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==Description==


==Descripción==
Draft DXF is a software module used by the [[File:Std_Open.svg|24px]] [[Std_Open|Std Open]], [[Std_Import|Std Import]] and [[Std_Export|Std Export]] commands to handle the DXF file format.

El borrador DXF es un módulo de software utilizado por el [[File:Std_Open.svg|24px]] [[Std_Open/es|Std Abrir]], [[File:Std_Import.svg|24px]] [[Std_Import/es|Std Importar]] y [[File:Std_Export.svg|24px]] [[Std_Export/es|Std Exportar]] para manejar el formato de archivo DXF.


[[Image:Screenshot qcad.jpg]]
[[Image:Screenshot qcad.jpg]]
{{Caption|Qcad drawing exported to DXF, which is subsequently opened in FreeCAD}}
{{Caption|Dibujo Qcad exportado a DXF, que posteriormente se abre en FreeCAD}}


==Importación==
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===Apertura===


Two importers are available, which one is used can be specified under {{MenuCommand|Edit → Preferences... → Import-Export → DXF}}. One is built-in, C++-based and fast, the other is legacy, coded in Python, slower, and requires the installation of an add-on, but can handle some entities better and can create more refined FreeCAD objects. Both support all DXF versions starting from R12.
Esta función abre un archivo DXF (cualquier versión desde la 12 hasta la 2007) en un nuevo dibujo.

Los siguientes tipos de objetos DXF está soportados actualmente:
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* líneas
Los objetos 3D dentro de un archivo DXF se almacenan bajo un blob binario ACIS/SAT, que por el momento no puede ser leído por FreeCAD. Sin embargo, entidades más sencillas como los 3DFACEs son soportados.
* polilíneas y lwpolilíneas (polilíneas aligeradas)
* circunferencias
* arcos
* capas (las capas que contienen objetos se convierten en Grupos en FreeCAD)
* textos y textos múltiples (mtext)
* cotas
* bloques (solo geometría. Los textos, cotas y atributos dentro de los bloques se ignorarán)
* puntos {{Version/es|0.13}}
* directrices {{Version/es|0.13}}
Otras entidades DXF no se importan actualmente porque no tienen correspondencia con los objetos de FreeCAD. Así como se implementen nuevas funcionalidades, será posible importar más tipos de entidades.
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===C++ importer===
The importer has two modes, settable under Edit -> Preferences -> Import/Export -> DXF: One is built-in, C++-based and fast, the other, legacy one is code in Python slower, requires the installation of an add-on, but can sometimes handle some entities better and can created more refined FreeCAD objects. Both support all DXF versions starting from R12.


This importer can import the following DXF objects:
3D objects inside a DXF file are stored under a binary ACIS/SAT blob, which at the moment cannot be read by FreeCAD. Simpler entities like 3DFACEs, though, are supported.

The following DXF objects can be imported:
* lines
* lines
* polylines (and lwpolylines)
* polylines (and lwpolylines)
* circles
* arcs
* arcs
* splines
* circles
* ellipses
* ellipses
* layers
* splines
* points
* texts and mtexts
* texts and mtexts
* dimensions
* dimensions
* blocks (only geometry. texts, dimensions and attributes inside blocks will be skipped)
* points
* leaders
* leaders
* blocks (only geometry, texts, dimensions and attributes inside blocks are skipped)
* layers
* paper space objects
* paper space objects


===Legacy importer===
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===Exportación===


This importer can import the following DXF objects:
El DXF exportado es compatible con AutoCAD versión 12 y superiores, de modo que debería abrirse en casi cualquier aplicación que soporte el formato DXF.
* lines
Actualmente se exportan los siguientes objetos de FreeCAD:
* polylines (and lwpolylines)
* líneas y wires (polilíneas)
* arcs
* arcos y circunferencias
* textos
* circles
* ellipses
* los colores se traducen de los colores de los objetos RGB a los índices de colores de AutoCAD (ACI). El negro siempre será "Porcapa"
* splines
* las capas se traducen a partir de los nombres de los grupos. Cuando los grupos están anidados, el grupo de más bajo nivel le da el nombre a la capa.
* 3D faces
* cotas, que se exportan con el estilo de cota "Standard"
* texts and mtexts
* leaders
* layers

==Exportación==

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Los archivos se exportan en el formato DXF R14, que puede ser manejado por muchas aplicaciones.
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===C++ exporter===
Files are exported in the R14 DXF format which can be handled by many applications.


Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:
The following FreeCAD objects can be exported:
* All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except [[Draft_CubicBezCurve|Draft CubicBezCurves]], [[Draft_BezCurve|Draft BezCurves]] and [[Draft_Point|Draft Points]].
* all of FreeCAD's 2D geometry such as Draft objects or sketches
* Straight edges from faces of 3D objects are exported, but curved edges only if they are on a plane parallel to the XY plane of the global coordinate system. Note that a DXF created from 3D objects will contain duplicate lines.
* 3D objects are exported as a flattened 2D view
* Texts and dimensions are not exported.
* Compound objects are exported as blocks
* Colors are ignored.
* texts
* Layers are mapped from object names.
* colors are mapped from objects RGB colors to autocad color index (ACI). Black will always be "by layer"
* layers are mapped from group names. When groups are nested, the deepest group gives the layer name.
* dimensions, which are exported with "Standard" dimstyle.


