oder [[Fem_FemMeshObject/de|Fem FemPolygonnetzObjekt]] für FEM Objekte basieren.


Das Part-Formelement ist die Elternklasse der meisten 2D-(Draft-, Sketcher-) und 3D- (Part-, PartDesign-) Objekte, mit Ausnahme von Polygonnetzen, die normalerweise auf dem[[Mesh_Feature/de|Mesh Formelement]] oder dem [[FEM_Mesh/de|FEM Polygonnetz]]-Objekt für FEM-Objekte basieren.
Jedes mit dem [[Part_Workbench/de|Part Arbeitsbereich]] erstellte Objekt ist im Wesentlichen ein [[Part Feature/de|Part Formelement]].


[[File:FreeCAD_core_objects.svg|800px]]
[[File:FreeCAD_core_objects.svg|800px]]


{{Caption|Vereinfachtes Diagramm der Beziehungen zwischen den Kernobjekten im Programm. Die {{incode|Part::Feature}} Klasse ist der Ursprung der meisten 2D (Entwurf, Skizzierer) und 3D (Part, PartDesign) Objekte, die eine [[Part_TopoShape/de|Part TopoForm]] haben.}}
{{Caption|Vereinfachtes Diagramm der Beziehungen zwischen den Kernobjekten in FreeCAD}}


<span id="Usage"></span>
==Anwendung==
==Anwendung==


Das [[Part Feature/de|Part Formelement]] ist ein internes Objekt, daher kann es nicht von der grafischen Oberfläche aus erstellt werden, sondern nur von der [[Python console/de|Python Konsole]] aus, wie im Abschnitt [[Part_Feature#Scripting/de|Skripten]] beschrieben.
Das [[Part Feature/de|Part-Formelement]] ist ein internes Objekt, kann also nicht von der grafischen Oberfläche aus erstellt werden, sondern nur von der [[Python_console/de|Python-Konsole]] aus, wie im Abschnitt [[#Skripten|Skripten]] beschrieben.


Der {{incode|Teil::Feature}} wird im [[Part Workbench/de|Part Arbeitsbereich]] definiert, kann aber als Basisklasse für [[scripted objects/de|skriptierte Objekte]] in allen [[Workbenches/de|Arbeitsbereichen]] verwendet werden, die 2D und 3D Geometrieformen erzeugen. Im Wesentlichen sind alle im [[Part Workbench/de|Part Arbeitsbereich]] erzeugten Objekte Instanzen eines {{incode|Part::Feature}}. Festkörperobjekte, die aus STEP oder BREP Dateien importiert werden, werden mit dem [[Part Workbench/de|Part Arbeitsbereich]] importiert, so dass sie auch als {{incode|Part::Feature}} Elemente importiert werden, wenn auch ohne parametrische Historie.
Das {{incode|Part::Feature}} wird im Arbeitsbereich [[Part Workbench/de|Part]] definiert, kann aber als Basisklasse für [[scripted objects/de|skriptgenerierte Objekte]] in allen [[Workbenches/de|Arbeitsbereichen]] verwendet werden, die 2D- und 3D-Geometrieformen erstellen. Im Wesentlichen sind alle im Arbeitsbereich [[Part Workbench/de|Part]] erstellten Objekte Instanzen eines {{incode|Part::Feature}}s.


{{incode|Part::Feature}} ist auch die Elternklasse des [[PartDesign Body/de|PartDesign Körper]], der [[PartDesign_Feature/de|PartDesign Formelemente]] und der [[Part_Part2DObject/de|Part Part2DObjekt]], die auf 2D (planare) Formen zugeschnitten ist.
Das {{incode|Part::Feature}} ist auch die Elternklasse des [[PartDesign Body/de|PartDesign Körpers]], der [[PartDesign_Feature/de|PartDesign Formelemente]] und der [[Part_Part2DObject/de|Part Part2DObjekte]], die auf 2D-(planare) Formen spezialisiert ist.


Ein {{incode|Part::Feature}} hat einfache Eigenschaften wie eine [[Placement/de|Platzierung]] und visuelle Eigenschaften, um das Aussehen seiner Knoten, Kanten und Flächen zu definieren. Arbeitsbereiche können diesem Grundelement weitere Eigenschaften hinzufügen, um ein Objekt mit komplexem Verhalten zu erzeugen.
Arbeitsbereiche können diesem Grundelement weitere Eigenschaften hinzufügen, um ein Objekt mit komplexem Verhalten zu erzeugen.


<span id="Properties"></span>
==Eigenschaften==
==Eigenschaften==


Siehe [[Property/de|Eigenschaft]] für alle Eigenschaftstypen, die geskriptete Objekte haben können.
Eine [[Part_Feature/de|Part Formelement]] ({{incode|Part::Feature}} Klasse) wird von der Basis [[App_GeoFeature/de|App GeoFormelement]] ({{incode|App::GeoFeature}} Klasse) abgeleitet, daher teilt sie alle Eigenschaften der letzteren.


