Which workbench should I choose/fr

Si vous êtes nouveau dans FreeCAD, il y a de fortes chances que vous vous demandiez avec quel atelier vous devriez commencer à travailler. Cette page vous aidera à choisir par où commencer.

Les ateliers sont des ensembles d'outils, de boutons, de panneaux et d'autres éléments d'interface regroupés. Il s'agit en quelque sorte d'une application à l'intérieur d'une application. Dans FreeCAD, les ateliers regroupent généralement un ensemble d'outils adaptés à un usage particulier, comme le dessin 2D, la conception d'objets 3D, la conception de bateaux, la conception de trajectoires de robots, la conception de bâtiments, et bien plus encore.

FreeCAD est livré avec plusieurs ateliers intégrés, mais de nombreux autres ateliers sont disponibles et peuvent être facilement installés via le gestionnaire des extensions.

Les nouveaux utilisateurs de FreeCAD commencent généralement par utiliser et apprendre un ou deux ateliers particuliers, puis explorent d'autres domaines de FreeCAD et ajoutent les outils qu'ils trouvent intéressants. Cependant, avant de plonger dans des ateliers particuliers, assurez-vous de lire les pages Démarrer avec FreeCAD et Manuel : Navigation dans la vue 3D car elles fournissent des connaissances génériques dont vous aurez besoin partout dans FreeCAD. Le Manuel : Introduction est un autre bon moyen de découvrir FreeCAD pas à pas, de manière linéaire.

Le premier atelier que vous devriez utiliser dépend de ce que vous avez l'intention de faire avec FreeCAD. Nous voyons généralement les nouveaux utilisateurs arriver avec l'une des exigences suivantes :



Je n'ai aucune expérience en CAO et je souhaite concevoir et imprimer en 3D un objet
C'est probablement le cas d'utilisation le plus courant parmi les nouveaux utilisateurs de FreeCAD, et c'est ce que FreeCAD fait le mieux. Il dispose d'un atelier spécifique pour cela : l'atelier PartDesign. PartDesign contient également tous les outils de l'atelier Sketcher, ce qui vous permet d'apprendre et d'utiliser deux ateliers en un.

Lorsque vous démarrez un nouveau modèle avec PartDesign, vous devez généralement commencer par créer un corps (body en anglais). Un corps est à la fois un conteneur pour les sous-formes et le résultat, votre objet final. Pensez "un objet = un corps". Le corps, bien qu'il puisse être composé de plusieurs parties, doit toujours représenter un seul objet assemblé, sans aucune pièce détachée. La plupart des opérations que vous effectuez sur ou à l'intérieur d'un corps vous empêcheront de créer des pièces détachées.

Le plus souvent, les opérations effectuées à l'intérieur d'un organisme sont les suivantes :


 * 1) Dessiner une forme 2D fermée (également appelée esquisses) sur un plan de l'espace 3D (par exemple, sur le plan (XY) ou sur une face d'une pièce existante). L'esquisse est une fonction très puissante de FreeCAD. Elle peut contenir des segments linéaires ou courbes, mais aussi des éléments complexes tels que des contraintes ou une géométrie de construction.
 * 2) Extruder cette forme pour qu'elle forme un solide
 * 3) Utiliser ce solide comme addition ou une soustraction d'un autre solide
 * 4) Vous pouvez appliquer des finitions telles que des congés sur certaines faces

Répétez ce processus jusqu'à ce que vous obteniez votre objet fini. Consultez la liste des tutoriels ci-dessous pour obtenir des informations plus approfondies et des exemples de processus de modélisation typiques. Lorsque vous avez terminé de modéliser votre objet, il est temps de l'envoyer à l'imprimante 3D. Cela signifie généralement


 * 1) Assurez-vous que votre imprimante 3D est installée et qu'une application de découpe est prête (une application chargée de transformer un objet 3D en commandes pour l'imprimante, telle que slic3r ou cura).
 * 2) Sélectionnez votre corps (votre objet final)
 * 3) Allez au menu Fichier -> Exporter et exportez votre objet dans un format supporté par votre application de slicer, généralement le format STL.
 * 4) Ouvrez le fichier STL dans le slicer, réglez les paramètres corrects pour votre imprimante et appuyez sur le bouton "imprimer".

