Pivy/de

Pivy ist eine Python-Bibliothek für Verbindung zu Coin3d, die 3D-Rendering-Bibliothek, die FreeCAD verwendet. Wenn man diese in einen laufenden Python-Interpreter importiert, erlaubt es den direkten Dialog mit einem laufenden Coin3d Szenengraphen, wie die FreeCAD 3D-Ansichten oder man kann sogar neue erstellen. Pivy ist in der FreeCAD-Standardinstallierung bereits vorhanden.

Die Coin3d-Bibliothek ist in mehrere Stücke geteilt, Coin selbst, für die Manipulation von Szenengraphen und Bindungen für mehrere GUI-Systeme, wie z.B. Windows, oder, wie in unserem Fall, qt. Diese Module stehen auch pivy zur Verfügung, abhängig davon, ob sie auf dem System vorhanden sind. Das coin-modul ist immer vorhanden, und es ist das, was wir ohnehin verwenden werden, somit brauchen wir uns nicht mehr um unsere Verankerung des 3D-Display in jeder Schnittstelle zu kümmern, dies wird bereits durch FreeCAD selbst getan. Alles, was wir tun müssen, ist dies:

Zugreifen auf und Ändern im Szenengraph
Wir sahen in der Scenegraph-Seite, wie eine typische Münze Szene organisiert ist. Alles, was in einer FreeCAD-3D-Ansicht erscheint, ist ein Coin-Szenengraph und immer auf die gleiche Weise organisiert. Wir haben einen Wurzelknoten, und alle Objekte auf dem Bildschirm sind seine Kinder.

FreeCAD hat eine einfache Möglichkeit, auf den Root-Knoten eines 3D-Ansicht Szenengraph zugreifen: This will return the root node: We can inspect the immediate children of our scene: Some of those nodes, such as SoSeparators or SoGroups, can have children themselves. The complete list of the available coin objects can be found in the official coin documentation.

Let's try to add something to our scenegraph now. We'll add a nice red cube: and here is our (nice) red cube. Now, let's try this: See? everything is still accessible and modifiable on-the-fly. No need to recompute or redraw anything, coin takes care of everything. You can add stuff to your scenegraph, change properties, hide stuff, show temporary objects, anything. Of course, this only concerns the display in the 3D view. That display gets recomputed by FreeCAD on file open, and when an object needs recomputing. So, if you change the aspect of an existing FreeCAD object, those changes will be lost if the object gets recomputed or when you reopen the file.

A key to work with scenegraphs in your scripts is to be able to access certain properties of the nodes you added when needed. For example, if we wanted to move our cube, we would have added a SoTranslation node to our custom node, and it would have looked like this: Remember that in an openInventor scenegraph, the order is important. A node affects what comes next, so you can say something like: color red, cube, color yellow, sphere, and you will get a red cube and a yellow sphere. If we added the translation now to our existing custom node, it would come after the cube, and not affect it. If we had inserted it when creating it, like here above, we could now do: And our cube would jump 2 units to the right. Finally, removing something is done with:

Using callback mechanisms
A callback mechanism is a system that permits a library that you are using, such as our coin library, to call you back, that is, to call a certain function from your currently running python object. This is extremely useful, because that way coin can notify you if some specific event occurs in the scene. Coin can watch very different things, such as mouse position, clicks of a mouse button, keyboard keys being pressed, and many other things.

FreeCAD features an easy way to use such callbacks: The callback has to be initiated from an object, because that object must still be running when the callback will occur. See also a complete list of possible events and their parameters, or the official coin documentation.

Documentation
Unfortunately pivy itself still doesn't have a proper documentation, but since it is an accurate translation of coin, you can safely use the coin documentation as reference, and use python style instead of c++ style (for example SoFile::getClassTypeId would in pivy be SoFile.getClassId)