Zusätzlich zu den in [[App_GeoFeature/de|App GeoFormelement]] beschriebenen Eigenschaften verfügt das Part Formelement über die {{PropertyData/de|Form}} Eigenschaft, die die [[Part_TopoShape/de|Part TopoForm]] dieses Objekts speichert; dies ist die Geometrie, die in der [[3D view/de|3D Ansicht]] angezeigt wird.
Das [[Part_Feature/de|Part-Formelement]] (Klasse {{incode|Part::Feature}}) wird von dem Grundelement [[App_GeoFeature/de|App GeoFeature]] (Klasse {{incode|App::GeoFeature}}) abgeleitet, und erbt alle seine Eigenschaften. Es besitzt auch einige zusätzliche Eigenschaften. Hervorzuheben ist eine {{PropertyData/de|Shape}}, die die [[Part_TopoShape/de|Part TopoForm]] des Objekts speichert. Dies ist die Geometrie, die in der [[3D_view/de|3D-Ansicht]] gezeigt wird. Andere Eigenschaften die dieses Objekt besitzt, sind solche die die Darstellung der [[Part_TopoShape/de|TopoForm]] beeinflussen.

Weitere Eigenschaften die dieses Objekt hat beziehen sich auf das Aussehen seines [[Part_TopoShape/de|TopoForm]], einschließlich {{PropertyView/de|Winkelablenkung}}, {{PropertyView/de|Abweichung}}, {{PropertyView/de|Zeichenstil}}, {{PropertyView/de|Beleuchtung}}, {{PropertyView/de|Linienfarbe}}, {{PropertyView/de|Linienbreite}}, {{PropertyView/de|Punktfarbe}}, {{PropertyView/de|Punktgröße}}, und eben die versteckten Eigenschaften {{PropertyView/de|Diffuse Farbgebung}}, {{PropertyView/de|Linienfarben Anordnung}}, {{PropertyView/de|Linienmaterial}}, {{PropertyView/de|Punkt Farbanordnung}}, und {{PropertyView/de|Punktmaterial}}.

Siehe [[Property/de|Eigenschaft]] für alle Eigenschaftstypen, die geskriptete Objekte haben können.


Dies sind die im [[property editor/de|Eigenschaftseditor]] verfügbaren Eigenschaften. Ausgeblendete Eigenschaften können mit dem {{MenuCommand/de|Alle anzeigen}} Befehl im Kontextmenü des [[property editor/de|Eigenschaftseditor]] angezeigt werden.
Diese sind die im [[Property_editor/de|Eigenschafteneditor]] enthaltenen Eigenschaften. Ausgeblendete Eigenschaften können mit dem Befehl {{MenuCommand|Alle anzeigen}} im Kontextmenü des [[Property_editor/de|Eigenschafteneditors]] angezeigt werden.


<span id="Data"></span>
=== Daten ===
=== Daten ===


{{TitleProperty/de|Grundlage}}
{{TitleProperty|Grundlage}}


* {{PropertyData|Proxy|PythonObject|Hidden}}: a custom class associated with this object. This only exists for the [[Python|Python]] version. See [[#Scripting|Scripting]].
* {{PropertyData|Placement|Placement}}: the position of the object in the [[3D view|3D view]]. The placement is defined by a {{incode|Base}} point (vector), and a {{incode|Rotation}} (axis and angle). See [[Placement|Placement]].
* {{PropertyData|Shape|PartShape|Hidden}}: a [[Part_TopoShape|Part TopoShape]] class associated with this object.
* {{PropertyData|Placement|Placement}}: the position of the object in the [[3D_view|3D view]]. The placement is defined by a {{incode|Base}} point (vector), and a {{incode|Rotation}} (axis and angle). See [[Placement|Placement]].
** {{PropertyData|Angle}}: the angle of rotation around the {{PropertyData|Axis}}. By default, it is {{value|0°}} (zero degrees).
** {{PropertyData|Angle}}: the angle of rotation around the {{PropertyData|Axis}}. By default, it is {{value|0°}} (zero degrees).
** {{PropertyData|Axis}}: the unit vector that defines the axis of rotation for the placement. Each component is a floating point value between {{value|0}} and {{value|1}}. If any value is above {{value|1}}, the vector is normalized so that the magnitude of the vector is {{value|1}}. By default, it is the positive Z axis, {{value|(0, 0, 1)}}.
** {{PropertyData|Axis}}: the unit vector that defines the axis of rotation for the placement. Each component is a floating point value between {{value|0}} and {{value|1}}. If any value is above {{value|1}}, the vector is normalized so that the magnitude of the vector is {{value|1}}. By default, it is the positive Z axis, {{value|(0, 0, 1)}}.
** {{PropertyData|Position}}: a vector with the 3D coordinates of the base point. By default, it is the origin {{value|(0, 0, 0)}}.
** {{PropertyData|Position}}: a vector with the 3D coordinates of the base point. By default, it is the origin {{value|(0, 0, 0)}}.
* {{PropertyData|Label|String}}: the user editable name of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string.
* {{PropertyData|Label|String}}: the user editable name of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string.
* {{PropertyData|Label2|String|Hidden}}: a longer, user editable description of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string that may include newlines. By default, it is an empty string {{value|""}}.
* {{PropertyData|Expression Engine|ExpressionEngine|Hidden}}: a list of expressions. By default, it is empty {{value|[]}}.
* {{PropertyData|Visibility|Bool|Hidden}}: whether to display the object or not.