Il existe de nombreux autres endroits dans cette documentation pour en savoir plus sur le flux de travail de PartDesign et sur l'utilisation de Sketcher :


 * En savoir plus sur l'atelier atelier PartDesign
 * En savoir plus sur l'atelier Sketcher
 * Tutoriel : Créer une pièce simple avec PartDesign
 * Tutoriel : Tutoriel d'introduction Part Design
 * Tutoriel : Manuel: Modélisation pour la conception de produits
 * Tutoriel : Exporter des STL ou OBJ

I have some experience with SolidWorks or something similar. I want to do product design and assemblies
The first part of your use case is pretty similar to the one above. You would typically use the PartDesign Workbench, which also contains all the tools of the Sketcher Workbench. You will typically design one body for each individual part of your assembly.

Once you have your different parts, you'll need to assemble them together. FreeCAD does not at the moment feature a default, unique assembly workbench. Rather, there are several assembly add-ons that you can easily install via the Addons manager:


 * The A2plus Workbench provides tools to create multi-part assemblies. It is the oldest that we have in FreeCAD. It was born before advanced features like App Link objects were available in FreeCAD, so it is more basic and simpler, which can be a problem or an advantage.
 * The Assembly3 Workbench is used to perform assembly of different bodies contained in a single file or in multiple documents. It was a testbed for the App Link object that was eventually included in the master code. It is the most complex solution and supports things like interactive kinematics.
 * The Assembly4 Workbench is a solution based on the enhanced expression engine and the App Link object developed in the branch of Assembly3. Assembly4 does not work with a proper constraint solver, instead it uses the expression engine to position bodies with respect to Local Coordinate Systems (LCS).

The one best for you to choose depends on your requirements, and it's not easy to tell beforehand.We suggest you try Assembly4 first, then try Assembly3 if you need something more complex, or A2Plus if it is too complex for your needs.

I have some experience with AutoCAD or something similar. I want to do 2D drawing
Although FreeCAD is primarily a 3D application, it has all the tools to fully draw and annotate complex 2D designs such as house plans, and to either print them, export them as PDF documents, or export them to other formats supported by other traditional 2D CAD applications, such as DXF or DWG.

The workbench of choice for 2D Drafting is the Draft Workbench. Draft features all the tools commonly found in traditional CAD applications, such as lines, rectangles, arcs, splines, hatch fillings, texts or dimensions, and tools to modify objects, such as move, rotate, extend, scale, offset and so on.

The objects you draw can be grouped together using groups or layers, and the drawings you create can be exported as DXF/DWG files, or placed at a certain scale on a sheet that represents a sheet of paper. This sheet can then be printed or exported as a PDF file.

Differently to traditional 2D CAD applications, though, FreeCAD is primarily a 3D CAD application. So a first step you will need to do when starting to work with Draft tools is to choose in which plane of the 3D space you will want to draw your design. Traditionally, this is done in the XY plane, which would be a horizontal plane laying on the ground, at altitude zero.

In Draft, you do that by setting your working plane. The working plane is where next drawing operations (line, rectangle, etc) will be done. You can change the working plane anytime, but you also can set FreeCAD up so it always starts with the working plane set to the ground XY plane, and never worry about this anymore.

Make sure you read how to navigate in the 3D space, so you know how to set your viewpoint to look directly at your working plane from above, and get back to that viewpoint if you move away from it. This will ensure you a comfortable working space, similar to the application you know.

Once your working plane is set, all you need to do is start drawing. Explore the list of available Draft tools to know what is there, but they will basically behave similarly to other 2D CAD applications. For example, draw lines that represent the boundary of a terrain, or a rectangle that represents a house.

When working with Draft, you usually draw in real size. One meter is one meter. Make sure you set up your working units to your liking. Also, make use of the snapping tools to position your points precisely.

Grouping your objects can be done using groups or layers. Layers are simply groups that can control the color and other aspects of the objects placed inside them.

When your drawing is ready to be exported, simply select everything you want to export (or the groups/layers containing them), and use menu File -> Export, and choose the DXF or DWG format. Note that DWG capabilities of FreeCAD depend on external software.

