Draft PathArray/ru: Difference between revisions
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{{Docnav|[[Draft_LinkArray|Link Array]]|[[Draft_PathLinkArray|Path LinkArray]]|[[Draft_Module|Draft]]|IconL=Draft_LinkArray.svg|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg|IconR=Draft_PathLinkArray.svg}} |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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The {{Button|[[Image:Draft_PathArray.svg|16px]] [[ |
The {{Button|[[Image:Draft_PathArray.svg|16px]] [[Draft_PathArray|Draft PathArray]]}} tool places copies of a selected shape along a selected path, which can be a [[Draft_Wire|Draft Wire]], a [[Draft_BSpline|Draft BSpline]], and similar edges. |
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The PathArray tool can be used on any object that has a [[Part_TopoShape|Part TopoShape]], meaning 2D shapes created with the [[Draft_Workbench|Draft Workbench]], but also 3D solids created with other workbenches, for example, [[Part_Workbench|Part]], [[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign]], or [[Arch_Workbench|Arch]]. |
The PathArray tool can be used on any object that has a [[Part_TopoShape|Part TopoShape]], meaning 2D shapes created with the [[Draft_Workbench|Draft Workbench]], but also 3D solids created with other workbenches, for example, [[Part_Workbench|Part]], [[PartDesign_Workbench|PartDesign]], or [[Arch_Workbench|Arch]]. |
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{{Docnav|[[Draft_LinkArray|Link Array]]|[[Draft_PathLinkArray|Path LinkArray]]|[[Draft_Module|Draft]]|IconL=Draft_LinkArray.svg|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg|IconR=Draft_PathLinkArray.svg}} |
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|[[Draft_LinkArray|Link Array]] |
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|[[Draft_PathLinkArray|Path LinkArray]] |
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|[[Draft_Module|Draft]] |
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|IconL=Draft_LinkArray.svg |
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|IconR=Draft_PathLinkArray.svg |
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|IconC=Workbench_Draft.svg |
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{{Draft Tools navi{{#translation:}}}} |
Revision as of 14:19, 1 December 2020
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Системное название |
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Draft PathArray |
Расположение в меню |
Черчение → Массив по направляющей |
Верстаки |
Draft, Arch |
Быстрые клавиши |
Нет |
Представлено в версии |
- |
См. также |
Массив |
Description
The Draft PathArray tool places copies of a selected shape along a selected path, which can be a Draft Wire, a Draft BSpline, and similar edges.
The PathArray tool can be used on any object that has a Part TopoShape, meaning 2D shapes created with the Draft Workbench, but also 3D solids created with other workbenches, for example, Part, PartDesign, or Arch.
- To create orthogonal, polar or circular arrays, use the corresponding
OrthoArray,
PolarArray, or
CircularArray tools.
- To position App Link copies along a path use
PathLinkArray.
- To position copies at specified points use
PointArray or
PointLinkArray.
- To create copies and manually place them use
Move or
Rotate.
- To create exact copies and manually place or scale them, use
Clone or
Std LinkMake.
Object arranged along a path
Usage
- Select the object that you wish to distribute.
- Select the path object or edges along which the object will be distributed.
- Press the
PathArray button.
- The Array object is immediately created. You must change the properties of the array to change the number and direction of copies created.
Each element in the array is an exact clone of the original object, but the entire array is considered a single unit in terms of properties and appearance.
Note: if the ДанныеBase object doesn't seem to be positioned correctly in the path, check that its ДанныеPlacement is in the origin (0,0,0)
. Certain objects can be placed anywhere in the 3D space when used with the PathArray tool, but others must be at the origin, particularly those created by using
Part Extrude with a 2D profile like a
Sketch.
Options
There are no options for this tool. Either it works with the selected objects or not.
Properties
A PathArray is derived from a Part Feature (Part::Feature
class), therefore it shares all the latter's properties. In addition to the properties described in Part Feature, the PathArray has the following properties in the property editor.
Alignment
- ДанныеAlign (
Bool
): if it istrue
the copies will be aligned to the path; otherwise they are left in their default orientation.
- Note: in certain cases the shape will appear flat, in reality it may have moved in the 3D space, so instead of using a flat view, change the view to axonometric.
