Compile on Windows/ru

На этой странице шаг за шагом объясняется "как скомпилировать FreeCAD 0.19 или новее в Windows"". Для других платформ см.Compiling.

Требования
Для компиляции FreeCAD в Windows требуется несколько инструментов и библиотек.

Требования

 * Компилятор. FreeCAD тестируется с помощью Visual Studio (MSVC)—другие компиляторы могут работать, но инструкции по использованию здесь не включены. Более подробная информация в, находится ниже.


 * Git (Для Git также доступны графические интерфейсы, см. Следующий раздел.)


 * CMake версия 3.11.x или более новая. "Подсказка:" Выбор опции Add CMake to the system PATH for all users при установке CMake сделает CMake доступным из командной строки Windows, что может быть полезно.


 * LibPack (also called FreeCADLibs). This is a single package containing all of the libraries necessary to compile FreeCAD on Windows. Download the version of the LibPack that corresponds to the version of FreeCAD you want to compile. To compile FreeCAD 0.19 or the latest development version 0.20, download the LibPack for 0.19/0.20 (64-bit only). Extract the LibPack to a convenient location. (If your computer does not recognize the .7z extension, you should install the program 7-zip.) Note: It is highly recommended to compile FreeCAD with the compiler version the LibPack is designed for. For example, you might run into problems compiling FreeCAD 0.19 using MSVC 15 because the LibPack for 0.19 is designed to be built with MSVC 17.

Опционные программы

 * Графический интерфейс для Git. Существует несколько доступных интерфейсов, см. this list. Основное преимущество интерфейса заключается в том, что вам не нужно изучать команды Git, чтобы получить исходный код FreeCAD или отправлять исправления в репозиторий FreeCAD на GitHub.

Ниже мы опишем обработку исходного кода с использованием интерфейса TortoiseGit. Этот интерфейс интегрируется непосредственно в проводник файлов Windows и имеет большое сообщество пользователей, которые могут получить помощь в случае возникновения проблем.


 * NSIS используется для создания установщика Windows FreeCAD.

Исходный код
Теперь вы можете получить исходный код FreeCAD:

Использование интерфейса
При использовании TortoiseGit Интерфейс Git:
 * 1) Создайте новую папку, в которую будет загружен исходный код.
 * 2) Щелкните правой кнопкой мыши на этой папке в проводнике файлов Windows и выберите "'Git Clone" в контекстном меню.
 * 3) Появится диалоговое окно. В нем введите URL-адрес репозитория FreeCAD Git

https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD.git

и нажмите "ОК".

Последний исходный код будет загружен из репозитория FreeCAD Git, и Git будет отслеживать папку.

Использование командной строки
Чтобы создать локальную ветвь отслеживания и загрузить исходный код, откройте терминал (command prompt) и перейдите в каталог, в котором вы хотите получить исходный код, затем введите:

Компилятор
По умолчанию (recommended) используется компилятор MS Visual Studio (MSVC). Хотя, возможно, можно использовать другие компиляторы, например gcc через Cygwin или MinGW, это не тестируется и не рассматривается здесь.

Вы можете получить бесплатную версию MSVC (для индивидуального использования), загрузив Community edition of MS Visual Studio.

Для тех, кто хочет избежать установки огромного MSVC только для того, чтобы иметь компилятор, см. CompileOnWindows - Reducing Disk Footprint.

"Примечание:" Несмотря на то, что "Community" выпуск MSVC является бесплатным, для использования среды IDE в течение более чем 30-дневного пробного периода необходимо создать учетную запись Майкрософт. Если вы будете компилировать только с помощью командной строки, вам не понадобится среда разработки и, следовательно, учетная запись Microsoft.

В качестве бесплатной и альтернативной среды разработки с открытым исходным кодом вы можете использовать KDevelop. Вы можете использовать KDevelop для изменения и написания кода на C++, но для компиляции необходимо использовать командную строку.

Дополнительная конфигурация системного пути
При необходимости вы можете включить пути к некоторым папкам в переменную системного ПУТИ. Это полезно, если вы хотите получить доступ к программам в этих папках из командной строки/powershell или если вы хотите, чтобы компилятор или CMake находили специальные программы. Кроме того, добавление папок в ПУТЬ может потребоваться, если вы не использовали соответствующие параметры при установке программы.


 * Вы можете включить папку вашего LibPack в переменную системного ПУТИ. Это полезно, если вы планируете создавать несколько конфигураций/версий FreeCAD.
 * Если вы не использовали опцию добавления CMake в ПУТЬ при его установке, добавьте папку его установки

"C:\Program Files\CMake\bin" по ПУТИ.
 * Если вы не использовали опцию добавления TortoiseGit в ПУТЬ при его установке, добавьте папку его установки

C:\Program Files\TortoiseGit\bin по ПУТИ.