<span id="View"></span>
==== Hidden properties Data ====

* {{PropertyData|Proxy|PythonObject|hidden}}: a custom class associated with this object. This only exists for the [[Python|Python]] version. See [[Part_Feature#Scripting|Scripting]].
* {{PropertyData|Shape|PartShape|hidden}}: a [[Part_TopoShape|Part TopoShape]] class associated with this object.
* {{PropertyData|Label2|String|hidden}}: a longer, user editable description of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string that may include newlines. By default, it is an empty string {{value|""}}.
* {{PropertyData|Expression Engine|ExpressionEngine|hidden}}: a list of expressions. By default, it is empty {{value|[]}}.
* {{PropertyData|Visibility|Bool|hidden}}: whether to display the object or not.

=== Ansicht ===
=== Ansicht ===


Most objects in FreeCAD have what is called a "[[viewprovider|viewprovider]]", which is a class that defines the visual appearance of the object in the [[3D_view|3D view]], and in the [[tree_view|tree view]]. The default viewprovider of Part Feature objects defines the following properties. Scripted objects that are derived from Part Feature will have access to these properties as well.
Most objects in FreeCAD have what is called a "[[viewprovider|viewprovider]]", which is a class that defines the visual appearance of the object in the [[3D_view|3D view]], and in the [[Tree_view|Tree view]]. The default viewprovider of Part Feature objects defines the following properties. Scripted objects that are derived from Part Feature will have access to these properties as well.


{{TitleProperty|Base}}
{{TitleProperty|Base}}
* {{PropertyView|Proxy|PythonObject|hidden}}: a custom [[viewprovider|viewprovider]] class associated with this object. This only exists for the [[Python|Python]] version. See [[Part_Feature#Scripting|Scripting]].
* {{PropertyView|Proxy|PythonObject|hidden}}: a custom [[Viewprovider|viewprovider]] class associated with this object. This only exists for the [[Python|Python]] version. See [[#Scripting|Scripting]].


{{TitleProperty|Anzeigeoptionen}}
{{TitleProperty|Anzeigeoptionen}}


* {{PropertyView|Bounding Box|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object will show the bounding box in the [[3D view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|Bounding Box|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object will show the bounding box in the [[3D_view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|Display Mode|Enumeration}}: {{value|Flat Lines}} (regular visualization), {{value|Shaded}} (no edges), {{value|Wireframe}} (no faces), {{value|Points}} (only vertices).
* {{PropertyView|Display Mode|Enumeration}}: {{value|Flat Lines}} (regular visualization), {{value|Shaded}} (no edges), {{value|Wireframe}} (no faces), {{value|Points}} (only vertices).
* {{PropertyView|Show In Tree|Bool}}: it defaults to {{TRUE}}, in which case the object will appear in the [[tree view|tree view]]; otherwise, the object will be hidden in the tree view. Once an object in the tree is invisible, you can see it again by opening the context menu over the name of the document (right-click), and selecting {{CheckBox|TRUE|Show hidden items}}. Then the hidden item can be chosen and {{PropertyView|Show In Tree}} can be switched back to {{TRUE}}.
* {{PropertyView|Show In Tree|Bool}}: it defaults to {{TRUE}}, in which case the object will appear in the [[Tree_view|Tree view]]; otherwise, the object will be hidden in the tree view. Once an object in the tree is invisible, you can see it again by opening the context menu over the name of the document (right-click), and selecting {{CheckBox|TRUE|Show hidden items}}. Then the hidden item can be chosen and {{PropertyView|Show In Tree}} can be switched back to {{TRUE}}.
* {{PropertyView|Visibility|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object appears in the [[3D view|3D view]]; otherwise it is invisible. By default this property can be toggled on and off by pressing the {{KEY|Space}} bar in the keyboard.
* {{PropertyView|Visibility|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object appears in the [[3D_view|3D view]]; otherwise it is invisible. By default this property can be toggled on and off by pressing the {{KEY|Space}} bar.