- ДанныеAlign Mode (
Enumeration
): three modes,Original
,Frenet
,Tangent
. - ДанныеExtra Translation (
VectorDistance
): additional displacement vector(x, y, z)
that will be applied to each copy along the path. This is useful to make small adjustments in the position of the copies, for example, when its reference point doesn't match the center point of its shape. - ДанныеForce Vertical (
Bool
): if it istrue
, the value of ДанныеVertical Vector will be used as the local Z direction, when ДанныеAlign Mode isOriginal
orTangent
. introduced in version 0.19 - ДанныеTangent Vector (
Vector
): it defaults to(1, 0, 0)
; alignment unit vector that will be used when ДанныеAlign Mode isTangent
. introduced in version 0.19 - ДанныеVertical Vector (
Vector
): it defaults to(0, 0, 1)
; unit vector of the local Z direction that will be used when ДанныеVertical Vector istrue
. introduced in version 0.19
Objects
- ДанныеBase (
LinkGlobal
): specifies the object to duplicate in the path. - ДанныеCount (
Integer
): specifies the number of copies to create in the path. - ДанныеPath Object (
LinkGlobal
): specifies the object along which the copies will be distributed. It must contain'Edges'
in its Part TopoShape; for example, it could be aWire or
BSpline.
- ДанныеPath Subelements (
LinkSubListGlobal
): specifies the sub-elements (edges) of the ДанныеPath Object on which the copies will be created. The copies will be created only on these edges. If this property is empty, the copies will be distributed on the entire ДанныеPath Object.
Scripting
See also: Draft API and FreeCAD Scripting Basics.
The PathArray tool can be used in macros and from the Python console by using the following function:
Older call
path_array = makePathArray(base_object, path_object, count, xlate=None, align=False, pathobjsubs=[])
New call
path_array = make_path_array(base_object, path_object,
count=4, extra=App.Vector(0, 0, 0), subelements=None,
align=False, align_mode="Original", tan_vector=App.Vector(1, 0, 0),
force_vertical=False, vertical_vector=App.Vector(0, 0, 1),
use_link=True):
- Creates a
"PathArray"
object from thebase_object
, by placing as many ascount
copies alongpath_object
.- Instead of a reference to an object,
base_object
andpath_object
can also beLabels
(strings) of objects existing in the current document. - If
extra
is given, it is a vector that displaces each of the individual copies by a small amount. - If
subelements
is given, it is a list of edges ofpath_object
, for example,['Edge1', 'Edge2']
; the copies will be created along this shorter path. - If
align
isTrue
, the copies are aligned along thepath_object
depending on the value ofalign_mode
, which may be"Original"
,"Frenet"
or"Tangent"
. - If
tan_vector
is given, it is a unit vector that defines the local tangent direction of the copy along the path. It is used whenalign_mode
is"Tangent"
. - If
force_vertical
isTrue
, the value ofvertical_vector
is used to determine the local Z direction of the copy along the path. It is used whenalign_mode
is"Original"
or"Tangent"
. - If
use_link
isTrue
, the type of array created will be a PathLinkArray, whose elements are App Link instances instead of simple copies.
- Instead of a reference to an object,
Example:
import FreeCAD as App
import Draft
doc = App.newDocument()
p1 = App.Vector(500, -1000, 0)
p2 = App.Vector(1500, 1000, 0)
p3 = App.Vector(3000, 500, 0)
p4 = App.Vector(4500, 100, 0)
spline = Draft.make_bspline([p1, p2, p3, p4])
obj = Draft.make_polygon(3, 500)
path_array = Draft.make_path_array(obj, spline, 6)
doc.recompute()
wire = Draft.make_wire([p1, -p2, -p3, -p4])
path_array2 = Draft.make_path_array(obj, wire, count=3, extra=App.Vector(0, -500, 0), subelements=["Edge2", "Edge3"], align=True, force_vertical=True)
doc.recompute()
Technical explanation for the Align property
When ДанныеAlign is false
, the placement of the copied shapes is easy to understand; they are just moved to a different position in their original orientation.
![Align false](/images/a/ae/Patharray_NoAlign.png)
Object arranged along a closed path in the original orientation
When ДанныеAlign is true
, the positioning of the shapes becomes a bit more complex:
- First, Frenet coordinate systems are built on the path: X is tangent, Z is normal, Y is binormal.
- Then the original object is copied to every on-path coordinate system, so that the global origin is matched with the on-path coordinate system origin.
![](/images/thumb/e/e1/Patharray_alignment_annotated.png/600px-Patharray_alignment_annotated.png)
Object arranged along a closed path; description of components and path
The following images show how the array is produced, depending on which plane the path is.