To add folder paths to the PATH variable:
 * 1) In the Windows Start menu Right click on Computer and choose Properties.
 * 2) In the appearing dialog click on Advanced system settings.
 * 3) Another dialog will open. Click there in the tab Advanced on Environment Variables.
 * 4) Again another dialog will open. Select then the variable Path and click on Edit.
 * 5) And again another dialog will open. Click there on New and add to path to the folder of Git or the LibPack.
 * 6) Finally press OK and close all dialogs by pressing OK as well.

Configuration
Once you have all of the necessary tools, libraries, and FreeCAD source code, you are ready to begin the configuration and compilation process. This process will proceed in five steps:
 * 1) Run CMake once to examine your system and begin the configuration progress (this will report that it failed).
 * 2) Adjust necessary CMake settings to set the locations of the LibPack and enable Qt5.
 * 3) Re-run CMake to finalize the configuration (this time it should succeed).
 * 4) Use CMake to generate the Visual Studio build system.
 * 5) Use Visual Studio to build FreeCAD.

CMake
First, configure the build environment using CMake:
 * 1) Open the CMake GUI
 * 2) Specify the source folder of FreeCAD.
 * 3) Specify a build folder (do not use the source folder -- CMake will create this folder if it does not exist).
 * 4) Click Configure.
 * 5) In the dialog that appears specify the generator you want to use: in most cases you will use the defaults in this dialog. For the standard MS Visual Studio use Visual Studio xx 2yyy where xx is the compiler version and 2yyy the year of its release. It is recommended to use the default option Use default native compilers.

Note: It is important to specify the correct bit variant. If you have the 64-bit variant of the LibPack you must also use the x64 compiler.

This will begin the configuration and will fail because of missing settings. This is normal, you have not yet specified the location of the LibPack. However, there are other failures that might occur that require some further action on your part.

If it fails with the message that Visual Studio could not be found, the CMake support in MSVC is not yet installed. To do this:
 * 1)  Open the MSVC IDE
 * 2)  Use the menu Tools → Get Tools and Features
 * 3)  In the Workloads tab enable Desktop development with C++
 * 4) On the right side you should now see that the component Visual C++ tools for CMake will be installed.
 * 5) Install it.

If it fails with a message about the wrong Python version or missing Python, then:
 * 1)  Use the "Search:" box in CMake to search for the string "Python"
 * 2)  If you see there a path like C:/Program Files/Python38/python.exe, CMake recognized the Python that is already installed on your PC, but that version is not compatible with the LibPack. Since the LibPack includes a compatible version of Python, modify the following Python settings in CMake to its paths (assuming the LibPack is in the folder D:\FreeCAD-build\FreeCADLibs_12.5.2_x64_VC17):

If there is no error about Visual Studio or Python, everything is fine, but CMake does not yet know all necessary settings. Therefore now:
 * 1) Search in CMake for the variable FREECAD_LIBPACK_DIR and specify the location of the LibPack folder you downloaded earlier.
 * 2) Only if building FreeCAD 0.19, search for the variable BUILD_QT5 and enable this option.
 * 3) Click Configure again.

There should now be no errors. If you continue to encounter errors that you cannot diagnose, visit the Install/Compile forum on the FreeCAD forum website. If CMake proceeded correctly, click on Generate. After this is done you can close CMake and start the compilation of FreeCAD using Visual Studio. However, for the first compilation keep it open in case you want or need to change some options for the build process.

Note: When compiling FreeCAD 0.19, the CMake variable BUILD_ENABLE_CXX_STD will be set to C++14 while for FreeCAD 0.20 it will be set to C++17. This is because FreeCAD 0.20 requires at least the C++ language standard version 17. So when you compiled the last time FreeCAD 0.19 it is necessary to re-run CMake for FreeCAD 0.20 to change the C++ language standard.

Options for the build process
The CMake build system gives you control over some aspects of the build process. In particular, you can switch on and off some features or modules using CMake variables.

Here is a description of some of these variables:

Сборка FreeCAD
Depending on your compiler, the process for building FreeCAD will be slightly different. In the following sections you known workflows are described. If you are building with Qt Creator, jump to Building with Qt Creator, otherwise proceed directly:

Release Build
This will now take quite a long time.
 * 1) Start the Visual Studio IDE. This can either be done by pressing the button Open Project in the CMake GUI or by double-clicking on the file FreeCAD.sln that you find in your build folder.
 * 2) In the toolbar of the MSVC IDE assure that you use for the first compilation Release.
 * 3) There is a window called Solution Explorer. It lists all possible compilation targets. To start a full compilation, right-click on the target ALL_BUILD and then choose Build.