{{TitleProperty|Objektstil}}
{{TitleProperty|Objektstil}}


* {{PropertyView|Angular Deflection|Angle}}: it is a companion to {{PropertyView|Deviation}}. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is {{value|28.5 degrees}}, or {{value|0.5 radians}}. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the [[3D view|3D view]], and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
* {{PropertyView|Angular Deflection|Angle}}: it is a companion to {{PropertyView|Deviation}}. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is {{value|28.5 degrees}}, or {{value|0.5 radians}}. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the [[3D_view|3D view]], and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
* {{PropertyView|Deviation|FloatConstraint}}: it is a companion to {{PropertyView|Angular Deflection}}. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is {{value|0.5%}}. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the [[3D view|3D view]], and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
* {{PropertyView|Deviation|FloatConstraint}}: it is a companion to {{PropertyView|Angular Deflection}}. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is {{value|0.5%}}. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the [[3D_view|3D view]], and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
* {{PropertyView|Diffuse Color|ColorList|hidden}}: it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to {{PropertyView|Shape Color}}. It defaults to a list of one {{value|[(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)]}}.
* {{PropertyView|Diffuse Color|ColorList|hidden}}: it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to {{PropertyView|Shape Color}}. It defaults to a list of one {{value|[(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)]}}.
* {{PropertyView|Draw Style|Enumeration}}: {{value|Solid}} (default), {{value|Dashed}}, {{value|Dotted}}, {{value|Dashdot}}; defines the style of the edges in the [[3D_view|3D view]].

* {{PropertyView|Lighting|Enumeration}}: {{value|Two side}} (default), {{value|One side}}; the illumination comes from two sides or one side in the [[3D_view|3D view]].
The deviation is a value in percentage that is related to the dimensions in millimeters of the bounding box of the object. The deviation in millimeters can be calculated as follows:
* {{PropertyView|Line Color|Color}}: a tuple of three floating point RGB values {{value|(r,g,b)}} to define the color of the edges in the [[3D_view|3D view]]; by default it is {{value|(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)}}, which is displayed as {{value|[25,25,25]}} on base 255, <span style="background-color:#222; color:#eee; width:3em; height:12pt; padding: 2px 1em 2px;"> almost black </span>.
{{Code|code=
deviation_in_mm = (w + h + d)/3 * deviation/100
}}
wobei {{value|w}}, {{value|h}}, {{value|d}} die Begrenzungsrahmen Abmessungen sind.

* {{PropertyView|Draw Style|Enumeration}}: {{value|Solid}} (default), {{value|Dashed}}, {{value|Dotted}}, {{value|Dashdot}}; defines the style of the edges in the [[3D view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|Lighting|Enumeration}}: {{value|Two side}} (default), {{value|One side}}; the illumination comes from two sides or one side in the [[3D view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|Line Color|Color}}: a tuple of three floating point RGB values {{value|(r,g,b)}} to define the color of the edges in the [[3D view|3D view]]; by default it is {{value|(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)}}, which is displayed as {{value|[25,25,25]}} on base 255, <span style="background-color:#222; color:#eee; width:3em; height:12pt; padding: 2px 1em 2px;"> almost black </span>.
* {{PropertyView|Line Color Array|ColorList|hidden}}: it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}. It defaults to a list of one {{value|[(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)]}}.
* {{PropertyView|Line Color Array|ColorList|hidden}}: it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}. It defaults to a list of one {{value|[(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)]}}.
* {{PropertyView|Line Material|Material|hidden}}: an [[App_Material|App Material]] associated with the edges in this object. By default it is empty.
* {{PropertyView|Line Material|Material|hidden}}: an [[App_Material|App Material]] associated with the edges in this object. By default it is empty.
* {{PropertyView|Line Width|FloatConstraint}}: a float that determines the width in pixels of the edges in the [[3D view|3D view]]. It defaults to {{value|2.0}}.
* {{PropertyView|Line Width|FloatConstraint}}: a float that determines the width in pixels of the edges in the [[3D_view|3D view]]. It defaults to {{value|2.0}}.


