Pivy/es

Pivy es una biblioteca para enlazar Python con Coin3d, la biblioteca de renderizado-3D utilizada con FreeCAD. Cuando se importa en un intérprete de Python en ejecución, permite dialogar directamente con cualquier escenas gráficas (scenegraphs) de Coin3d en ejecución, como las vistas 3D de FreeCAD, o incluso para crear otras nuevas. Pivy se incluye en la instalación estándar de FreeCAD.

La biblioteca de Coin se divide en varias partes, la propia Coin, para manipular escenas gráficas, y pasarelas a varios sistemas de interfaz gráfica de usuario (GUI), tales como Windows o, en nuestro caso, Qt. Esos módulos están también disponibles para Pivy, si están presentes en el sistema. El módulo Coin está siempre presente, y es lo que vamos a utilizar en todos los casos, y no tendrás que preocuparte de anclar nuestra pantalla 3D en ninguna interfaz, ya que FreeCAD ya lo ha hecho por si mismo. Todo lo que necesitamos hacer es esto:

Acceso y modificación de la escena gráfica
We saw in the Scenegraph page how a typical Coin scene is organized. Everything that appears in a FreeCAD 3D view is a coin scenegraph, organized the same way. We have one root node, and all objects on the screen are its children.

FreeCAD has an easy way to access the root node of a 3D view scenegraph: This will return the root node: We can inspect the immediate children of our scene: Some of those nodes, such as SoSeparators or SoGroups, can have children themselves. The complete list of the available coin objects can be found in the official coin documentation.

Let's try to add something to our scenegraph now. We'll add a nice red cube: and here is our (nice) red cube. Now, let's try this: See? everything is still accessible and modifiable on-the-fly. No need to recompute or redraw anything, coin takes care of everything. You can add stuff to your scenegraph, change properties, hide stuff, show temporary objects, anything. Of course, this only concerns the display in the 3D view. That display gets recomputed by FreeCAD on file open, and when an object needs recomputing. So, if you change the aspect of an existing FreeCAD object, those changes will be lost if the object gets recomputed or when you reopen the file.

A key to work with scenegraphs in your scripts is to be able to access certain properties of the nodes you added when needed. For example, if we wanted to move our cube, we would have added a SoTranslation node to our custom node, and it would have looked like this: Remember that in an openInventor scenegraph, the order is important. A node affects what comes next, so you can say something like: color red, cube, color yellow, sphere, and you will get a red cube and a yellow sphere. If we added the translation now to our existing custom node, it would come after the cube, and not affect it. If we had inserted it when creating it, like here above, we could now do: And our cube would jump 2 units to the right. Finally, removing something is done with:

Using callback mechanisms
A callback mechanism is a system that permits a library that you are using, such as our coin library, to call you back, that is, to call a certain function from your currently running python object. This is extremely useful, because that way coin can notify you if some specific event occurs in the scene. Coin can watch very different things, such as mouse position, clicks of a mouse button, keyboard keys being pressed, and many other things.

FreeCAD features an easy way to use such callbacks: The callback has to be initiated from an object, because that object must still be running when the callback will occur. See also a complete list of possible events and their parameters, or the official coin documentation.

Documentation
Unfortunately pivy itself still doesn't have a proper documentation, but since it is an accurate translation of coin, you can safely use the coin documentation as reference, and use python style instead of c++ style (for example SoFile::getClassTypeId would in pivy be SoFile.getClassId)