To compile a ready-to use FreeCAD, compile the target INSTALL, see section Running and installing FreeCAD.

Если вы не получили никаких ошибок, значит все готов. "Поздравляю!" Теперь вы можете выйти из MSVC или оставить его открытым.

Note: FreeCAD 0.20 requires at least the C++ language standard version 17 but the 3rd-party component flann from the LibPack is not yet ready for this. Therefore you will get compilation errors for the target ReverseEngineering. To fix this, right-click on this target in the MSVC solution explorer and select in the context menu the last entry Properties. In the appearing dialog change the C++ Language Standard to ISO C++14. Finally build the target ALL_BUILD again.

Debug Build
For a debug build it is necessary that the Python is used that is included in the LibPack. To assure this:
 * 1)  Search in the CMake GUI for "Python"
 * 2)  If you see there a path like C:/Program Files/Python38/python.exe, CMake recognized the Python that is installed on your PC and not the one of the LibPack. In this case adapt these different Python settings in CMake to this (assuming the LibPack is in the folder D:\FreeCAD-build\FreeCADLibs_12.5.2_x64_VC17):

Now This will now take quite a long time. If there were no compilation errors, you can start the debug build:
 * 1) Start the Visual Studio IDE. This can either be done by pressing the button Open Project in the CMake GUI or by double-clicking on the file FreeCAD.sln that you find in your build folder.
 * 2) In the toolbar of the MSVC IDE assure that you use for the first compilation Debug.
 * 3) There is a window called Solution Explorer. It lists all possible compilation targets. To start a full compilation, right-click on the target ALL_BUILD and then choose Build in the context menu.
 * 1) Right-click on the target FreeCADMain and then choose Set as Startup Project in the context menu.
 * 2) Finally click in the toolbar on the button with the green triangle named Local Windows Debugger.

This will start the debug build of FreeCAD and you can use the MSVC IDE to debug it.

Video Resource
An English language tutorial that begins with configuration in CMake Gui and continues to the `Build` command in Visual Studio 16 2019 is available unlisted on YouTube at Tutorial: Build FreeCAD from source on Windows 10.

Инсталяция и настройка Qt Creator

 * Download and install Qt Creator
 * Tools → Options → Text Editor → Behavior tab:
 * File Encodings → Default Encodings:
 * Set to: ISO-8859-1 /...csISOLatin1 (Certain characters create errors/warnings with Qt Creator if left set to UTF-8. This seems to fix it.)
 * Tools → Options → Build & Run:
 * CMake tab
 * Fill Executable box with path to cmake.exe
 * Kits tab
 * Name: MSVC 2008
 * Compiler: Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler 9.0 (x86)
 * Debugger: Auto detected...
 * Qt version: None
 * General tab
 * Uncheck: Always build project before deploying it
 * Uncheck: Always deploy project before running it

Import project and building

 * File → Open File or Project
 * Open CMakeLists.txt which is in the top level of the source
 * This will start CMake
 * Choose build directory and click next
 * Set generator to NMake Generator (MSVC 2008)
 * Click Run CMake. Follow the instructions depicted above to configure CMake to your liking.

Now FreeCAD can be built
 * Build → Build All
 * This will take a long time...

Once complete, it can be run: There are 2 green triangles at the bottom left. One is debug. The other is run. Pick whichever you want.

Command line build
The steps how to compile from the command line depends on the compiler. For MSVC 2017 the steps are:
 * 1) In Windows' start menu go to  and choose Developer Command Prompt for VS 2017
 * 2) Change to your build folder.
 * 3) Execute the command

or

These steps can also be automaized. Here is for example a solution for MSVC 2017:
 * 1) Download the script compile-FC.txt.
 * 2) Rename it to compile-FC.bat
 * 3) In Winddows' file explorer Shift+Right-click on your build folder and use from the context menu Command prompt here.
 * 4) Execute the command

Instead of calling compile-FC with the option install you can also use debug or release:

debug  - compile FreeCAD in debug configuration

release - compile FreeCAD in release configuration

install   - compile FreeCAD in release configuration and create an install setup

Running and installing FreeCAD
There are 2 methods to run the compiled FreeCAD:

Method 1: You execute the FreeCAD.exe that you find in your build folder in the subfolder bin

Method 2: You build the target INSTALL

Method 2 is the simpler one because it automatically assures that all libraries needed to run the FreeCAD.exe are in the correct folder. The FreeCAD.exe and the libraries will be output in the folder you specified in the CMake variable CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX.