* {{PropertyView|Point Color|Color}}: similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}, defines the color of the vertices.
* {{PropertyView|Point Color|Color}}: similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}, defines the color of the vertices.
Line 96: Line 85:
* {{PropertyView|Shape Color|Color}}: similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}, defines the color of the faces. It defaults to {{value|(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)}}, which is displayed as {{value|[204, 204, 204]}} on base 255, a <span style="background-color:#ccc; width:3em; height:12pt; padding: 2px 1em 2px;">light gray</span>.
* {{PropertyView|Shape Color|Color}}: similar to {{PropertyView|Line Color}}, defines the color of the faces. It defaults to {{value|(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)}}, which is displayed as {{value|[204, 204, 204]}} on base 255, a <span style="background-color:#ccc; width:3em; height:12pt; padding: 2px 1em 2px;">light gray</span>.
* {{PropertyView|Shape Material|Material|hidden}}: an [[App_Material|App Material]] associated with this object. By default it is empty.
* {{PropertyView|Shape Material|Material|hidden}}: an [[App_Material|App Material]] associated with this object. By default it is empty.
* {{PropertyView|Transparency|Percent}}: an integer from {{value|0}} to {{value|100}} (a percentage) that determines the level of transparency of the faces in the [[3D view|3D view]]. A value of {{value|100}} indicates completely invisible faces; the faces are invisible but they can still be picked as long as {{PropertyView|Selectable}} is {{TRUE}}.
* {{PropertyView|Transparency|Percent}}: an integer from {{value|0}} to {{value|100}} (a percentage) that determines the level of transparency of the faces in the [[3D_view|3D view]]. A value of {{value|100}} indicates completely invisible faces; the faces are invisible but they can still be picked as long as {{PropertyView|Selectable}} is {{TRUE}}.


{{TitleProperty|Auswahl}}
{{TitleProperty|Auswahl}}


* {{PropertyView|On Top When Selected|Enumeration}}: it controls the way in which the selection occurs in the [[3D_view|3D view]] if the object has a [[Part_TopoShape|Shape]], and there are many objects partially covered by others. It defaults to {{value|Disabled}}, meaning that no special highlighting will occur; {{value|Enabled}} means that the object will appear on top of any other object when selected; {{value|Object}} means that the object will appear on top only if the entire object is selected in the [[tree_view|tree view]]; {{value|Element}} means that the object will appear on top only if a subelement (vertex, edge, face) is selected in the [[3D_view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|On Top When Selected|Enumeration}}: it controls the way in which the selection occurs in the [[3D_view|3D view]] if the object has a [[Part_TopoShape|Shape]], and there are many objects partially covered by others. It defaults to {{value|Disabled}}, meaning that no special highlighting will occur; {{value|Enabled}} means that the object will appear on top of any other object when selected; {{value|Object}} means that the object will appear on top only if the entire object is selected in the [[Tree_view|Tree view]]; {{value|Element}} means that the object will appear on top only if a subelement (vertex, edge, face) is selected in the [[3D_view|3D view]].
* {{PropertyView|Selectable|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object can be picked with the pointer in the [[3D view|3D view]]. Otherwise, the object cannot be selected until this option is set to {{TRUE}}.
* {{PropertyView|Selectable|Bool}}: if it is {{TRUE}}, the object can be picked with the pointer in the [[3D_view|3D view]]. Otherwise, the object cannot be selected until this option is set to {{TRUE}}.
* {{PropertyView|Selection Style|Enumeration}}: it controls the way the object is highlighted. If it is {{value|Shape}}, the entire shape (vertices, edges, and faces) will be highlighted in the [[3D view|3D view]]; if it is {{value|BoundBox}} a bounding box will appear surrounding the object and will be highlighted.
* {{PropertyView|Selection Style|Enumeration}}: it controls the way the object is highlighted. If it is {{value|Shape}}, the entire shape (vertices, edges, and faces) will be highlighted in the [[3D_view|3D view]]; if it is {{value|BoundBox}} a bounding box will appear surrounding the object and will be highlighted.


<span id="Angular_deflection_and_deviation"></span>
=== Abweichungswert ===
===Verdrehwinkel und Winkelabweichung===


[[File:View_property_Deviation.svg|500px]]
[[File:View_property_Deviation.svg|500px]]
{{Caption|Parameter für Verdrehwinkel und Winkelabweichung: d < lineare Abweichung, α < Winkelabweichung.}}
{{Caption|Deflection parameters of {{incode|BRepMesh_IncrementalMesh}} algorithm; d < linear deflection, α < angular deflection.}}


Die Abweichung ist ein Wert in Prozent, der mit den Abmaßen in mm der Bounding-Box des Objekts zusammenhängt. Die Abweichung in mm kann wie folgt berechnet werden:
See the forum thread, [https://forum.freecadweb.org/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=45512 Deviation and Angular deflection].


{{Code|code=
deviation_in_mm = (w + h + d)/3 * deviation/100
}}

wobei {{value|w}}, {{value|h}}, {{value|d}} die Begrenzungsrahmen Abmessungen sind.

