Path Workbench/zh

简介
刀路工作台用于从FreeCAD 3D模型生成CNC机器指令. 它们可以在CNC机床上生产真实的3D产品，如铣床，车床，激光切割机等. 通常，指令是G-Code语言.



FreeCAD刀路工作台按如下工作流程创建这些机器指令：
 * 使用零件设计工作台，零件工作台 或草图工作台中的一个或多个创建作为基础对象的3D模型.
 * 在刀路工作台中创建刀路作业. 这包含用于生成在CNC铣床上处理作业的G-code所有必要的信息：有库存材料，工厂有一定的刀具包，它遵循某些命令(通常是G-Code)控制速度和运动.
 * 根据作业操作的要求选择刀具.
 * 使用例如 轮廓线和开槽操作创建铣削路径. 这些刀路对象使用FreeCAD内部独立于CNC机器的G-Code语言.
 * 使用与您的机器匹配的G-Code形式导出作业.

快速链接
根据您对刀路工作台的兴趣，有不同的主题可供进一步阅读：


 * 如果您是一位试图熟悉刀路功能的新用户，您可能会对快速通过教程感兴趣.
 * 如果您有一台不能使用可用后置处理程序的特殊机器，您可能想了解后置处理程序定制
 * 作为有经验的用户，您可能想要编写宏或自动化一个处理过程的话您，那么您可能需要了解脚本编写
 * 想要简化工作流程的高级用户可以了解定制化.
 * 想要为刀路功能做出贡献的新开发人员可能想要了解核心概念.

General concepts
The Path Workbench generates G-Code defining the paths required to mill the Project represented by the 3D model on the target mill in the Path Job Operations FreeCAD G-Code dialect, which is later translated to the appropriate dialect for the target CNC controller by selecting the appropriate postprocessor. The G-Code is generated from directives and Operations contained in a Path Job. The Job Workflow lists these in the order they will be executed. The list is populated by adding Path Operations, Path Dressups, Path Partial Commands, and Path Modifications from the Path Menu, or GUI buttons.

The Path Workbench provides a Tool Manager (Library, Tool-Table), and G-Code Inspection, and Simulation tools. It links the Postprocessor, and allows importing and exporting Job Templates.

The Path Workbench has external dependencies including:
 * 1) The FreeCAD 3D model units are defined in the .  The Postprocessor configuration defines the final G-Code units.
 * 2) The Macro file path, and Geometric tolerances, are defined in the  tab.
 * 3) Colors are defined in the  tab.
 * 4) Holding tag parameters are defined in the  tab.
 * 5) That the Base 3D model quality supports the Path WB requirements, passes Check Geometry.

Units
Unit handling in Path can be confusing. There are several points to understand:
 * 1) FreeCAD base units for length and time are 'mm' and 's' respectively. Velocity is thus 'mm/s'. This is what FreeCAD stores internally regardless of anything else
 * 2) The default unit schema uses the default units. If you're using the default schema and you enter a feed rate without a unit string, it will get entered as 'mm/s'
 * 3) Most CNC machines expect feed rate in the form of either 'mm/min' or 'in/min'.  Most post-processors will automatically convert the unit when generating gcode.

Schemas:
 * 1) Changing schema in preferences changes default unit string for the input fields.  If you're a Path user and prefer to design in metric, it's highly recommended that you use the "Metric Small Parts & CNC" schema.  If you design in US units, either the Imperial Decimal and Building US will work
 * 2) Changing your preferred unit schema will have no effect on output but will help avoid input errors

Output:
 * 1) Generating the correct unit in output is the responsibility of the post-processor and is done only at that time
 * 2) Machine output unit is completely unrelated to your selected unit schema
 * 3) Post-processors produce either metric (G21) output, Imperial (G20) output or are configurable.
 * 4) Configurable post-processors default to metric (G21)
 * 5) If you want your configurable post-processor to output imperial gcode (G20), Set the correct argument in your job output configation (ie --inches for linuxcnc).  This can be stored in a job template and set as your default template to make it automatic for all future jobs

Path Inspection:
 * 1) If you use the Path Inspect tool to look at g-code, you will see it in 'mm/s' because it is not being post-processed

Path Commands
These commands are used for seting up a CNC project and manage your templates.


