Manual:The FreeCAD Interface/de

FreeCAD benutzt das Qt framework um seine Oberfläche zu holen und zu verwalten. Dieses Programmiergerüst wird in einer Vielzahl von Anwendungen verwendet, so dass die FreeCAD Oberfläche sehr klassisch ist und keine besondere Schwierigkeit darstellt, sie zu verstehen. Die meisten Schaltflächen sind Standard und werden dort angezeigt, wo du sie erwartest. Hier ist das Aussehen von FreeCAD, wenn du es zum ersten Mal öffnest, gleich nach der Installation, und zeigt dir das Startzentrum:



Das Startcenter ist ein gefälliger "Begrüßungsbildschirm", der nützliche Informationen für Neueinsteiger anzeigt, wie z.B. die neuesten Dateien, an denen du gearbeitet hast, was es Neues in der FreeCAD Welt gibt oder Schnellinfos zu den gängigsten Arbeitsbereichen. Außerdem wirst Du benachrichtigt, wenn eine neue stabile Version von FreeCAD verfügbar ist.

Nach einer Weile, wenn du dich mit FreeCAD besser auskennst, hast du vielleicht Änderungen in den Einstellungen vorgenommen, so dass du dich beim Start von FreeCAD direkt in einem der Arbeitsbereiche wiederfindest, wenn ein neues Dokument geöffnet ist. Oder du schließt einfach den Reiter "Startseite" und erstellst ein neues Dokument:



Arbeitsbereiche
Beachte, dass sich einige der Symbole zwischen den beiden obigen Bildschirmaufnahmen geändert haben. Hier kommt das wichtigste Konzept der FreeCAD Oberfläche ins Spiel: Arbeitsbereiche.

Arbeitsberiche sind Gruppen von Werkzeugen (Schaltflächen in der Symbolleiste, Menüs und andere Bedienelemente der Benutzeroberfläche), die nach Spezialgebieten gruppiert sind. Stelle dir sich eine Werkstatt vor, in dem verschiedene Personen zusammenarbeiten: Eine Person, die mit Metall arbeitet, eine andere mit Holz. Jeder von ihnen hat in seiner Werkstatt einen separaten Tisch mit spezifischen Werkzeugen für seine Arbeit. Sie können jedoch alle an den gleichen Objekten arbeiten. Dasselbe geschieht in FreeCAD.

Die wichtigste Steuerung der FreeCAD Oberfläche ist der Arbeitsbereich Wähler, mit dem du von einem Arbeitsbereich zum anderen wechseln kannst:



The Workbenches often confuse new users, since it's not always easy to know in which Workbench to look for a specific tool. But they are quick to learn, and after a short while it will feel natural -- realizing it is a convenient way to organize the multitude of tools FreeCAD has to offer. Workbenches are also fully customizable (see below). The same tool may appear in more than one workbench. The button icon for a particular tool will always be the same no matter which workbench it appears in.

Later in this manual, you will also find a table showing the contents of all Workbenches.

The interface
Let's have a better look at the different parts of the interface:




 * The 3D view is the main component of the interface; it is where the objects you are working with are drawn and manipulated. You may have several views of the same document (or same objects), or several documents open at the same time. Each of these views may be individually undocked from the main window. You may select objects or parts of objects by clicking them, and you can pan, zoom and rotate the view with the mouse buttons. This will be explained further in the next chapter.

In addition to the 3D view panel, the following information panels are available. They may be made visible or hidden by selecting them from. The name of the panel appears in the upper left corner of the panel when it is displayed: The Tasks tab sometimes has puzzling and frustrating side-effects. If the Task tab is not empty, some FreeCAD operations will not work as expected. For example, if you have a single object in your model such as a cube, double-clicking on it will open the Tasks tab to allow you to modify the parameters characterizing the cube. If you have the Selection view open, you will see the cube's internal name listed there. The entire cube will turn green in the 3D panel, indicating the entire cube is selected. Clicking on the background will deselect the entire cube and clear the Selection view. So far, this is normal behavior. However, if you now click on a face of the cube, instead of that face being selected, nothing will be selected &mdash; because the Tasks tab has not been completed. Even if you have made no modifications to the parameters there, FreeCAD is waiting for the (or other) button in the Tasks tab to be clicked.
 * The combo view has two tabs:
 * The Model tab shows you the contents and structure of your document above and the properties (or parameters) of the selected object(s) below. These properties are separated into two categories:
 * Data (properties which concern the geometry itself)
 * View (properties that affect how the geometry looks on screen).
 * The Tasks tab is where FreeCAD will prompt you for values specific to the workbench and tool you are currently using. For example, entering a 'length' value when the Draft Workbench Line Tool is being used. It will clear and switch back to the Model tab after the (or Cancel) button is pressed. Double-clicking the related object in the Model tab will usually reopen the corresponding Task tab in order to modify the settings.


 * The report view is normally hidden, but it is a good idea to open it as it will list any information, warnings or errors to help you decipher (or debug) what you may have done wrong.
 * The Python console is also hidden by default. This is where you can interact with the contents of the document using the Python language. Since every action you do on the FreeCAD interface actually executes a piece of Python code, having this open allows you to watch the code unfold in real time &mdash; allowing you a wonderful and easy way to learn a little Python on the way, almost without noticing it.
 * The tree view displays only the object tree shown under the Model tab in the combo view. It is normally hidden.
 * The property view displays only the object property information shown at the bottom of the combo view. It is normally hidden.
 * The selection view shows the names of any objects which are currently selected. These are the objects to which a workbench operation will be applied. It can be used to refine the selection by deselecting some of those objects before a workbench operation is applied.  The selection view can also be used to search for objects by name and then select them.  By default, the selection view is hidden.  While you can often determine the currently selected object(s) by looking at the object tree in the Model tab of the combo view, for complex operations requiring multiple selections and where selection is difficult it is helpful to make this view visible so you can both see the labels and count the selected objects.



Customizing the interface
The interface of FreeCAD is highly customizable. All panels and toolbars can be moved to different places or stacked one above another. They can also be closed and reopened when needed from the View menu or by right-clicking on an empty area of the interface. There are, however, many more options available, such as creating custom toolbars with tools from any of the Workbenches, or assigning and changing keyboard shortcuts.

These advanced customization options are available from the :



Read more


 * Getting started with FreeCAD
 * Customizing the interface
 * Workbenches
 * More about Python