Release notes 0.14/de

Jeepmodell von Psicofil

Migration Internettauftritt
Letztendlich wurden alle Webapplicationen von FreeCAD von SourceForge zu unserer eigenen Domain migriert. Der neue FreeCAD-Internetauftrit findet sich unter http://www.freecadweb.org, das Wiki ist nun unter http://www.freecadweb.org/wiki, der Bug- und Featuretracker unter http://www.freecadweb.org/tracker, und das Forum unter http://forum.freecadweb.org erreichbar. Ein Loginaccount aus der Zeit als wir noch auf Sourceforge waren kann in ein Benutzerlogin unserer neuen Services übertragen werden. Alle Daten (Forumseinträge etc.) bleiben erhalten. Hier findet sich eine Anleitung.

Der einzige Bereich von FreeCAD der auf Sourceforge bleibt ist das Hauptgitrepository. Die Adresse hat sich nicht geändert: http://sourceforge.net/p/free-cad/code/ci/master/tree/. Es gibt aber auch ein automatisch erstelltes Spiegelbild auf github unter http://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD_sf_master

Wenn Du die die wunderbare FreeCAD-Gemeinschaft noch nicht kennen gelernt hast, dann statte uns einen Besuch im Forum ab und lass Dich von dem Talent, der Energie und der Hilfsbereichschaft anstecken.

Move to pyside, FreeCAD is now fully LGPL
With the many complications caused by the double-license model of FreeCAD (LGPL & GPL), some of the components of FreeCAD (namely the OpenCasCade kernel) being incompatible with GPL code, we decided to switch all the remaining bits of GPL code of FreeCAD to LGPL. As a result of this operation, PyQt is not used anymore, and has been replaced by PySide. There is not much consequence for python scriptwriters, PyQt can still be used inside FreeCAD.

After we finished the move to LGPL, OpenCasCade has switched to LGPL too, which would have solved all our license conflicts too. But we have now a much clearer and unified license model, which should satisfy all the strictest linux distributions.

Plugins and side projects: Parts library, BOLTS, Eagle importer
The last year has seen a couple of interesting side projects emerge along FreeCAD. A Parts library has been started by the community and is slowly growing, consisting of a collection of reusable parts to add to your FreeCAD models. It can be launched and used from inside FreeCAD with the use of a macro.

Another similar but more ambitious project is BOLTS, which is also a parts library, but built from parametric scripts, able to produce a wide variety of parametric parts. BOLTS, although application-independent, can also be run from FreeCAD by launching a macro. The image below shows BOLTS running inside FreeCAD.



Another interesting external project is the EAGLE importer, which allows you to import PCB board designs made from several applications into FreeCAD.

WebGL export
From FreeCAD, you can now export your scene as a WebGL-enabled html file. This file includes an embedded three.js-based viewer that allows to inspect the scene from the web without any plugin, as long as you view it with a WebGL-capable browser.

Units system
Finally, a units system has been implemented at FreeCAD level, so it is available to all modules. You are now able to choose a units schema from the preferences. Currently available schemas include millimeters, meters and imperial measurements, but more should become available soon. Once this schema is set, most properties and tools of FreeCAD will use this unit preferentially. But the system is very flexible, and in most places, you can mix units as much as you like, for example giving measures in inches in a document set in millimeters.

Style Sheets
FreeCAD 0.14 becomes even more customizable with the addition of Style Sheets being used to control the background image in the main window. No longer is the user stuck with the grey stone background. Almost any image, picture or custom tile may be used to fill the background space in FreeCAD's main Window.



Display style override
The default View toolbar has been extended with a couple of new buttons to easily switch the display of the whole 3D view to wireframe, shaded or flat lines mode.

3D window anti-aliasing
New options have been added to the 3D view anti-aliasing system of FreeCAD, that you can find in the preferences. If you have a good 3D graphic chip, you can now enjoy FreeCAD with very high-quality anti-aliasing.

Loft and Sweep
The Part Loft and Part Sweep tools have been bettered and can now use Draft Workbench objects as profiles

Offset
The new Part Offset tool creates copies of a selected shape at a certain distance from the base shape.

Thickness
A new Part Thickness tool is now available. This tool works on a solid shape, and turns it into a hollow object, by giving each of its faces a given thickness.

Make Compound
The Part Workbench now features a Make Compound tool, which allows you to quickly create a compound object from a set of selected shapes.

Part Primitives
New Part primitives have been added to the Part CreatePrimitives tool: Prisms, regular polygons and spirals are now easy to create by filling out a couple of parameters. Furthermore, some tools from the Draft Workbench can now take advantage of this feature and create these primitives too, instead of their regular Draft object, when the appropriate option is set in the Draft preferences settings.



Measure tools
A new measurement toolset has been added to the Part workbench. With it, you can select two shape elements (vertices, edges or faces), and display the distance between the two in absolute distance, and along X and Y axes.

Validate sketch
The Sketcher now features a new Validate sketch tool to help you to validate a sketch, by finding missing or redundant constraints. It can also automatically add some missing constraints, in order to make your sketch fully constrained.