For Method 1 you need to put the libraries into the bin folder of your build folder (where the FreeCAD.exe is). This can easily be done:
 * 1) Open the CMake GUI.
 * 2) Search there for the variable option FREECAD_COPY_DEPEND_DIRS_TO_BUILD and check it. If there is no such option, the libraries were already copied, see the description of the options.
 * 3) Search there for the variable option FREECAD_COPY_LIBPACK_BIN_TO_BUILD and check it.
 * 4) Search there for the variable option FREECAD_COPY_PLUGINS_BIN_TO_BUILD and check it.
 * 5) Click on Configure. At the end of the configuration CMake will automatically copy the necessary libraries from the LibPack folder.

Updating the build
FreeCAD is very actively developed. Therefore its source code changes almost daily. New features are added and bugs are fixed. To benefit from these source code changes, you must rebuild your FreeCAD. This is done in two steps:
 * 1) Updating the source code
 * 2) Recompilation

Using a frontend
When using the Git frontend TortoiseGit:
 * 1) Right-click on your FreeCAD source code folder in the Windows file explorer and select in the context menu Pull.
 * 2) A dialog will appear. Select there what development branch you want to get. master is the main branch. Therefore use this unless you want to compile a special new feature from a branch that has not yet been merged to master. (For more about Git branches, see Git development process.)

Finally click OK.

Using the command line
Open a terminal (command prompt) and switch there to your source directory. Then type:

where master the the name of the main development branch. If you want to get code from another branch, use its name instead of master.

Recompilation

 * 1) Open the MSVC IDE by double-clicking either on the file FreeCAD.sln or on the file ALL_BUILD.vcxproj in your build folder.
 * 2) Continue with step 2 from section Building with Visual Studio 15 2017.

Tools
In order to join the FreeCAD development you should compile and install the following tools:

Qt Designer plugin
FreeCAD uses Qt as toolkit for its user interface. All dialogs are setup in UI-files that can be edited using the program Qt Designer that is part of any Qt installation and also included in the LibPack. FreeCAD has its own set of Qt widgets to provide special features like adding a unit to input fields and to set preferences properties.

Installation
To make Qt Designer aware of the FreeCAD widgets, you must


 * 1) Download this ZIP file. (Compiled using Qt 5.12, see below.)
 * 2) Extract the DLL file in the ZIP and copy it
 * If you use the LibPack: to the folder ~\FreeCADLibs_12.5.2_x64_VC17\bin\designer Since there will only be a bin folder and you must first create the designer subfolder.
 * If you have a full Qt installation: you can choose between the folder C:\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\plugins\designer or C:\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\bin\designer (you must first create the designer subfolder.) (adapt the paths to your installation!).

(Re)Start Qt Designer and check its menu. If the plugin FreeCAD_widgets.dll is listed as being loaded, you can now design and change FreeCAD's .ui files. If not, you must compile the DLL by yourself.

If you prefer using Qt Creator instead of Qt Designer, the DLL must be placed in this folder: C:\Qt\Qt5.15.2\Tools\QtCreator\bin\plugins\designer (Re)Start Qt Creator, switch to the mode Design and then check the menu. If the plugin FreeCAD_widgets.dll is listed as being loaded, you can now design and change FreeCAD's .ui files. If not, you must compile the DLL by yourself.

Compilation
The DLL cannot be loaded as plugin if it was compiled using another Qt version than the one your Qt Designer/Qt Creator is based on. In this case you must compile the DLL by yourself. This is done the following way:


 * 1) Change to the FreeCAD source folder ~\src\Tools\plugins\widget
 * 2) Open a MSVC x64 command prompt using the Windows Start menu and change within it to the above folder. It is important that it is the x64 version of the MSVC command prompt!
 * 3) Execute this command If qmake could not be found, use the full path to it, e.g. for the LibPack it should be this one (adapt it to your installation): D:\FreeCAD-build\FreeCADLibs_12.5.2_x64_VC17\bin\qmake -t vclib plugin.pro for a full Qt installation it is C:\Qt\5.15.2\msvc2019_64\bin\qmake -t vclib plugin.pro (adapt the paths to your installation!)
 * 4) The call of qmake created the file FreeCAD_widgets.vcxproj in the folder ~\src\Tools\plugins\widget. Double-click on it and the MSVC IDE will open.
 * 5) In the toolbar of the MSVC IDE assure that you use the compilation target Release.
 * 6) There is a window called Solution Explorer. Right-click there on FreeCAD_widgets and then choose Build.
 * 7) As result you should now have a FreeCAD_widgets.dll in the folder ~\src\Tools\plugins\widget\release that you can install as plugin as described above.