===Legacy exporter===
==Installing==


Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:
For licensing reasons, the required [[DXF|DXF]] import/export libraries needed by the legacy version of the importer are not part of the FreeCAD source code.
* All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except [[Draft_Point|Draft Points]]. But ellipses, B-splines and Bézier curves are not exported properly.
For more information see: [[FreeCAD_and_DXF_Import|FreeCAD and DXF Import]].
* 3D objects are exported as flattened 2D views.
* Compound objects are exported as blocks.
* Texts and dimensions are exported.
* The colors in the DXF are based on the line color of objects. Black is mapped to "ByBlock", other colors are mapped using AutoCAD Color Index (ACI) colors.
* Layers are mapped from layer and group names. When groups are nested, the deepest group gives the layer name.


==Preferences==
==Instalación==


Por razones de licencia, las librerías de importación/exportación [[DXF/es|DXF]] necesarias para la versión antigua del importador no forman parte del código fuente de FreeCAD.
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Para más información ver: [[FreeCAD_and_DXF_Import/es|Importación FreeCAD y DXF]].
===Preferencias===


==Preferencias==
Los siguientes parámetros se pueden especificar en la [[Draft Preferences/es|Pestaña de preferencias]] (menú Editar -> Preferencias -> Croquizado):

* Importar estilo: Permite seleccionar el modo que se dibujarán los objetos del DXF en FreeCAD. Puedes escoger entre:
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** Ninguno: este es el modo más rápido, sin conversiones, todos los objetos serán negros con un espesor de 2px (por defecto en FreeCAD)
Para más información, consulte: [[Import_Export_Preferences/es|Preferencias de exportación]].
** Utilizar color y espesor de líneas por defecto: Todos los objetos DXF importados cogerán el color/espesor de línea actual de la barra de comandos de croquizado
** Color y espesor de línea Original: Los objetos mantendrán el color y espesor de línea (si está especificado) que tenían en el archivo DXF
** Espesores de línea y Traducción de Colores: Si se selecciona esta opción, se utiliza la opción del archivo de traducción de abajo.
* Archivo de traducción de colores: Esto permite especificar un archivo de traducción que será utilizado para traducir los colores DXF a colores y espesores de línea, del mismo modo que funciona un estilo de trazado en AutoCAD. El archivo de traducción debe ser un archivo de texto separado por tabuladores. Hay una buena utilidad gratuita llamada [http://www.noliturbare.com/TablePrintGUI.php Plot style viewer] que puede convertir archivos CTB o STB de Autocad (estilos de trazado) a archivos separados por tabuladores listos para utilizarse en FreeCAD. Alternativamente, tenemos un par de [[Draft_mapping_files/es|home-made archivos de traducción]] disponibles aquí.
* Importar textos: Permite especificar si quieres importar textos y cotas del DXF o no. Muchos textos podrían hacer trabajar a FreeCAD muy lento, de modo que a veces podrías utilizar esta opción.
* Importar objetos de las presentaciones: Activa esta opción si quieres importar elementos del espacio papel. Se fusionarán en el mismo documento que los objetos del espacio modelo.
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== DWG ==

Because the DWG format is a proprietary, closed and undocumented format it is hard for open-source projects like FreeCAD to support it. That is why FreeCAD relies on external converters to read and write DWG files. To import a DWG file a converter is used to create a DXF first, which can then be processed by the FreeCAD DXF importer. When exporting to DWG the opposite conversion happens: the DXF created by the FreeCAD DXF exporter is turned into a DWG.

Note that the DXF format allows a 1:1 conversion of the DWG format. All applications that can read and write DWG files can do the same with DXF files, with no data loss. So asking for DXF files instead of DWG files, and supplying DXF files in turn, should not cause any problems.

There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/libredwg LibreDWG] (open-source, lacks support for some DWG entities).
* [https://www.opendesign.com/guestfiles/oda_file_converter ODA File Converter] (free).
* [https://qcad.org/en/qcad-command-line-tools#dwg2dwg QCAD pro] (commercial). {{Version|0.20}}

See [[Import_Export_Preferences#DWG|Import Export Preferences]] and [[FreeCAD_and_DWG_Import|FreeCAD and DWG Import]] for more information.


==Scripting==
==Scripting==
{{Emphasis|See also:}} [[Draft API]] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].


See also: [https://freecad.github.io/SourceDoc/ Autogenerated API documentation] and [[FreeCAD Scripting Basics|FreeCAD Scripting Basics]].
You can export elements to DXF by using the following function:

To export objects to DXF use the {{incode|export}} method of the importDXF module.