<span id="Scripting"></span>
== Skripten ==
== Skripten ==


{{Emphasis|Siehe auch:}} [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics/de|FreeCAD Skripten Grundlagen]], und [[scripted objects/de|geskriptete Objekte]].
{{Emphasis|Siehe auch:}} [[FreeCAD_Scripting_Basics/de|FreeCAD Grundlagen Skripten]] und [[Scripted_objects/de|Skriptgenerierte Objekte]].

Ein Part Formelement wird mit der {{incode|addObject()}} Methode des Dokuments erstellt.


A Part Feature is created with the {{incode|addObject()}} method of the document.
{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
import FreeCAD as App
import FreeCAD as App
Line 124: Line 122:
}}
}}


Für [[Python/de|Python]]-Subclassing sollte ein {{incode|Part::FeaturePython}}-Objekt erstellt werden.
This basic {{incode|Part::Feature}} doesn't have a Proxy object so it can't be fully used for sub-classing.


Therefore, for [[Python|Python]] subclassing, you should create the {{incode|Part::FeaturePython}} object.
{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
import FreeCAD as App
import FreeCAD as App
Line 135: Line 132:
}}
}}


<span id="Name"></span>
=== Name ===
=== Namen ===


{{Emphasis|See also:}} [[Object_name|Object name]], for more information on the properties of the Name.
See also: [[Object_name|Object name]] for more information on the properties of the {{incode|Name}}.


The {{incode|addObject}} function has two basic string arguments.
The {{incode|addObject}} method has two basic string arguments.


* The first argument indicates the type of object, in this case, {{incode|"Part::FeaturePython"}}.
* The first argument indicates the type of object, in this case, {{incode|"Part::FeaturePython"}}.
* The second argument is a string that defines the {{incode|Name}} attribute. If it is not provided, it defaults to the same name as the class, that is, {{incode|"Part__FeaturePython"}}. The {{incode|Name}} can only include simple alphanumeric characters, and the underscore, {{incode|[_0-9a-zA-Z]}}. If other symbols are given, these will be converted to underscores; for example, {{incode|"A+B:C*"}} is converted to {{incode|"A_B_C_"}}.
* The second argument is a string that defines the {{incode|Name}} attribute. If it is not provided, it defaults to the same name as the class, that is, {{incode|"Part__FeaturePython"}}. The {{incode|Name}} can only include simple alphanumeric characters, and the underscore, {{incode|[_0-9a-zA-Z]}}. If other symbols are given, these will be converted to underscores; for example, {{incode|"A+B:C*"}} is converted to {{incode|"A_B_C_"}}.


=== Label ===
<span id="Label"></span>
=== Beschriftung ===


If desired, the {{incode|Label}} attribute can be changed to a more meaningful text.
If desired, the {{incode|Label}} attribute can be changed to a more meaningful text.
* The {{incode|Label}} can accept any UTF8 string, including accents and spaces. Since the [[tree view|tree view]] displays the {{incode|Label}}, it is a good practice to change the {{incode|Label}} to a more descriptive string.
* The {{incode|Label}} can accept any UTF8 string, including accents and spaces. Since the [[Tree_view|Tree view]] displays the {{incode|Label}}, it is a good practice to change the {{incode|Label}} to a more descriptive string.
* By default the {{incode|Label}} is unique, just like the {{incode|Name}}. However, this behavior can be changed in the [[Preferences Editor|preferences editor]], {{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences → General → Document → Allow duplicate object labels in one document}}. This means that in general the {{incode|Label}} may be repeated in the same document; when testing for a specific element the user should rely on the {{incode|Name}} rather than on the {{incode|Label}}.
* By default the {{incode|Label}} is unique, just like the {{incode|Name}}. However, this behavior can be changed in the [[Preferences_Editor|preferences editor]], {{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences → General → Document → Allow duplicate object labels in one document}}. This means that in general the {{incode|Label}} may be repeated in the same document; when testing for a specific element the user should rely on the {{incode|Name}} rather than on the {{incode|Label}}.



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Latest revision as of 07:50, 7 April 2023

Einleitung

Ein Part Formelement-Objekt, oder formal ein Part:: Feature, ist ein einfaches Element mit einer topologischen Form, das in der 3D-Ansicht angezeigt werden kann.

Das Part-Formelement ist die Elternklasse der meisten 2D-(Draft-, Sketcher-) und 3D- (Part-, PartDesign-) Objekte, mit Ausnahme von Polygonnetzen, die normalerweise auf demMesh Formelement oder dem FEM Polygonnetz-Objekt für FEM-Objekte basieren.

Vereinfachtes Diagramm der Beziehungen zwischen den Kernobjekten in FreeCAD

Anwendung

Das Part-Formelement ist ein internes Objekt, kann also nicht von der grafischen Oberfläche aus erstellt werden, sondern nur von der Python-Konsole aus, wie im Abschnitt Skripten beschrieben.

