Sketcher ConstrainCoincident/es: Difference between revisions

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{{Docnav|[[Sketcher_ToggleConstruction|Construction Mode]]|[[Sketcher ConstrainPointOnObject|Point On Object]]|[[Sketcher_Workbench|Sketcher]]|IconL=Sketcher_ToggleConstruction.png|IconC=Workbench_Sketcher.svg|IconR=Constraint_PointOnObject.png}}


{{Docnav
|[[Sketcher_ConstrainCoincidentUnified|Coincident (unified)]]
|[[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject|Point on object]]
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|MenuLocation=Sketch → Restricciones de croquis → Restricción de coincidencia|SeeAlso=[[Constraint Lock/es|Restricción de bloqueo]], [[Constraint PointOnObject/es|Punto en objeto]]
|MenuLocation=Sketch → Restricciones de croquis → Restricción de coincidencia|SeeAlso=[[Sketcher_ConstrainLock/es|Restricción de bloqueo]], [[Sketcher_ConstrainPointOnObject/es|Punto en objeto]]
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==Description==
"Crea una restricción de coincidencia en los objetos seleccionados"


The [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainCoincident.svg|24px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainCoincident|Sketcher ConstrainCoincident]] tool creates a coincident constraint between points, or ({{Version|0.21}}) a concentric constraint between circles, arcs and/or ellipses (by making their centers coincident).
==Descripción==


{{Version|1.0}}: This tool is replaced by the [[Sketcher_ConstrainCoincidentUnified|Sketcher ConstrainCoincidentUnified]] tool if the '''Unify Coincident and PointOnObject''' option is selected in the [[Sketcher_Preferences#General|preferences]].
Esta restricción permite hacer dos puntos <em>coincidentes</em>.


==Usage==
This constraint tool takes two points as its argument and serves to make the two points ''coincident''. (Meaning to make them as-one-point).


See also: [[Sketcher_Workbench#Drawing_aids|Drawing aids]].
In practical terms this constraint tool is useful when there is a break in a profile for example - where two lines end near each other and need to be joined - a coincident constraint on their end-points will close the gap.


===[[Sketcher_Workbench#Continue_modes|Continue mode]]===
==Utilización==


# Make sure there is no selection.
#Selecciona dos puntos.
# There are several ways to invoke the tool:
#Selecciona la restricción 'Coincidencia' y los dos puntos pasarán a ser coincidentes.
#* Press the {{Button|[[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainCoincident.svg|16px]] [[Sketcher_ConstrainCoincident|Constrain coincident]]}} button.
#* Select the {{MenuCommand|Sketch → Sketcher constraints → [[Image:Sketcher_ConstrainCoincident.svg|16px]] Constrain coincident}} option from the menu.
#* Use the keyboard shortcut: {{KEY|C}}.
# The cursor changes to a cross with the tool icon.
# Do one of the following:
#* Select two points.
#* Select two edges of circles, arcs, ellipses or arcs of ellipses.
# A constraint is added.
# Optionally keep creating constraints.
# To finish, right-click or press {{KEY|Esc}}, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool.


===Run-once mode===
NOTE: In order to make two points coincident, FreeCAD must necessarily move one, or both, of the original points.


# Do one of the following:
==Scripting==
#* Select two or more points.
#* Select two or more edges of circles, arcs, ellipses or arcs of ellipses.
# Invoke the tool as explained above.
# Depending on the selection one or more constraints are added.


==Notes==
===General scripting===
The constraint can be created from macros and from the python console by using the following command:
{{Code|code=Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Coincident',LineFixed,PointOfLineFixed,LineMoving,PointOfLineMoving)) }}
where :
*Sketch is a sketch object
*LineFixed is the number of the line, that will not move by applying the constraint
*PointOfLineFixed is the number of the vertex of the line LineFixed that has to fulfilled the constraint
*LineMoving is the number of the line, that will move by applying the constraint
*PointOfLineMoving is the number of the line LineMoving, that has to fulfilled the constraint


* {{Version|1.0}}: Points with Coincident constraints are marked with the '''Constraint symbols''' [[Sketcher_Preferences#Display|color]].
The main issue by using this function is to identify correctly the line number and the vertex number of the lines you want to process.


==Scripting==
The next paragraph will explain you how to identify the numbering of a line and of a vertex of a line.