Gear generator
An involute gear generator tool has been added to the PartDesign workbench, to quickly create such gears from parameters.

Automatic projections
The Drawing Workbench continues to be improved with some exciting new features. Orthographic Projections now allows all views to be displayed as well as much greater control over individual views. Another key feature, Drawing Templates may now contain data defining Border and Title Block locations that will automatically confine Projections within the border while at the same time automatically avoiding the space occupied by the Title Block.



Symbols
A new Drawing Symbol tool is available on the Drawing Workbench allowing to quickly place SVG objects on the Drawing sheet. These objects are stored within the FreeCAD file, so you don't need to ship the original SVG file when distributing your files.

New rendering tools


The Raytracing workbench has also received some love, and its toolbar has been reworked. The "old" buttons that manually produced partial povray files have been removed (they are still there in the Raytracing menu), and you can now produce a rendering pretty much the same way as you use the Drawing workbench: You create a new project, give it a template, then fill it with views of your objects. When you are done, just hit the render button, or export it to a file that is ready to render outside of FreeCAD.

The Raytracing templates system has also been extended, and templates are now easier to manipulate and create.

FreeCAD produced .pov scripts now contain auto-aspect ratio. Users no longer need to maintain a 4:3 aspect ratio in their Raytracing settings or need to manually edit the output to change ratios in order to get a proper render. Any width and height may now be entered without fear that the rendered objects will come out squashed or stretched.

Luxrender support
Together with the existing support for POV-Ray, the Raytracing workbench now also supports LuxRender. Where POV-Ray is a classical-style raytracer, that shoots rays from the camera in order to find the color of each pixel of the image, Luxrender is an unbiased renderer, which takes much longer to render scenes, but can produce much more realistic lighting.

Spreadsheet
A new Spreadsheet Workbench has been added to FreeCAD. It allows you to create spreadsheet objects, that contain 2-dimensional spreadsheet data. It also features an editor so you can edit the spreadsheet contents (texts, numbers and some basic formulas are supported), and a special cell controller object, that can scan the document for certain types of objects, extract a certain property from them, and fill a certain range of cells with these values.



DWG import/export
FreeCAD is now able to import and export to the DWG format, thanks to the free, multiplatform Teigha Converter. Once the Teigha Converter is installed, and its path set in the FreeCAD Draft preferences settings, FreeCAD will be able to use it to import and export dwg files, by converting them to dxf, then using the Draft dxf importer and exporter. The import and export of dwg files has therefore the same limitations as the dxf format.

Draft to Drawing works with groups
The Draft to Drawing tool, used to place Draft objects on a Drawing sheet, can now be applied on groups, allowing to create fewer View objects on the Drawing sheet. By intelligently combine your Draft objects into a couple of groups, you have a quick way to control the appearance of many objects on your page.

Dimensions recoded
The Draft Dimension tool has been fully recoded, and dimension objects now behave much better, and have gained a few new properties, allowing to fine-tune them better, such as nicer and scalable arrows, more control over the position of the text and the direction of the dimension, and, above all, better support for the Drawing Module. You can now place dimensions in any plane of the 3D space, and expect correct results when placing them on a Drawing sheet with the Draft Drawing tool.



Hatches
The Draft workbench also features a new toy: hatching. On specific Draft objects (those that form a closed shape such as closed polylines, rectangles, regular polygons or circles), it is now possible to apply hatching. Currently, only a couple of default hatch patterns are available, but since those patterns are very easy to create (they are simple svg files), and custom patterns can already be added by the user, the default collection might grow quickly. Draft objects with patterns are also faithfully supported by the Drawing workbench.



Ellipses
Support for ellipses has been added, the Draft workbench now allows you to draw full or portions of ellipses.

Chamfer
In the same fashion as fillets, that had appeared in release 013, Draft rectangles, wires and polygons now gained a chamfer property, which chamfers their angle. The chamfer is applied before the fillet,and both properties can be used together, allowing you to quickly turn a very simple wire into a complex object made of many sections.

Upgrade and downgrade recoded
The Draft Upgrade and Draft Downgrade tools, before hermetic pieces of magic, from which you were never too sure what the result would be, have been recoded, and now output much friendlier messages, informing you what has been done and why. They are now also available to python scripting, not only as a whole, but also their internal operations, so you can precisely order a certain upgrade type to be performed.

Facebinder
A new Draft Facebinder tool has been added, that does a very simple but potentially very useful operation: It gathers any number of selected faces from different objects, and creates a new object from these faces. The new object keeps links to the original objects, so any change in them is reflected in the facebinder object. This should prove useful above all for architectural objects, where you can now construct new objects from the faces of several others.

Shape strings
The Draft ShapeString tool creates planar objects from a text and a truetype font. These objects, unlike common annotations such as the Draft Text, are real 3D objects, can be extruded, and can therefore be used to create engravings and other kinds of 3D objects with text in relief.

