Which workbench should I choose/pl

Jeśli jesteś nowy w FreeCAD, są duże szanse, że zastanawiasz się, od którego środowiska pracy powinieneś zacząć. Ta strona pomoże Ci wybrać, od czego zacząć.

Środowiska pracy to zestawy narzędzi, przycisków, paneli i innych elementów interfejsu, które są zgrupowane razem. Pomyśl o tym jak o aplikacji wewnątrz aplikacji. W programie FreeCAD, obszary robocze zazwyczaj gromadzą zestaw narzędzi dostosowanych do konkretnego celu, takich jak rysowanie 2D, projektowanie obiektów 3D, projektowanie łodzi, projektowanie trajektorii robotów, projektowanie budynków i wiele innych.

FreeCAD jest dostarczany z kilkoma wbudowanymi środowiskami roboczymi, ale mnóstwo więcej jest dostępnych i mogą być łatwo zainstalowane poprzez Menedżer dodatków.

Nowi użytkownicy programu FreeCAD zazwyczaj zaczynają używać i uczyć się jednego lub dwóch specyficznych środowisk pracy, a następnie odkrywają inne obszary FreeCAD i dodają do swojego zestawu umiejętności narzędzia, które uznają tam za interesujące. Zanim jednak zanurzysz się w konkretnych środowiskach roboczych, upewnij się, że przeczytałeś strony Jak zacząć i Nawigacja w przestrzeni 3D, ponieważ dostarczają one ogólnej wiedzy, która będzie potrzebna wszędzie podczas pracy w FreeCAD. Podręcznik Słowo wstępne to kolejny dobry sposób na odkrywanie programu FreeCAD krok po kroku, w sposób liniowy.

Pierwsze środowisko pracy, którego powinieneś użyć, zależy od tego, co zamierzasz robić z FreeCAD. Zazwyczaj widzimy nowych użytkowników przychodzących z jednym z następujących wymagań:



Nie mam żadnego doświadczenia z CAD, a chcę zaprojektować i wydrukować jakiś obiekt przestrzenny
Jest to prawdopodobnie najczęstszy przypadek użycia wśród nowych użytkowników programu FreeCAD, i to w czym FreeCAD jest najlepszy. Posiada on specjalne stanowisko pracy do tego celu: środowisko pracy Projekt Części. Projekt Części zawiera również wszystkie narzędzia z Szkicownika, więc nauczysz się i będziesz używał dwóch środowisk w jednym.

Rozpoczynając nowy model w środowisku Projekt Części, zazwyczaj najpierw będziesz musiał stworzyć Zawartość. Zawartość jest jednocześnie kontenerem dla kształtów podrzędnych i rezultatem, Twoim końcowym obiektem. Pomyśl o tym, że jeden obiekt = jedna zawartość. Zawartość, choć może składać się z kilku części, powinna zawsze reprezentować jeden złożony obiekt, bez żadnych luźnych części. Większość operacji wykonywanych na lub wewnątrz zawartości zapobiegnie tworzeniu luźnych części.

Najczęściej to, co zrobisz wewnątrz zawartości, to następująca sekwencja operacji:


 * 1) Draw a closed 2D shape (also called sketches) on some plane in the 3D space (for example, on the ground (XY) plane, or on a face of an existing part). Sketches are a very powerful feature of FreeCAD. They can contain linear or curved segments, but also complex elements such as constraints or construction geometry.
 * 2) Extrude that shape so it forms a solid
 * 3) Use that solid either as an addition or subtraction of another solid
 * 4) Optionally, apply some finishes such as rounding on some faces

And repeat this process until you get to your finished object. See the list of tutorials below for more in-depth information and examples of typical modelling processes. When you have finished modeling your object, it is time to send it to the 3D printer. This usually means:


 * 1) Make sure you have your 3D printer set up, and a slicing application ready (an application responsible for turning a 3D object into commands for the printer, such as slic3r or cura)
 * 2) Select your body (your final object)
 * 3) Navigate to menu File -> Export and export your object to a format supported by your slicer application, usually the STL format
 * 4) Open the STL file in the slicer, set the correct parameters for your printer, and press the "print" button