Das Part::Feature wird im Arbeitsbereich Part definiert, kann aber als Basisklasse für skriptgenerierte Objekte in allen Arbeitsbereichen verwendet werden, die 2D- und 3D-Geometrieformen erstellen. Im Wesentlichen sind alle im Arbeitsbereich Part erstellten Objekte Instanzen eines Part::Features.

Das Part::Feature ist auch die Elternklasse des PartDesign Körpers, der PartDesign Formelemente und der Part Part2DObjekte, die auf 2D-(planare) Formen spezialisiert ist.

Arbeitsbereiche können diesem Grundelement weitere Eigenschaften hinzufügen, um ein Objekt mit komplexem Verhalten zu erzeugen.

Eigenschaften

Siehe Eigenschaft für alle Eigenschaftstypen, die geskriptete Objekte haben können.

Das Part-Formelement (Klasse Part::Feature) wird von dem Grundelement App GeoFeature (Klasse App::GeoFeature) abgeleitet, und erbt alle seine Eigenschaften. Es besitzt auch einige zusätzliche Eigenschaften. Hervorzuheben ist eine Daten-EigenschaftShape, die die Part TopoForm des Objekts speichert. Dies ist die Geometrie, die in der 3D-Ansicht gezeigt wird. Andere Eigenschaften die dieses Objekt besitzt, sind solche die die Darstellung der TopoForm beeinflussen.

Diese sind die im Eigenschafteneditor enthaltenen Eigenschaften. Ausgeblendete Eigenschaften können mit dem Befehl Alle anzeigen im Kontextmenü des Eigenschafteneditors angezeigt werden.

Daten

Grundlage

  • Daten (Hidden)Proxy (PythonObject): a custom class associated with this object. This only exists for the Python version. See Scripting.
  • Daten (Hidden)Shape (PartShape): a Part TopoShape class associated with this object.
  • DatenPlacement (Placement): the position of the object in the 3D view. The placement is defined by a Base point (vector), and a Rotation (axis and angle). See Placement.
    • DatenAngle: the angle of rotation around the DatenAxis. By default, it is (zero degrees).
    • DatenAxis: the unit vector that defines the axis of rotation for the placement. Each component is a floating point value between 0 and 1. If any value is above 1, the vector is normalized so that the magnitude of the vector is 1. By default, it is the positive Z axis, (0, 0, 1).
    • DatenPosition: a vector with the 3D coordinates of the base point. By default, it is the origin (0, 0, 0).
  • DatenLabel (String): the user editable name of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string.
  • Daten (Hidden)Label2 (String): a longer, user editable description of this object, it is an arbitrary UTF8 string that may include newlines. By default, it is an empty string "".
  • Daten (Hidden)Expression Engine (ExpressionEngine): a list of expressions. By default, it is empty [].
  • Daten (Hidden)Visibility (Bool): whether to display the object or not.

Ansicht

Most objects in FreeCAD have what is called a "viewprovider", which is a class that defines the visual appearance of the object in the 3D view, and in the Tree view. The default viewprovider of Part Feature objects defines the following properties. Scripted objects that are derived from Part Feature will have access to these properties as well.

Base

  • Ansicht (hidden)Proxy (PythonObject): a custom viewprovider class associated with this object. This only exists for the Python version. See Scripting.

Anzeigeoptionen

  • AnsichtBounding Box (Bool): if it is true, the object will show the bounding box in the 3D view.
  • AnsichtDisplay Mode (Enumeration): Flat Lines (regular visualization), Shaded (no edges), Wireframe (no faces), Points (only vertices).
  • AnsichtShow In Tree (Bool): it defaults to true, in which case the object will appear in the Tree view; otherwise, the object will be hidden in the tree view. Once an object in the tree is invisible, you can see it again by opening the context menu over the name of the document (right-click), and selecting Show hidden items. Then the hidden item can be chosen and AnsichtShow In Tree can be switched back to true.
  • AnsichtVisibility (Bool): if it is true, the object appears in the 3D view; otherwise it is invisible. By default this property can be toggled on and off by pressing the Space bar.