To print or export your drawing as a PDF file, you make use of the TechDraw Workbench. TechDraw is used to create printable sheets, place on them templates and other page graphical elements, and views of your 2D or 3D models. A typical workflow with Draft and TechDraw includes:


 * 1) Set your working plane as the XY (top) plane
 * 2) Creating your drawing using Draft tools
 * 3) Make sure to group all the components of your drawing into groups or layers, and have one root group or layer container that contains all the layers or subgroups of your drawing. This makes it easier to place it in one go on a sheet. You would typically create a different group for each separate drawing, so you can control their positions and scales independently on the sheet.
 * 4) Switch to the TechDraw workbench
 * 5) Create a new page
 * 6) Set or adjust its template
 * 7) For each of your Draft drawings, use the Draft view tool to create a view of it on the sheet
 * 8) Adjust the scale and position of each view
 * 9) Print or save he sheet as a PDF file from the TechDraw menu

Here is more material about Draft and 2D drawing in FreeCAD:


 * All the Draft Workbench tools
 * Tutorial: Traditional 2D drafting
 * Tutorial: Draft tutorial
 * Tutorial: Basic Sketcher Tutorial. The sketcher can be used to create much more complex and advanced 2D elements than you can do in Draft

I have some experience with Revit or ArchiCAD or another BIM application. I want to do BIM modelling
Your workbench of choice is the BIM Workbench. It is not part of the built-in workbenches of FreeCAD, you need to install it via the Std_AddonMgr. The Arch Workbench, bundled with FreeCAD, is a minimal subset of the BIM workbench tools, that will allow your BIM models to be correctly opened on any installation of FreeCAD, even without the BIM workbench.

The BIM workbench contains all the tools usually found in BIM applications to model building components, such as wall, window, door, etc. It also contains most of the Draft tools, an uses the same working plane concept, where your next objects will lie on the current working plane.

There is no mandatory building structure organization (ex. floors) in FreeCAD. You can choose to group your BIM objects into groups or layers, similarly to Draft, but you can also make use of the Building Part object to represent levels or buildings, and achieve a similar organization as usually found in other BIM applications.

Most BIM tools such as walls and windows will create an object on their own, by selecting options in the task panel and clicking points in the 3D view, but they can also all work by selecting other objects before. For example, you can draw a wall by selecting the wall tool and then clicking two points, but you can also draw a line or polyline first, then, with that object selected, press the Wall button. A wall will be built on top of that polyline, and use it as its baseline. If you modify the polyline, the wall will change accordingly.

The different BIM tools such as wall, window, column, etc... will produce a corresponding wall, window or column object. However, the type of the produced object is defined by and only by its IFC type property, which can be changed anytime. So you can use the wall tool to model a beam for example. You only have to change its IFC type from "wall" to "beam" afterwards.

Similarly, any object created with another workbench or even another application can become a BIM object. Using the Create component tool, you can add BIM properties (included the IFC Type property) to any other object.

After creating a BIM model, which is nothing else than a 3D model where all objects have defined BIM/IFC properties, you can do several operations such as:


 * Exporting it to the IFC formatby selecting your model root container (group or building part) and hitting menu File -> Export and selecting IFC. The IFC format is the standard exchange format for BIM models and is supported by all BIM applications
 * Extract 2D drawings such as floor plans, sections or elevations. This is done by placing section planes in your model
 * Create drawings from these section planes. This is done either (and preferably) as an intermediary step, using the Draft Shape2DView tool, which can then be further annotated with Draft tools, or directly placed on a TechDraw sheet using the TechDraw ArchView tool
 * Create schedules or quantities tables using the Arch Schedule tool and the Spreadsheet Workbench
 * Export your model to another application to create 3D renderings, such as Blender. This is usually done by selecting the objects you wish to export, and use menu File -> Export and choose a format well supported by these applications, such as OBJ or DAE. Note that there is a FreeCAD importer available for Blender, which enables it to open FreeCAD files directly.

Here is more material to learn about BIM modeling in FreeCAD:


 * The BIM Workbench tools
 * Tutorials: Architecture and BIM

I have no clear idea what I want to do. I just want to explore FreeCAD
The best way to go is probably to browse through the FreeCAD manual. The manual is designed as a flowing, printable sequence of chapters that will gently guide you through everything there is to know about FreeCAD.