There are many other places in this documentation to learn more about the PartDesign workflow and how to use the Sketcher:


 * Read more on the PartDesign Workbench
 * Read more on the Sketcher Workbench
 * Tutorial: Creating a simple part with PartDesign
 * Tutorial: Basic Part Design Tutorial
 * Tutorial: Modeling for product design
 * Tutorial: Export to STL or OBJ

I have some experience with SolidWorks or something similar. I want to do product design and assemblies
The first part of your use case is pretty similar to the one above. You would typically use the PartDesign Workbench, which also contains all the tools of the Sketcher Workbench. You will typically design one body for each individual part of your assembly.

Once you have your different parts, you'll need to assemble them together. FreeCAD does not at the moment feature a default, unique assembly workbench. Rather, there are several assembly add-ons that you can easily install via the Addons manager:


 * The A2plus Workbench provides tools to create multi-part assemblies. It is the oldest that we have in FreeCAD. It was born before advanced features like App Link objects were available in FreeCAD, so it is more basic and simpler, which can be a problem or an advantage.
 * The Assembly3 Workbench is used to perform assembly of different bodies contained in a single file or in multiple documents. It was a testbed for the App Link object that was eventually included in the master code. It is the most complex solution and supports things like interactive kinematics.
 * The Assembly4 Workbench is a solution based on the enhanced expression engine and the App Link object developed in the branch of Assembly3. Assembly4 does not work with a proper constraint solver, instead it uses the expression engine to position bodies with respect to Local Coordinate Systems (LCS).

The one best for you to choose depends on your requirements, and it's not easy to tell beforehand.We suggest you try Assembly4 first, then try Assembly3 if you need something more complex, or A2Plus if it is too complex for your needs.

I have some experience with AutoCAD or something similar. I want to do 2D drawing
Although FreeCAD is primarily a 3D application, it has all the tools to fully draw and annotate complex 2D designs such as house plans, and to either print them, export them as PDF documents, or export them to other formats supported by other traditional 2D CAD applications, such as DXF or DWG.

The workbench of choice for 2D Drafting is the Draft Workbench. Draft features all the tools commonly found in traditional CAD applications, such as lines, rectangles, arcs, splines, hatch fillings, texts or dimensions, and tools to modify objects, such as move, rotate, extend, scale, offset and so on.

The objects you draw can be grouped together using groups or layers, and the drawings you create can be exported as DXF/DWG files, or placed at a certain scale on a sheet that represents a sheet of paper. This sheet can then be printed or exported as a PDF file.

Differently to traditional 2D CAD applications, though, FreeCAD is primarily a 3D CAD application. So a first step you will need to do when starting to work with Draft tools is to choose in which plane of the 3D space you will want to draw your design. Traditionally, this is done in the XY plane, which would be a horizontal plane laying on the ground, at altitude zero.

In Draft, you do that by setting your working plane. The working plane is where next drawing operations (line, rectangle, etc) will be done. You can change the working plane anytime, but you also can set FreeCAD up so it always starts with the working plane set to the ground XY plane, and never worry about this anymore.

Make sure you read how to navigate in the 3D space, so you know how to set your viewpoint to look directly at your working plane from above, and get back to that viewpoint if you move away from it. This will ensure you a comfortable working space, similar to the application you know.

Once your working plane is set, all you need to do is start drawing. Explore the list of available Draft tools to know what is there, but they will basically behave similarly to other 2D CAD applications. For example, draw lines that represent the boundary of a terrain, or a rectangle that represents a house.

When working with Draft, you usually draw in real size. One meter is one meter. Make sure you set up your working units to your liking. Also, make use of the snapping tools to position your points precisely.

Grouping your objects can be done using groups or layers. Layers are simply groups that can control the color and other aspects of the objects placed inside them.

When your drawing is ready to be exported, simply select everything you want to export (or the groups/layers containing them), and use menu File -> Export, and choose the DXF or DWG format. Note that DWG capabilities of FreeCAD depend on external software.