Path on XY Plane:
![](/images/thumb/7/73/Patharray_alignment.png/600px-Patharray_alignment.png)
Object arranged along a closed path which is aligned to the XY plane
Path on XZ Plane:
![](/images/thumb/c/c9/Patharray_alignment-XZ.png/600px-Patharray_alignment-XZ.png)
Object arranged along a closed path which is aligned to the XZ plane
Path on YZ Plane:
![](/images/thumb/7/73/Patharray_alignment-YZ.png/600px-Patharray_alignment-YZ.png)
Object arranged along a closed path which is aligned to the YZ plane
As you reorient the path but not the object, the result is consistent: the object remains aligned to the path the way it was before reorienting the path.
Editor: thank you to user DeepSOIC for this explanation.
Additional alignment modes and options introduced in v0.19
Original mode (the default) is the historic alignment mode as in version 0.18. It is not really the Frenet alignment. Original mode uses the normal parameter from Draft.getNormal (or the default) as a constant - it does not calculate curve normal. X follows the curve tangent, Y is the normal parameter, Z is X.Cross(Y).
Tangent mode is similar to Original, but includes a rotation to align the Base object's X to the TangentVector before placing copies. After the rotation, Tangent behaves the same as Original. In previous versions this rotation would be performed manually before invoking PathArray.
Frenet mode orients the copies to a coordinate system along the path. X is tangent to curve, Y is curve normal, Z is curve binormal. If a normal can not be computed (ex a straight line), the default is used.
The ForceVertical option applies to Original and Tangent modes. When this option is applied, the normal parameter from Draft.getNormal is ignored. X follows the curve tangent, Z is the VerticalVector property and Y is X.Cross(Z).
Version 18 cycle chain - Original mode
![Align false](/images/thumb/a/ae/Patharray_cycleChain.png/600px-Patharray_cycleChain.png)
Railway cross ties (sleepers) - Tangent mode + ForceVertical
![Align false](/images/thumb/5/5f/Patharray_railwayTies.png/600px-Patharray_railwayTies.png)
Frenet Mode
![Align false](/images/thumb/f/f0/Patharray_FrenetMode.png/600px-Patharray_FrenetMode.png)
- Drafting: Line, Polyline, Fillet, Arc, Arc by 3 points, Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon, B-spline, Cubic Bézier curve, Bézier curve, Point, Facebinder, ShapeString, Hatch
- Annotation: Text, Dimension, Label, Annotation styles, Annotation scale
- Modification: Move, Rotate, Scale, Mirror, Offset, Trimex, Stretch, Clone, Array, Polar array, Circular array, Path array, Path link array, Point array, Point link array, Edit, Subelement highlight, Join, Split, Upgrade, Downgrade, Wire to B-spline, Draft to sketch, Set slope, Flip dimension, Shape 2D view
- Draft Tray: Select plane, Set style, Toggle construction mode, AutoGroup
- Snapping: Snap lock, Snap endpoint, Snap midpoint, Snap center, Snap angle, Snap intersection, Snap perpendicular, Snap extension, Snap parallel, Snap special, Snap near, Snap ortho, Snap grid, Snap working plane, Snap dimensions, Toggle grid
- Miscellaneous: Apply current style, Layer, Manage layers, Add a new named group, Move to group, Select group, Add to construction group, Toggle normal/wireframe display, Create working plane proxy, Heal, Show snap toolbar
- Additional: Constraining, Pattern, Preferences, Import Export Preferences, DXF/DWG, SVG, OCA, DAT
- Context menu:
- Layer container: Merge layer duplicates, Add new layer
- Layer: Activate this layer, Select layer contents
- Text: Open hyperlinks
- Wire: Flatten
- Working plane proxy: Write camera position, Write objects state
![](/images/thumb/9/94/User_hub.png/24px-User_hub.png)
- Начинающим
- Установка: Загрузка, Windows, Linux, Mac, Дополнительных компонентов, Docker, AppImage, Ubuntu Snap
- Базовая: О FreeCAD, Интерфейс, Навигация мыши, Методы выделения, Имя объекта, Настройки, Верстаки, Структура документа, Свойства, Помоги FreeCAD, Пожертвования
- Помощь: Учебники, Видео учебники
- Верстаки: Std Base, Arch, Assembly, CAM, Draft, FEM, Inspection, Mesh, OpenSCAD, Part, PartDesign, Points, Reverse Engineering, Robot, Sketcher, Spreadsheet, Surface, TechDraw, Test Framework