Arch Workbench/de

Einführung
Der Arbeitsbereich Arch (Architektur) stellt einen modernen Arbeitsablauf zur Bauwerksdatenmodellierung (Building Information Modelling, kurz BIM) für FreeCAD zur Verfügung, mit Unterstützung für vollständig parametrische Architekturelemente wie Wände, Balken, Dächer, Fenster, Treppen, Rohre und Möbel. Er unterstützt IFC- (Industry Foundation Classes) Dateien und die Erstellung von 2D-Grundrissen in Kombination mit dem Arbeitsbereich TechDraw.

Der Arbeitsbereich Arch importiert alle Werkzeuge des Arbeitsbereichs Draft, weil er dessen 2D-Objekte zur Erstellung von parametrischen 3D-Architekturobjekten benutzt. Trotzdem kann Arch auch Festkörperformen aus Arbeitsbereichen wie Part und  PartDesign verwenden.

Die BIM-Funktionalität von FreeCAD ist nun dem (Konstruktions-) Ablauf entsprechend aufgeteilt in diesen Arbeitsbereich Arch, der grundlegende Architekturwerkzeuge enthält, und dem Arbeitsbereich BIM, den der Addon-Manager zur Verfügung stellt. Dieser Arbeitsbereich BIM fügt eine neue Schnittstellenebene, zusätzlich zu den Arch-Werkzeugen, hinzu, mit dem Ziel, den BIM-Arbeitsablauf in FreeCAD intuitiver und benutzerfreundlicher zu gestalten. Siehe FreeCAD BIM Migrationsanleitung.

Die Entwickler von Draft, Arch und BIM arbeiten auch mit der größeren OSArch-Gemeinschaft zusammen, mit dem letztendlichen Ziel, den Gebäudeentwurf durch den Einsatz völlig freier Software zu verbessern.



Werkzeuge
Dies sind Werkzeuge zum Erstellen von Architekturobjekten.


 * [[Image:Arch_Wall.svg|32px]] Wand: Erstellt eine Wand von Grund auf oder unter Verwendung eines ausgewählten Objekts als Basis.


 * [[Image:Arch_Structure.svg|32px]] Struktur: Erstellt ein Strukturelement von Grund auf oder unter Verwendung eines ausgewählten Objekts als Basis.


 * [[Image:Arch_CompRebarStraight.png|48px]] Rebar tools: These tools are only available if the Reinforcement Workbench has been installed.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_Straight.svg|32px]] Straight Rebar: Creates a straight reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_UShape.svg|32px]] U-Shape Rebar: Creates a U-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_LShape.svg|32px]] L-Shape Rebar: Creates an L-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_Stirrup.svg|32px]] Stirrup: Creates a stirrup reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_BentShape.svg|32px]] Bent-Shape Rebar: Creates a bent-shape reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_Helical.svg|32px]] Helical Rebar: Creates a helical reinforcement bar in a selected structural element.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_ColumnReinforcement.svg|32px]] Column Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected rectangular column.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_BeamReinforcement.svg|32px]] Beam Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected beam.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_Slab_Reinforcement.svg|32px]] Slab Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars in a selected slab.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar_Footing_Reinforcement.svg|32px]] Footing Reinforcement: Creates reinforcement bars inside a selected footing.


 * [[Image:Arch_Rebar.svg|32px]] Custom Rebar: Creates a custom reinforcement bar in a selected structural element using a sketch.


 * [[Image:Arch_CurtainWall.svg|32px]] Curtain Wall: Creates a curtain wall from scratch or using a selected object as a base.


 * [[Image:Arch_BuildingPart.svg|32px]] Building Part: Creates a building part including selected objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Project.svg|32px]] Project: Creates a project including selected objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Site.svg|32px]] Site: Creates a site including selected objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Building.svg|32px]] Building: Creates a building including selected objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Floor.svg|32px]] Level: Creates a floor including selected objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Reference.svg|32px]] External reference: Links objects from another FreeCAD file into the current document.


 * [[Image:Arch_Window.svg|32px]] Window: Creates a window from scratch or using a selected object as a base.


 * [[Image:Arch_Roof.svg|32px]] Roof: Creates a sloped roof from a selected wire.


 * [[Image:Arch_CompAxis.png|48px]] Axis tools


 * [[Image:Arch_Axis.svg|32px]] Axis: Adds a 1-direction array of axes.


 * [[Image:Arch_AxisSystem.svg|32px]] Axis System: Adds an axis system composed of several axes.


 * [[Image:Arch_Grid.svg|32px]] Grid: Adds a grid-like object.


 * [[Image:Arch_SectionPlane.svg|32px]] Section Plane: Adds a section plane object.


 * [[Image:Arch_Space.svg|32px]] Space: Creates a space object.


 * [[Image:Arch_Stairs.svg|32px]] Stairs: Creates a stairs object.


 * [[Image:Arch_CompPanel.png|48px]] Panel tools


 * [[Image:Arch_Panel.svg|32px]] Panel: Creates a panel object from a selected 2D object.


 * [[Image:Arch_Panel_Cut.svg|32px]] Panel Cut: Creates a 2D cut view from a panel.


 * [[Image:Arch_Panel_Sheet.svg|32px]] Panel Sheet: Creates a 2D cut sheet including panel cuts or other 2D objects.