Objektstil

  • AnsichtAngular Deflection (Angle): it is a companion to AnsichtDeviation. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is 28.5 degrees, or 0.5 radians. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the 3D view, and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
  • AnsichtDeviation (FloatConstraint): it is a companion to AnsichtAngular Deflection. It is another way to specify how finely to generate the mesh for rendering on screen or when exporting. The default value is 0.5%. This is the maximum value, the smaller the value the smoother the appearance will be in the 3D view, and the finer the mesh that will be exported.
  • Ansicht (hidden)Diffuse Color (ColorList): it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to AnsichtShape Color. It defaults to a list of one [(0.8, 0.8, 0.8)].
  • AnsichtDraw Style (Enumeration): Solid (default), Dashed, Dotted, Dashdot; defines the style of the edges in the 3D view.
  • AnsichtLighting (Enumeration): Two side (default), One side; the illumination comes from two sides or one side in the 3D view.
  • AnsichtLine Color (Color): a tuple of three floating point RGB values (r,g,b) to define the color of the edges in the 3D view; by default it is (0.09, 0.09, 0.09), which is displayed as [25,25,25] on base 255, almost black .
  • Ansicht (hidden)Line Color Array (ColorList): it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to AnsichtLine Color. It defaults to a list of one [(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)].
  • Ansicht (hidden)Line Material (Material): an App Material associated with the edges in this object. By default it is empty.
  • AnsichtLine Width (FloatConstraint): a float that determines the width in pixels of the edges in the 3D view. It defaults to 2.0.
  • AnsichtPoint Color (Color): similar to AnsichtLine Color, defines the color of the vertices.
  • Ansicht (hidden)Point Color Array (ColorList): it is a list of RGB tuples defining colors, similar to AnsichtPoint Color. It defaults to a list of one [(0.09, 0.09, 0.09)].
  • Ansicht (hidden)Point Material (Material): an App Material associated with the vertices in this object. By default it is empty.
  • AnsichtPoint Size (FloatConstraint): similar to AnsichtLine Width, defines the size of the vertices.
  • AnsichtShape Color (Color): similar to AnsichtLine Color, defines the color of the faces. It defaults to (0.8, 0.8, 0.8), which is displayed as [204, 204, 204] on base 255, a light gray.
  • Ansicht (hidden)Shape Material (Material): an App Material associated with this object. By default it is empty.
  • AnsichtTransparency (Percent): an integer from 0 to 100 (a percentage) that determines the level of transparency of the faces in the 3D view. A value of 100 indicates completely invisible faces; the faces are invisible but they can still be picked as long as AnsichtSelectable is true.

Auswahl

  • AnsichtOn Top When Selected (Enumeration): it controls the way in which the selection occurs in the 3D view if the object has a Shape, and there are many objects partially covered by others. It defaults to Disabled, meaning that no special highlighting will occur; Enabled means that the object will appear on top of any other object when selected; Object means that the object will appear on top only if the entire object is selected in the Tree view; Element means that the object will appear on top only if a subelement (vertex, edge, face) is selected in the 3D view.
  • AnsichtSelectable (Bool): if it is true, the object can be picked with the pointer in the 3D view. Otherwise, the object cannot be selected until this option is set to true.
  • AnsichtSelection Style (Enumeration): it controls the way the object is highlighted. If it is Shape, the entire shape (vertices, edges, and faces) will be highlighted in the 3D view; if it is BoundBox a bounding box will appear surrounding the object and will be highlighted.

Verdrehwinkel und Winkelabweichung

Parameter für Verdrehwinkel und Winkelabweichung: d < lineare Abweichung, α < Winkelabweichung.

Die Abweichung ist ein Wert in Prozent, der mit den Abmaßen in mm der Bounding-Box des Objekts zusammenhängt. Die Abweichung in mm kann wie folgt berechnet werden:

deviation_in_mm = (w + h + d)/3 * deviation/100

wobei w, h, d die Begrenzungsrahmen Abmessungen sind.

Skripten

Siehe auch: FreeCAD Grundlagen Skripten und Skriptgenerierte Objekte.

Ein Part Formelement wird mit der addObject() Methode des Dokuments erstellt.

import FreeCAD as App

doc = App.newDocument()
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Feature", "Name")
obj.Label = "Custom label"

Für Python-Subclassing sollte ein Part::FeaturePython-Objekt erstellt werden.

import FreeCAD as App

doc = App.newDocument()
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::FeaturePython", "Name")
obj.Label = "Custom label"

Namen

See also: Object name for more information on the properties of the Name.

The addObject method has two basic string arguments.

  • The first argument indicates the type of object, in this case, "Part::FeaturePython".
  • The second argument is a string that defines the Name attribute. If it is not provided, it defaults to the same name as the class, that is, "Part__FeaturePython". The Name can only include simple alphanumeric characters, and the underscore, [_0-9a-zA-Z]. If other symbols are given, these will be converted to underscores; for example, "A+B:C*" is converted to "A_B_C_".

Beschriftung

If desired, the Label attribute can be changed to a more meaningful text.

  • The Label can accept any UTF8 string, including accents and spaces. Since the Tree view displays the Label, it is a good practice to change the Label to a more descriptive string.
  • By default the Label is unique, just like the Name. However, this behavior can be changed in the preferences editor, Edit → Preferences → General → Document → Allow duplicate object labels in one document. This means that in general the Label may be repeated in the same document; when testing for a specific element the user should rely on the Name rather than on the Label.