Thumbnail Provider
FreeCAD has the feature to provide preview thumbnails for *.FCStd files. That means that in the Windows file explorer *.FCStd files are shown with a screenshot of the model it contains. To provide this feature, FreeCAD needs to have the file FCStdThumbnail.dll installed to Windows.

Installation
The DLL is installed this way:
 * 1) Download this ZIP file and extract it.
 * 2) Open a Windows command prompt with administrator privileges (these privileges are a requirement).
 * 3) Change to the folder where the DLL is.
 * 4) Execute this command

So check if it works, assure that in FreeCAD the preferences option Save thumbnail into project file when saving document is enabled and save a model. Then view in Windows Explorer the folder of the saved model using a symbol view. You should now see a screenshot of the model in the folder view.

Сборник
To compile the FCStdThumbnail.dll
 * 1) Change to the FreeCAD source folder ~\src\Tools\thumbs\ThumbnailProvider
 * 2) Open the CMake GUI
 * 3) Specify there as source folder the one you are currently in.
 * 4) Use the same folder as build folder.
 * 5) Click Configure
 * 6) In the appearing dialog, specify the generator according to the one you want to use. For the standard MS Visual Studio use Visual Studio xx 2yyy where xx is the compiler version and 2yyy the year of its release. It is recommended to use the default option Use default native compilers. Note: It is important to specify the correct bit variant. If you have the 64bit variant of LibPack you must also use the x64 compiler.
 * 7) Click on Generate.
 * 8) You should now have the file ALL_BUILD.vcxproj in the folder ~\src\Tools\thumbs\ThumbnailProvider. Double-click on it and the MSVC IDE will open.
 * 9) In the toolbar of the MSVC IDE assure that you use the compilation target Release.
 * 10) There is a window called Solution Explorer. Right-click there on ALL_BUILD and then choose Build.
 * 11) As result you should now have a FCStdThumbnail.dll in the folder ~\src\Tools\thumbs\ThumbnailProvider\release that you can install as described above.

Compiling OpenCASCADE
The standard Libpack comes with a version of OpenCASCADE that is suitable for general use. However, under some circumstances you may wish to compile against an alternate version of OpenCASCADE, such as one of their official releases, or a patched fork. Note that there is no guarantee that FreeCAD will work with all versions of OpenCASCADE, and using a non-Libpack version is for advanced users only. Note also that if you are using the Netgen library, it uses OpenCASCADE for some of its functionality and must be compiled against the same version of OpenCASCADE that you use when compiling FreeCAD.

The process for building a custom version of OpenCASCADE is similar to that for FreeCAD, and can make use of the FreeCAD Libpack that you have already downloaded to provide the third-party dependencies it needs (Freetype and Tcl/Tk).

First obtain the OpenCASCADE source code, either directly from the release page at OpenCASCADE.org, via git, or by cloning someone else's fork, such as the "blobfish" fork maintained by FreeCAD forum member tanderson69.

Next, use CMake to configure the build system in a similar manner to building FreeCAD. Notable CMake options for OpenCASCADE are:
 * 3RDPARTY_DIR - The location of your thrid-party libraries, typically set to your FreeCAD Libpack directory
 * INSTALL_DIR - Where to install the finished libraries. A good practice is to use an isolated directory on your system, rather than installing globally, or overwriting the Libpack's version.

Finally, open the project in Visual Studio and build the ALL_BUILD and then INSTALL targets.

Once you have generated the appropriate DLLs for OpenCASCADE (there are many of them), you will need to rebuild FreeCAD. Open CMake and set up the source and build directories of a FreeCAD build as directed above. It is generally a good idea to use a new build directory for this alternate version of OpenCASCADE so that it is easy to switch back to your old version of FreeCAD if something goes wrong, and to set up an install directory so you can ensure the correct libraries are in place. In addition to the CMake variables discussed above, set the OpenCASCADE_DIR variable to the location of the cmake folder containing your OpenCASCADE build information. For example: CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX   C:/Users/JaneDoe/Work/FreeCAD_occt751-install/ OpenCASCADE_DIR        C:/Users/JaneDoe/Work/opencascade-7.5.1-install/cmake/

Once you have used CMake to generate the build files for FreeCAD, open it in Visual Studio, build it, and then run build on the INSTALL target.

Ссылки на литературу
See also
 * Compile on Windows with Visual Studio 2013
 * Compiling - Speeding up