 * [[Image:Path-Job.png|32px]] Job: Creates a new CNC job


 * [[Image:Path_PostProcess.png|32px]] Post Process: Exports a project to G-code


 * [[Image:Path-ExportTemplate.png|32px]] Export Template: Export the current job as a template


 * Path_Inspect.png G-Code Inspector: Shows the G-code for checking


 * Path_Simulator.png Simulator: Shows the milling operation like it's done on the machine


 * [[Image:Path_ToolLibraryEdit.png|32px]] Tool Manager: Edit the Tool Manager


 * Path-CompleteLoop.png Complete Loop: Completes a loop from two selected edges


 * Path_Contour.png Contour: Creates a path of the contour of the base object


 * [[Image:Path-Profile-Face.png|32px]] Profile from Face: Creates a profiling path from a selected face


 * [[Image:Path-Profile-Edges.png|32px]] Profile from Edges: Creates a profiling path from selected edges


 * [[Image:Path_Pocket.png|32px]] Pocket: Creates a pocketing operation from one ore more selected pocket(s)


 * [[Image:Path_Drilling.png|32px]] Drilling: Performs a drilling cycle


 * [[Image:Path-Engrave.png|32px]] Engrave: Creates a engraving path


 * [[Image:Path-Face.png|32px]] Mill Face: Creates a surfacing path


 * [[Image:Path-Helix.png|32px]] Helix: Creates a helical path


 * [[Image:Path-3DPocket.png|32px]] 3D Pocket: Creates a path for a 3D pocket

Path Dressup

 * [[Image:Path_DressupDogbone.png|32px]] Dogbone Dressup: Adds a dogbone dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupDragKnife.png|32px]] Dragknife Dressup: Adds a dragknife dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupLeadInOut.png|32px]] Lead In Dressup: Adds a lead-in and/or lead-out point to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupRampEntry.png|32px]] Ramp Entry Dressup: Adds ramp entry dressup modification to a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_DressupTag.png|32px]] Tag Dressup: Adds a holding tag dressup modification to a selected path

Partial Commands

 * [[Image:Path_Fixture.png|32px]] Fixture: Changes the fixture position


 * [[Image:Path_Comment.png|32px]] Comment: Inserts a comment in the G-code of a path


 * [[Image:Path_Stop.png|32px]] Stop: Inserts a full stop of the machine


 * [[Image:Path_Custom.png|32px]] Custom: Inserts custom G-code


 * [[Image:Path_GcodeFromShape.png|32px]] Gcode From a Shape: Creates a path object from a selected Part object

Path Modification

 * [[Image:Path_Copy.png|32px]] Copy: Creates a parametric Copie of a selected path object


 * [[Image:Path_Array.png|32px]] Array: Creates an array by duplicating a selected path


 * [[Image:Path_SimpleCopy.png|32px]] Simple Copy: Creates a non-parametric copy of a selected path object

Other

 * [[Image:Path-3DSurface.png|32px]] 3D Surface: Creates a path for a 3D surface


 * [[Image:Path-Area.png|32px]] Feature area: Creates a feature area from selected objects


 * [[Image:Path-Area-Workplane.png|32px]] Feature area workplane: Creates a feature area workplane


 * Path_Sanity.png Path Errors: Checks the selected Job for missing values

Preferences

 * [[Image:Std_DlgParameter.png|32px]] Preferences...: Preferences disposable in Path Tools.

Scripting
See the Path scripting page.

The Path workbench offers a broad Python scripting API. With it, you can create and modify paths from python scripts, or extend the available functionality of the workbench.

FAQ
See the Path FAQ

The Path Workbench shares many concepts with other CAM software packages but has its own peculiarities. If something seems wrong, this might be a good place to start.