Bezier Curves
Alongside the existing arcs of circle and B-spline curves, a new type of curve has just been merged in the Draft module: Bezier curves. They can be created by clicking points, the same way as other Draft objects, but you can then edit them and modify their handle points, gaining a very precise control over the curve shape.

Vorlagen und Profile für Strukturbauteile
Das Arch Strukturtool hat mehrere Verbesserungen erhalten. Es sind nun einige Vorlageprofile vorhanden, wodurch es möglich ist sehr schnell eine Stütze oder einen Träger basierend auf einem Standardprofil wie INP oder HEB zu erstellen. Weiterhin wurde das Platzierungssystem um einen speziellen Fangmodus (snapping) erweitert. Strukturelemente können jetzt auch direkt einen Extrusionspfad haben, also sehr fortgeschrittene Bauteile werden möglich. Sehr viele der in BOLTS vorhandenen Bauteile (u.a. mehrere hundert Standardstahlbauprofile) können direkt als Arch Struktur erzeugt werden.

Window presets
The Arch Window tool also gained a new presets system. Although still based on sketches, which ensures maximum flexibility (virtually any window type can be easily created), new windows can now be made from a series of presets. You only need to choose a preset, fill a couple of parameters, and place your window, in an exiting wall or structural element if you wish so. Underneath, an appropriate sketch will be created, which is still editable at any later time.



Spaces
A new Space object is now available, allowing you to build, mark and compute spaces and floor areas. These space objects always encompass a solid volume, so you can always know their volume and floor area. They can be built from a solid shape, or from a set of boundary faces.

Multilayer walls
Walls can now be multilayer, with a very simple trick: Several walls can be based on a same baseline, specifying an offset distance from the baseline. This, combined for example with Arch Frames, allows for example to create complex framed walls, or walls with an insulation layer. Furthermore, these walls are aware of their "brothers" (other walls based on the same baseline), and any window placed on one of these walls will also create a hole on its brothers.



Stairs
A new Stairs tool has also been added, which allows you to build complex stairs from a couple of parameters. Currently only straight stairs are available, but the list will grow over time. These stairs have many configuration parameters, such as the size of the step floor, or the type of their structure.

Bewehrungsstäbe
Das Erstellen von Bewehrungsstabverlegungen wurde mit dem Arch Rebar Tool eingeführt. Die Form des Bewehrungsstabes basiert auf Skizzen, was viele Möglichkeiten bietet. Auf Basis einer Fläche wird mittels einer Skizze die Form des Bewehrungsstabes festgelegt. Mittels Randabständen, Stababständen und/oder Stabanzahl kann dann die Verlegung des Bewehrungsstabes definiert werden.



Rahmen
Rahmensysteme (auch Stabsysteme) überall in der Architektur verwendet. Einige Beispiele sind Geländer, Fachwerke, Ständerwände, etc. Mit dem neuen Arch Frame Tool können alle möglichen Varianten von Rahmen durch Kombinieren eines Profilobjektes, was jede ebene und extrudierbare Form, wie ein Rechteck oder ein Kreis, haben kann, und eines Layoutobjekt, welches die Extrusionslinien den denen die Profilobjekte platziert werden definiert, erzeugt werden. Die Layoutobjekte werden normalerweise mit dem Sketcher Arbeitsbereich erstellt. Diese Rahmenbauteile können in Wand- oder Strukturobjekte übergeführt werden.

Messen
Ein einfaches aber nützliches neues Tool des Architekturarbeitsbereiches ist der Arch Messen Modus. In dem Modus kann auf Puntke, Kanten, Flächen oder ganze Körper geklickt werden um ihre Höhe, Länge, Fläche oder Volumen zu erhalten. Diese Informationen werden direkt am Modell angezeigt, in die Zwischenablage kopiert und als Text im FreeCAD-Ausgabefenster ausgegeben. Somit ist es sehr einfach diese Werte in andere Programme einzufügen und schnell mengenbasierte Kostenschätzungen zu erstellen.

Tutorial
Ein neues 35 Seiten umfassendes Tutorial bechreibt den Arbeitsbereich Architektur sehr detailiert an Hand eines vollständigen Beispiels.

Im- und Export von Ifc-Dateien
Viel Zeit wurde in die Arbeit an FreeCAD und IfcOpenShell, welches für die Verarbeitung von ifc-Dateien im Arch-Module verwendet wird, investiert. Wenn eine Einwicklerversion von IfcOpenShell verwendet wird, können auch komplexe Geometrieen von Ifc-Dateien importiert werden. Erst ab einer mittleren Dateigrösse von ca. 50 MB (unkomprimiert) steigt die Importdauer expotentiell stark an. Mit der oben genannten Entwicklerversion von IfcOpenShell können auch Modelle aus FreeCAD nach Ifc so exportiert werden, dass die meisten grossen CAD-Programme diese problemlos importieren können.

Vollständige Liste
Die vollständige Liste aller Bugfixes und Neuen Funtionen kann hier nachgelesen werden.