 * [[Image:Arch_Nest.svg|32px]] Nest: Allows to nest several flat objects inside a container shape.


 * [[Image:Arch_Equipment.svg|32px]] Equipment: Creates an equipment or furniture object.


 * [[Image:Arch_Frame.svg|32px]] Frame: Creates a frame object from a selected layout.


 * [[Image:Arch_Fence.svg|32px]] Fence: Creates a fence object from a selected post and path.


 * [[Image:Arch_Truss.svg|32px]] Truss: Creates a truss from a selected line or from scratch.


 * [[Image:Arch_Profile.svg|32px]] Profile: Creates a parametric 2D profile.


 * [[Image:Arch_CompSetMaterial.png|48px]] Material tools


 * [[Image:Arch_SetMaterial.svg|32px]] Material: Creates a material and attributes it to selected objects, if any.


 * [[Image:Arch_MultiMaterial.svg|32px]] Multi-Material: Creates a multi-material and attributes it to selected objects, if any.


 * [[Image:Arch_Schedule.svg|32px]] Schedule: Creates different types of schedules.


 * [[Image:Arch_CompPipe.png|48px]] Pipe tools


 * [[Image:Arch_Pipe.svg|32px]] Pipe: Creates a pipe.


 * [[Image:Arch_PipeConnector.svg|32px]] Connector: Creates a corner or T-connection between 2 or 3 selected pipes.



Änderungswerkzeuge
Hier die Werkzeuge zur Änderung von Architekturobjekten:


 * [[Image:Arch_CutPlane.svg|32px]] Cut with plane: Cuts an object according to a plane.


 * [[Image:Arch_CutLine.svg|32px]] Cut with line: Cuts an object according to a line.


 * [[Image:Arch_Add.svg|32px]] Add component: Adds objects to a component.


 * [[Image:Arch_Remove.svg|32px]] Remove component: Subtracts or removes objects from a component.


 * [[Image:Arch_Survey.svg|32px]] Survey: Enters or leaves surveying mode.

Hilfsmittel
Hier sind zusätzliche Hilfsmittel für spezifische Aufgaben:


 * [[Image:Arch_Component.svg|32px]] Component: Creates a non-parametric Arch component.


 * [[Image:Arch_CloneComponent.svg|32px]] Clone component: Produces Arch Components that are clones of selected Arch objects (not to be confused with Draft Clone).


 * [[Image:Arch_SplitMesh.svg|32px]] Split Mesh: Splits a selected mesh into separate components.


 * [[Image:Arch_MeshToShape.svg|32px]] Mesh to Shape: Converts a mesh into a shape, unifying coplanar faces.


 * [[Image:Arch_SelectNonSolidMeshes.svg|32px]] Select non-manifold meshes: Selects all non-manifold meshes from the current selection or from the document.


 * [[Image:Arch_RemoveShape.svg|32px]] Remove Shape from Arch: Turns cubic shape-based Arch object fully parametric.


 * [[Image:Arch_CloseHoles.svg|32px]] Close holes: Closes holes in a selected shape-based object.


 * [[Image:Arch_MergeWalls.svg|32px]] Merge Walls: Merge two or more walls.


 * [[Image:Arch_Check.svg|32px]] Check: Check if the selected objects are solids and don't contain defects.


 * [[Image:Arch_ToggleIfcBrepFlag.svg|32px]] Toggle IFC Brep flag: Forces a selected object to be exported as an IfcFacetedBrep.


 * [[Image:Arch_3Views.svg|32px]] 3 Views from mesh: Creates top, front and side views from a mesh.


 * [[Image:Arch_IfcSpreadsheet.svg|32px]] Create IFC spreadsheet...: Creates a spreadsheet to store IFC properties of an object.


 * [[Image:Arch_ToggleSubs.svg|32px]] Toggle subcomponents: Shows or hides the subcomponents of an Arch object.

Einstellungen

 * [[Image:Preferences-arch.svg|32px]] Einstellungen: Einstellungen für das Standard-Aussehen von Wänden, Strukturen, Bewehrungen, Fenstern, Treppen, Paneelen, Rastern und Achsen.



Dateiformate

 * IFC : Industrie-Fundament-Klassen
 * DAE : Collada-Netz-Format
 * OBJ : OBJ-Netz-Format (nur Export)
 * JSON : JavaScript-Object-Notation-Format (nur Export)
 * 3DS : 3DS-Format (nur Import)
 * SHP: GIS-Formdateien (nur Import)

API
Der Arbeitsbereich Arch kann mit den Funktionen der Arch Python API in Python-Skripten und Makros verwendet werden.

Übungen

 * Umstieg auf FreeCAD von Revit
 * Architektur Arbeitsablauf: Ein Beispiel, wie FreeCAD anfangen kann, einen vorbereitenden Platz in einem Architektur Arbeitsablauf einzunehmen.
 * Arch Tutorium(v0.14)
 * Schnelle Arch Übersicht auf Yorik's Blog(v0.13)
 * Video Präsentation des Arch Arbeitsbereichs (2016)
 * Arch Paneel Tutorium (v0.15)
 * BIM Modellierungskapitel aus dem FreeCAD Handbuch
 * Import von STL oder OBJ
 * Export nach STL oder OBJ