The constraint can be created from [[Macros|macros]] and from the [[Python|Python]] console by using the following command:
===Identifying the numbering of a line===


{{Code|code=Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Coincident',LineFixed,PointOfLineFixed,LineMoving,PointOfLineMoving)) }}
I have drawn three lines as shown in the following figure.


where :
[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure1.jpg|600px]]
* {{incode|Sketch}} is a sketch object
* {{incode|LineFixed}} is the number of the line, that will not move by applying the constraint
* {{incode|PointOfLineFixed}} indicates which vertex of {{incode|LineFixed}} has to fulfill the constraint
* {{incode|LineMoving}} is the number of the line, that will move by applying the constraint
* {{incode|PointOfLineMoving}} indicates which vertex of {{incode|LineMoving}} has to fulfill the constraint


As the names {{incode|LineFixed}} and {{incode|LineMoving}} indicate, if both constrained vertices are free to move in any direction, the first one (first to be selected in the Gui) will remain fixed and the other one will move. In the presence of existing constraints, however, both edges may move.
By moving the cursor of the mouse above the line you can see the line number at the bottom left of the FreeCAD windows, see next figure.


The [[Sketcher_scripting|Sketcher scripting]] page explains the values which can be used for {{incode|LineFixed}}, {{incode|PointOfLineFixed}}, {{incode|LineMoving}} and {{incode|PointOfLineMoving}}, and contains further examples on how to create constraints from Python scripts.
[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure2.jpg|600px]]


Unfortunately the numbering displayed on the FreeCAD windows start from 1 whereas the numbering of the line used to script start from 0: this means that you have to retrieve one each time you want to refer to a line.

===Identifying the numbering of the vertices of a line===

The vertices of one line can only have the value 1 or 2. (Don’t ask me, why the vertices numbering does not start from 0 …) The vertices are numbered according to their order of creation. To find out the order of their creation (If you have a lot of lines, you cannot remember which vertex you have created first), you just have to move the cursor of your mouse above the two vertices of one line, see following figure.

[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure3.jpg|600px]]

If you read e.g. 4 and 5, it means that the vertex 4 will be referenced by using the number 1 in the script command and the vertex 5 will be referenced by using the number 2 in the script command. Etc.

=== Example ===

Let us take the previous example of the three lines. The subsequent figure indicates the numbering of each line and their vertices according to the convention for scripting.

[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure3Bis.jpg|600px]]

blue text = numbering of line, black text = numbering of vertices

The command
{{Code|code= Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Coincident',1,2,2,1)) }}
yields following result:

[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure4.jpg|600px]]

The command
{{Code|code= Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Coincident',0,2,2,2)) }}
yields following result:

[[File:PartDesignConstraintPointOnPointScriptingFigure5.jpg|600px]]


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Latest revision as of 14:49, 23 April 2024

Restricción de coincidencia

Ubicación en el Menú
Sketch → Restricciones de croquis → Restricción de coincidencia
Entornos de trabajo
Sketcher
Atajo de teclado por defecto
C
Introducido en versión
-
Ver también
Restricción de bloqueo, Punto en objeto

Description

The Sketcher ConstrainCoincident tool creates a coincident constraint between points, or (introduced in version 0.21) a concentric constraint between circles, arcs and/or ellipses (by making their centers coincident).

introduced in version 1.0: This tool is replaced by the Sketcher ConstrainCoincidentUnified tool if the Unify Coincident and PointOnObject option is selected in the preferences.

Usage

See also: Drawing aids.

Continue mode

  1. Make sure there is no selection.
  2. There are several ways to invoke the tool:
    • Press the Constrain coincident button.
    • Select the Sketch → Sketcher constraints → Constrain coincident option from the menu.
    • Use the keyboard shortcut: C.
  3. The cursor changes to a cross with the tool icon.
  4. Do one of the following:
    • Select two points.
    • Select two edges of circles, arcs, ellipses or arcs of ellipses.
  5. A constraint is added.
  6. Optionally keep creating constraints.
  7. To finish, right-click or press Esc, or start another geometry or constraint creation tool.

Run-once mode

  1. Do one of the following:
    • Select two or more points.
    • Select two or more edges of circles, arcs, ellipses or arcs of ellipses.
  2. Invoke the tool as explained above.
  3. Depending on the selection one or more constraints are added.

Notes

Scripting

The constraint can be created from macros and from the Python console by using the following command:

Sketch.addConstraint(Sketcher.Constraint('Coincident',LineFixed,PointOfLineFixed,LineMoving,PointOfLineMoving))

where :

  • Sketch is a sketch object
  • LineFixed is the number of the line, that will not move by applying the constraint
  • PointOfLineFixed indicates which vertex of LineFixed has to fulfill the constraint
  • LineMoving is the number of the line, that will move by applying the constraint
  • PointOfLineMoving indicates which vertex of LineMoving has to fulfill the constraint

As the names LineFixed and LineMoving indicate, if both constrained vertices are free to move in any direction, the first one (first to be selected in the Gui) will remain fixed and the other one will move. In the presence of existing constraints, however, both edges may move.

The Sketcher scripting page explains the values which can be used for LineFixed, PointOfLineFixed, LineMoving and PointOfLineMoving, and contains further examples on how to create constraints from Python scripts.