{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
}}
}}


* For the Windows OS: use a {{FileName|/}} (forward slash) as the path separator in {{Incode|filename}}.
Example:

Ejemplo:

{{Code|code=
{{Code|code=
import Draft, importDXF
import FreeCAD as App
import Draft
import importDXF


doc = App.newDocument()
Polygon1 = Draft.makePolygon(3, radius=500)
Polygon2 = Draft.makePolygon(5, radius=1500)


polygon1 = Draft.make_polygon(3, radius=500)
objects = [Polygon1, Polygon2]
polygon2 = Draft.make_polygon(5, radius=1500)


doc.recompute()

objects = [polygon1, polygon2]
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")
}}
}}



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Latest revision as of 15:48, 25 October 2021

Descripción

El borrador DXF es un módulo de software utilizado por el Std Abrir, Std Importar y Std Exportar para manejar el formato de archivo DXF.

Dibujo Qcad exportado a DXF, que posteriormente se abre en FreeCAD

Importación

Two importers are available, which one is used can be specified under Edit → Preferences... → Import-Export → DXF. One is built-in, C++-based and fast, the other is legacy, coded in Python, slower, and requires the installation of an add-on, but can handle some entities better and can create more refined FreeCAD objects. Both support all DXF versions starting from R12.

Los objetos 3D dentro de un archivo DXF se almacenan bajo un blob binario ACIS/SAT, que por el momento no puede ser leído por FreeCAD. Sin embargo, entidades más sencillas como los 3DFACEs son soportados.

C++ importer

This importer can import the following DXF objects:

  • lines
  • polylines (and lwpolylines)
  • arcs
  • circles
  • ellipses
  • splines
  • points
  • texts and mtexts
  • dimensions
  • leaders
  • blocks (only geometry, texts, dimensions and attributes inside blocks are skipped)
  • layers
  • paper space objects

Legacy importer

This importer can import the following DXF objects:

  • lines
  • polylines (and lwpolylines)
  • arcs
  • circles
  • ellipses
  • splines
  • 3D faces
  • texts and mtexts
  • leaders
  • layers

Exportación

Los archivos se exportan en el formato DXF R14, que puede ser manejado por muchas aplicaciones.

C++ exporter

Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:

  • All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except Draft CubicBezCurves, Draft BezCurves and Draft Points.
  • Straight edges from faces of 3D objects are exported, but curved edges only if they are on a plane parallel to the XY plane of the global coordinate system. Note that a DXF created from 3D objects will contain duplicate lines.
  • Texts and dimensions are not exported.
  • Colors are ignored.
  • Layers are mapped from object names.

Legacy exporter

Some of the features and limitations of this exporter are:

  • All FreeCAD 2D geometry is exported, except Draft Points. But ellipses, B-splines and Bézier curves are not exported properly.
  • 3D objects are exported as flattened 2D views.
  • Compound objects are exported as blocks.
  • Texts and dimensions are exported.
  • The colors in the DXF are based on the line color of objects. Black is mapped to "ByBlock", other colors are mapped using AutoCAD Color Index (ACI) colors.
  • Layers are mapped from layer and group names. When groups are nested, the deepest group gives the layer name.

Instalación

Por razones de licencia, las librerías de importación/exportación DXF necesarias para la versión antigua del importador no forman parte del código fuente de FreeCAD. Para más información ver: Importación FreeCAD y DXF.

Preferencias

Para más información, consulte: Preferencias de exportación.

DWG

Because the DWG format is a proprietary, closed and undocumented format it is hard for open-source projects like FreeCAD to support it. That is why FreeCAD relies on external converters to read and write DWG files. To import a DWG file a converter is used to create a DXF first, which can then be processed by the FreeCAD DXF importer. When exporting to DWG the opposite conversion happens: the DXF created by the FreeCAD DXF exporter is turned into a DWG.

Note that the DXF format allows a 1:1 conversion of the DWG format. All applications that can read and write DWG files can do the same with DXF files, with no data loss. So asking for DXF files instead of DWG files, and supplying DXF files in turn, should not cause any problems.

There is built-in support for the following DWG converters:

See Import Export Preferences and FreeCAD and DWG Import for more information.

Scripting

See also: Autogenerated API documentation and FreeCAD Scripting Basics.

To export objects to DXF use the export method of the importDXF module.

importDXF.export(objectslist, filename, nospline=False, lwPoly=False)
  • For the Windows OS: use a / (forward slash) as the path separator in filename.

Ejemplo:

import FreeCAD as App
import Draft
import importDXF

doc = App.newDocument()

polygon1 = Draft.make_polygon(3, radius=500)
polygon2 = Draft.make_polygon(5, radius=1500)

doc.recompute()

objects = [polygon1, polygon2]
importDXF.export(objects, "/home/user/Pictures/myfile.dxf")