To print or export your drawing as a PDF file, you make use of the TechDraw Workbench. TechDraw is used to create printable sheets, place on them templates and other page graphical elements, and views of your 2D or 3D models. A typical workflow with Draft and TechDraw includes:


 * 1) Set your working plane as the XY (top) plane
 * 2) Creating your drawing using Draft tools
 * 3) Make sure to group all the components of your drawing into groups or layers, and have one root group or layer container that contains all the layers or subgroups of your drawing. This makes it easier to place it in one go on a sheet. You would typically create a different group for each separate drawing, so you can control their positions and scales independently on the sheet.
 * 4) Switch to the TechDraw workbench
 * 5) Create a new page
 * 6) Set or adjust its template
 * 7) For each of your Draft drawings, use the Draft view tool to create a view of it on the sheet
 * 8) Adjust the scale and position of each view
 * 9) Print or save he sheet as a PDF file from the TechDraw menu

Here is more material about Draft and 2D drawing in FreeCAD:


 * All the Draft Workbench tools
 * Tutorial: Traditional 2D drafting
 * Tutorial: Draft tutorial
 * Tutorial: Basic Sketcher Tutorial. The sketcher can be used to create much more complex and advanced 2D elements than you can do in Draft

I have some experience with Revit or ArchiCAD or another BIM application. I want to do BIM modelling
Your workbench of choice is the BIM Workbench. It is not part of the built-in workbenches of FreeCAD, you need to install it via the Std_AddonMgr. The Arch Workbench, bundled with FreeCAD, is a minimal subset of the BIM workbench tools, that will allow your BIM models to be correctly opened on any installation of FreeCAD, even without the BIM workbench.

The BIM workbench contains all the tools usually found in BIM applications to model building components, such as wall, window, door, etc. It also contains most of the Draft tools, an uses the same working plane concept, where your next objects will lie on the current working plane.

There is no mandatory building structure organization (ex. floors) in FreeCAD. You can choose to group your BIM objects into groups or layers, similarly to Draft, but you can also make use of the Building Part object to represent levels or buildings, and achieve a similar organization as usually found in other BIM applications.

Most BIM tools such as walls and windows will create an object on their own, by selecting options in the task panel and clicking points in the 3D view, but they can also all work by selecting other objects before. For example, you can draw a wall by selecting the wall tool and then clicking two points, but you can also draw a line or polyline first, then, with that object selected, press the Wall button. A wall will be built on top of that polyline, and use it as its baseline. If you modify the polyline, the wall will change accordingly.

The different BIM tools such as wall, window, column, etc... will produce a corresponding wall, window or column object. However, the type of the produced object is defined by and only by its IFC type property, which can be changed anytime. So you can use the wall tool to model a beam for example. You only have to change its IFC type from "wall" to "beam" afterwards.

Similarly, any object created with another workbench or even another application can become a BIM object. Using the Create component tool, you can add BIM properties (included the IFC Type property) to any other object.

After creating a BIM model, which is nothing else than a 3D model where all objects have defined BIM/IFC properties, you can do several operations such as:


 * Exporting it to the IFC formatby selecting your model root container (group or building part) and hitting menu File -> Export and selecting IFC. The IFC format is the standard exchange format for BIM models and is supported by all BIM applications
 * Extract 2D drawings such as floor plans, sections or elevations. This is done by placing section planes in your model
 * Create drawings from these section planes. This is done either (and preferably) as an intermediary step, using the Draft Shape2DView tool, which can then be further annotated with Draft tools, or directly placed on a TechDraw sheet using the TechDraw ArchView tool
 * Create schedules or quantities tables using the Arch Schedule tool and the Spreadsheet Workbench
 * Export your model to another application to create 3D renderings, such as Blender. This is usually done by selecting the objects you wish to export, and use menu File -> Export and choose a format well supported by these applications, such as OBJ or DAE. Note that there is a FreeCAD importer available for Blender, which enables it to open FreeCAD files directly.

Here is more material to learn about BIM modeling in FreeCAD:


 * The BIM Workbench tools
 * Tutorials: Architecture and BIM

I have no clear idea what I want to do. I just want to explore FreeCAD
The best way to go is probably to browse through the FreeCAD manual. The manual is designed as a flowing, printable sequence of chapters that will gently guide you through everything there is to know about FreeCAD.